Search Documents

By Pedro Hugo Tumialán de la Cruz

Dado que el Perú es un país propicio para la exploración de yacimientos mineros, es necesario plantear investigaciones geológicas para encontrar la génesis de estas zonas mineras. En este sentido, se realiza investigaciones de tipo isotopos a efectuarse en el futuro y asi determinar el origen de la variedad de los minerales metálicos en dichos áreas. Para ello, se describe las medidas de cada isotopo a partir de un espectómetro de masa aplicado en laboratorios extranjeros, donde se evalúa los diferentes tipos de isotopos como el azufre, carbono, oxígeno, estroncio, plomo e hidrógeno y se evalúan lo efectos y reacciones de los mismos.

Nov 20, 1978

By Mario Samamé Boggio

El presente texto describe algunos aspectos de la inversión extranjera en tres períodos: fines del siglo XIX, la primera mitad del siglo XX y segunda mitad del siglo XX. Dentro de lo quince casos analizados se halló que 5 empresas son iguales: Northern, Southem, Santander, Santa Luisa y Madrigal; 4 empresas se han "peruanizado" total o parcialmente: Caylloma, Ticapampa (Alianza), Lampa (Minsur) y Ruaron, 3 empresas se han agotado aparentemente: Santo Domingo, Salinas y Minas Ragra, 1 yacimiento revertió al Estado y fue desarrollado por Minero Perú: Cerro Verde; y 2 empresas fueron expropiadas y estatizadas: Cerro de Pasco Corporation y Marcona. En todos los casos no hubo descubrimiento del yacimiento por el inversionista, quien compró las concesiones y denuncios, con excepción de Marcona que estuvo explorado y desarrollado y fue contratado para su explotación.

Mar 1, 1982

By Félix García

The Yanacocha Operation is an open pit gold mining operation located in mountainous terrain in Northern Perú. Given constraints imposed by the topography and the permitted boundaries, the efficient use of space is a priority for the Operation. Gold extraction from some ore types involves leaching, and the construction of heap leach facilities (HLF). The construction of HLF over a waste rock facility (WRF) is an example of a design driven by the need to use space efficiently. Liner grades that promote controlled drainage of leach solution, and drainage infrastructure are essential in HLF design. With this in mind, accounting for settlements in the waste rock and the native soils that form the WRF foundation were particularly important for this application. The facility continues to function in accordance with the design. This concept permitted important cost savings, and provided useful HLF capacity for the Yanacocha Operation.

Oct 21, 2015

By Andrzej Hebda

The paper point out the method to meet the formal requirements for carrying out occupational risk assessment in companies imposed by various regulations and practical needs of modern safety management in company. The method presented allows also utilizing the assessment of economic effects of work accidents to assess the economic value of the risk resulting from the possibility of harm to health occurring to mine staff. A risk assessment example included in the paper and the calculations made permit positive assessment of the usability of the event-tree method for assessing the risk under conditions of limited availability of statistical information on the frequency of harm occurring. The method presented has also this advantage that it is not based on accident ratios that for many reasons do not always conform to reality and always show past safety level, not anticipating accidents but only recording them.

Jul 31, 2003

By Edmundo Alfaro

The paper describes the thiosulfate process for gold leaching like the best non-polluting alternative to cyanide. Thiosulfate is a non-toxic lixiviant and has the ability to complex gold and silver. Copper bearing ores are not harmful for the process and does not suffer the preg-robbing phenomenon like in the case of cyanide. Nevertheless, the process is not fully developed, basically because of the poor understanding of the solution chemistry. Upon thermodynamic considerations and experimental evaluations it was found that the system is unstable; thiosulfate oxidation is unavoidable and ammonia is lost by evaporation. Measures to reduce thiosulfate oxidation include the adequate balance of ammonia and thiosulfate concentrations, adequate pH, additions of sulfite and additions of complexing agents like glycine.

Sep 12, 2005

By Mafalda Arias

The role of our industry is essential to future societal needs and to set the foundation for a better world, it?s important to built trust and relationships inside your global team, within communities and together with stakeholders. The objective of this paper is to raise awareness of the importance of including “culture” as one of the four pillars of sustainability and to highlight the disjointed nature of the existing concept of sustainability and the goal of that concept. In other words, the conflicting propositions between the western beliefs that set the foundation of the sustainability concept and the eastern beliefs that aims to have sustainability as an end result. The incorporation of “culture” aims to find a balance, which unites these opposite perspectives to result in a more harmonious solution for society.

Sep 12, 2011

By Kevin Gunesch

In the current difficult financial markets, only the best projects will advance to the next phases of development due to limited funding. Projects are consistently being evaluated by their initial Capital Expenditure (CapEx), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Optimizing these parameters is the best way to gain market interest. Global Resource Engineering LTD (GRE) completed an optimization study for a silver-lead-zinc project in Peru. In this sense, the objective of the study was to minimize the project initial Capital Expenditure while maximizing the Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return. GRE accomplished this goal by completing a series of tradeoff studies for the project and combining them through the use of a multi-scenario deterministic model to find the most economic scenario.

Oct 21, 2015

By Victor Tenorio

At the present time, the mineral resources in the majority of underground mines are assessed and reported within a deterministic scenario. Irrespective of the techniques utilized for the estimation, the uncertainty in the reporting of resources is limited to their classification in categories such as Measured, Indicated and Inferred, according to a qualitative appreciation that depends on the abundance and quality of geologic information and sampling. Tonnages and grades reported within each category are treated as of fixed or variable precision depending on their classification; nevertheless, this degree of precision is not quantified, which makes it difficult for mine planning and can seriously affect the decisions that are taken on the resources of a deposit. The uncertainty in the resources comes from the lack of adequate geological information and grades, but this lack of information is very difficult to improve or supplement since the information-versus-cost curve increases exponentially

Sep 19, 2006

By Glen Toepfer

The paper point out geosynthetic installations as assets, Construction Quality Assurance (CQA) and how both items relate to ensuring a sound installation that should provide a significant return on investment for the owner. Also this elements that are required in obtaining a sound installation and the tangible benefits of a zero-leak geomembrane installation.

Oct 21, 2015

By George Shou

"The paper point out about economics of thickened tailings transportation. In this sense, the optimal concentration is determined based on the balance between the incremental costs of thickening and transportation and theincremental environmental benefits. A detailed feasibility study is essential for financial success of a tailings project. Hydraulics modeling is the key to estimate the transportation cost curve. "

Jul 31, 2003

By Reinhold A. Errath

"The paper describes the problem related with contradiction to the development of sag mills, which one are becoming bigger in size almost every year. In this sense, the concentrator plants are being built more and more in remote areas where the power supply and network conditions are not necessarily covering the needs for the operation of such plants. It also illustrates the permissible tolerances in terms of commutation of the powerelectronics, based on already realized installations. Finally the paper gave an overview about the technical impact of a strong versus weak networks."

Jul 31, 2003

By Rob D. Morrison

The paper point out the opportunities for improved performance from Mine to Product using a range of technologies developed at the JKMRC. There are several underlying themes: Readily available computing power makes possible instrument like SPLIT, JKFrothCam and the JK/FEI Mineral Liberation Analyser, a large research project is underway applying acoustic monitoring techniques to large mills with the object being to more accurately monitor total mill load and ball load on-line. Taking advantage of these opportunities will require detailed ore characterization, good models and accurate measurement of mine and plant performance.

Sep 13, 2001

By Patrick P. M. Afenya

"The paper point out the mineralogical aspects about metals processing volcano-related gold, silver and copper ores. The copper group of metals comprises gold, cooper and silver. These metals have been considered together here because of similarities in their chemical properties. Consequently, these metals commonly form minerals with the same elements or group of elements. It is realized that the formation of minerals and final physicaland chemical states of any mineral may depend on many factors such as temperature, pressure, activity of species and pH of the fluid, mode of formation, paragenesis, geological age and post crystallization events. For the purpose of this discussion, attention will be focused on temperature as the principal factor influencing mineral formation."

Jul 31, 2003

By Ron H. Derammelaere

"The paper point out of the copper slurry pipelines in South America, providing key statistics, such as throughput, diameter, length, etc. In addition, it will present technical aspects of pipeline design that are unique tomountainous terrain, specifically: choke stations for the control of slack flow, batch hydraulics, automation and training.The pipelines listed in this paper operate successfully at availabilities in excess of 98%. Breaks and plugs can occur due to operator error, but are extremely rare. A review of cross-country slurry pipeline operations worldwide over the last 30 years shows that such a major event occurs, on average, once every five years. Under such a worstcase condition, the downtime rarely exceeds five days. Some pipelines have already been in operation over 30 years, the life span being a function of how well corrosion is kept in check."

Jul 31, 2003

By Joseph Campbell

El presente trabajo señala la innovación de procesos en la explotación minera de Cerro Verde a partir de 1971. El proceso se inició con la aplicación industrial de la técnica de extracción por solventes para la purificación de soluciones de lixiviación desarrollada por la compañía Ranchers en la mina Bluebird (Arizona) y que fue seguida por operaciones a gran escala en Bagdad (Arizona) y Chingola (Zambia). La mina Bluebird, que practicaba la lixiviación de óxidos en botaderos seguida de los procesos de extracción por solventes (SX) y electrodeposición (EW), fue la primera en demostrar que la innovadora operación “mine for leach” era una alternativa económicamente viable. En ese sentido, el desarrollo de Cerro Verde se dio en dos etapas: el primero, comprendía el minado y la lixiviación de los procesos de SX/EW y la segunda etapa, el tratamiento de los sulfuros secundarios de alta ley y primarios. De forma que se mejoró la cinética de la extracción de cobre, el manejo futuro del Pad 4 tanto para mantener y asegurar su estabilidad como para reducir los problemas de permeabilidad e inventarios de cobre que un pad permanente involucra, así como para manejar apropiadamente las variables metalúrgicas que la lixiviación de los sulfuros requiere.

Sep 13, 2001

By J. Scarbrough, J. Barrett

Vector Induced Polarization arrays aim to provide unbiased and minimally low spatial sampling of artificially generated electric fields to efficiently investigate the Induced Polarization and Resistivity variations in the subsurface, generally of use in the exploration of disseminated sulphide systems beneath large covered areas.

May 1, 2008

By Hans Langerfeldt

La explotación minera se limita al marco geológico de una zona -en tanto se evalúen las características geológicas y mineralógicas de la zona a explotar-. En este sentido, el texto describe el volumen y ley, topografía, geología, extracción, metalurgia, agua como elementos necesarios para proceder a utilizar el método de explotación y de tratamiento. Sobre la base de estos factores se evalúa el planeamiento técnico de la explotación de Cerro Verde.

Nov 20, 1969

By N. Mendoza, B. Nohtani

Kalegar Project is a copper porphyry system with gold-copper structures. The system is located in southeastern Iran, about 170Km NW of Zahedan city, capital of Sistan and Baluchistan Province. The Project is near the highly deformed and tectonized Lut Block and flysch zone. This type of mineralization is related to regional tensional structures and a pull apart basin. Hydrothermal alteration extends (4.5km x 1km), with an EW tendency. The alteration is predominantly moderate silica-clay with restricted silica pyrophyllite alteration and it is related to ‘B’ banded quartz veinlets. These alterations occur in a dacitic unit, heterolithic breccia sequences and early porphyritic andesite. It may be related to a postulated productive porphyry system at depth.

May 1, 2008

By B. Whistler

The Alpala porphyry copper-gold deposit is a recent discovery located in the Imbabura Province of northwestern Ecuador. The drilling of seventeen diamond core holes over a 900 m by 400 m area has defined a northwesterly-trending, steeply northeast-dipping dike-stock complex of diorite to quartz diorite that exceeds 1300 m in height. This intrusive complex is hosted by a sequence of andesitic volcaniclastic rocks and lavas. The host-rocks are interpreted to be part of the Paleocene to Late Eocene Macuchi Formation (BGS-CODIGEM, 1997; Cruz, 2007). The best drill intercept to date is 1312 m at 0.67 % Cu and 0.63 g/t Au from 128 m depth in CSD-15-012, which includes 576 m at 1.03 % Cu and 1.19 g/t Au.

May 1, 2008

By Andrés Rivera

El avance de la tecnología a nivel mundial, muestra que algunas operaciones mineras, ya se exige que presenten certificados de calidad; del mismo modo se tiene que minimizar los errores o evitar cometer faltas a la ética profesional en el caso de informes técnicos. En el Perú todavía no existe una entidad que monitoree y controle los códigos y requisitos para que un profesional de la rama de la minería puede cumplir requisitos para ser una PERSONA CALIFICADA (QP)

May 1, 2008