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By Carlos C. Hidalgo

El presente trabajo señala los cambios realizados en el procedimiento de completamiento de los pozos petroleros desde 1958 y evalúa los efectos de las nuevas técnicas introducidas en el sistema petrolero. Para ello, se revisa la historia de la producción de las cuatro áreas que tienen suficientes pozos para comparar lo métodos antiguos y nuevos de completamiento. Asimismo se realiza un análisis de los costos de completamiento para los mismos pozos que fueron considerados en la comparación de productividades. De la comparación establecida entre los métodos antiguos y los nuevos procedimientos, se encontró que el nuevo estilo conduce a recuperaciones totales más altas a un costo menor. El otro beneficio estriba en un mejor control de entradas de agua o gas y una mejor adaptación futura de los pozos a posible inyección de agua o a cualquier otro proyecto de recuperación secundaria.

Jul 20, 1961

By Carlos Varela Castillo

El texto describe el proceso de ensayo de fabricación de arrabio en los hornos eléctricos de reducción de Chimbote, utilizando la escoria de acería eléctrica. Para ello, se muestran los resultados de los cálculos de la escoria, cuadros de análisis de arrabio, escoria y gas de reducción, así como el consumo mensual de materías primas, producción, arrabio, potencia promedio y porcentaje de marcha del horno de reducción. Concluyendo que el uso de escoria elimina el empleo del manganeso y reduce de un 30 a 40% el consumo de piedra caliza por tonelada de arrabio, aumentando la producción del mismo y solucionando el problema de almacenamiento. De otro lado, las dificultades en el uso de la escoria de aceración eléctrica son su falta de homogenidad química y física, y contenido de fósforo que limita su mayor utilización.

Jul 20, 1961

By Gailen T. Vandel

El presente texto describe la historia, geología, exploración, actividades de explotación como parte de la construcción de la planta de beneficio en la Bahía de San Nicolás, Marcona. Dicho proyecto contempla una ampliación del la planta de chancado y almacenamiento de la mina, así como la faja transportadora de bajada a San Nicolás y red de carreteras. Asimismo se incluye la planta eléctrica Diessel y transmisión, el muelle y zona abycente, la expansión de esta planta para el tratamiento del chancado, la planta de la peletización y la planta térmica. Con la implementación de estos elementos a la planta de Marcona, se convertirá a la región en uno de los centros industriales de mayor importancia en Sudamérica.

Jul 20, 1961

By J. Alberto Chipoco O.

El presente texto describe el proceso e importancia del programa de seguridad industrial en el país. Dicho estudio comprende la legislación, definiciones, factores que intervienen en la ocurrencia de accidentes industriales (defectos físicos del trabajador, antecedentes, actos inseguros y condiciones peligrosas), estadísticas de accidentes comprendidas entre los años 1958 - 1959 y costo de accidentes industriales. Asimismo, se recomienda que el Perú comtemple la creación del Consejo Nacional de Seguridad para un establecimiento y control de reglamentos para la prevención de accidentes.

Jul 20, 1961

By N. F. Manrique

El presente texto refiere el aporte de la química analítica como método de control en las operaciones de la industria minera. La química analítica trabaja con los métodos analíticos, los cuales están en constante actualización al tiempo que los análisis por instrumentación. En este sentido, se muestra que métodos analíticos clásicos como aquellos de reciente adaptación sirven para determinar el cobre, plomo, zinc, plata y oro, entre otros minerales, ais como se describe el rango, tiempo y costo para cada método utilizado.

Jul 20, 1961

By Jorge Black Florez

El presente texto describe la aplicación del programa de entrenamiento de seguridad para mineros en la Cerro de Pasco Corpotation. Este programa se basa en un estudio realizado entre los años 1956-1959, y consta de tres elementos: hacia quiénes va la instrucción, el tema a enseñar y la metodología a utilizar. La clasificación del personal según este programa, se divide en: obreros, supervisores y miembros de las cuadrillas de rescate minero. Los temas de instrucción son los tópicos generales para toda categoría de trabajador y los temas específicos de acuerdo a la naturaleza de las labores encomendadas. Finalmente se describe la práctica de los entrenamientos, la cual evidencia y reduce el índice de accidentes laborales, como estabiliza la productividad en la minera.

Jul 20, 1961

By Bauer Young

Ante la crítica realidad económica de los países subdesarrollados, se plantea la propuesta de que si estos países puedan liberarse de la pobreza, no será a través de sus aportes financieros, sino por sus sacrificios en la escala esconómica. Para ello, se revisa el modelo de círculo vicioso de la pobreza (tasa cero), los testimonios en contra, las relaciones entre capital y desarrollo, ahorro e ingresos, y por último, se realiza el análisis económico y las plataformas económicas.

Jul 1, 1961

By Michel Papadakis

El presente texto señala el proceso de la molienda, utilización industrial, aparatos, clasificación, modos de utilización, estudio del comportamiento del mineral y la evolución de los problemas de trituración. El proceso de molienda consiste en trasladar el material del estado granuloso al estado pulvurulento. En ese sentido, se busca transformar los materiales con el fin de aumentar su superficie total, así como los cambios físico-químicos. Asi mismo se define el comportamiento de los materiales en los molinos de bolas.

May 1, 1961

To Americans, Alaska occupies a unique position, both geographically and historically. The only integral portion of the United States lying in the sub-Arctic and Arctic regions of the Earth, the early remoteness and climatic conditions effectively combined to impede the economic development of this area. Although Alaska has been a part of our Nation since 1867, its mining industry is still at that stage of development which characterized the West 100 years ago when miners concentrated on high-grade lodes and rich placer deposits. Since World War II, however, there has been a noticeable increase of interest in the raw materials of the North. This concern has been most noticeable in Canada, Scandinavia and Russia, but it has been, and is being shown in Alaska. To the American mining industry, the potential importance of this State can be summed up by the question, "Can Alaskan mining compete successfully with those of other states and countries?" The answer revolves about the vital factors of geography, economics, and the political turmoil of the World. These aspects are among those discussed on the following pages in a series of articles by Alaskans and non-Alaskans alike. We invite you to read "Alaska: Regional Report."

Jan 12, 1961

By C. W. Merrill

Minerals research by the U.S. Bureau of Mines embraces the mining and metallurgical problems of some 80 metals and nonmetals excluding the mineral fuels. It requires the energies and talents of about 1400 persons, almost half of whom are professionally trained in the physical sciences or engineering. Of approximately $13 million appropriated to the Bureau for minerals programs in Fiscal Year 1962, 76% has been allotted to technologic research and 24% to resources examination and appraisal. In addition, almost $2 million will be made available to the Bureau for minerals research from other Government sources and from private organizations that wish to utilize Bureau experience and capabilities in cooperative studies.

Jan 11, 1961

By E. L. Fisk

First discovered and claimed in 1929, the Cordero cinnabar deposit lies 11 road miles southwest of McDermitt, Nev., near the Nevada-Oregon boundary. The name "Cordero" means "little lamb" in the Basque language and is symbolic of the fact that the first ore specimen was found during the lambing season. The Bradley Mining Co. held the property for several years during the early thirties, but it was not until 1939 that Cordero Mining Co., a subsidiary of Sun Oil Co., entered the picture. The company, then known as Horse Heaven Mines, Inc. conducted preliminary work in 1940 which proved enough near-surface ore to warrant the construction of a mill during the following year. By 1943, Cordero was being rapidly depleted when deeper churn drilling intersected the large underground orebody that is still being mined today.

Jan 11, 1961

By F. Windolph

There are no hard and fast rules for building tailing dams, and each case has to be analyzed individually because of special conditions encountered at each location. Certain criteria are used for building dams at Climax, Colo., where they must be placed in rather steep mountain valleys on foundations that are practically impermeable. The tailing is relatively coarse, and a coarse fraction stays near the berm where it is deposited, while most of the fines flow with the water to the pool. Thirty years experience has led to certain design for toe dams, decanter lines and towers and tailing dams. A new tailing disposal area, started at Climax in 1958, will ultimately have a height of 495 ft and impound about 300 million tons. The following applies to the construction of this new tailing area.

Jan 11, 1961

By H. M. Callaway

There are key words common to Government and the minerals industry, the use of which immediately spark interest, argument and confusion. Among these is productivity, a term ranking for widespread misunderstanding with mineral self-sufficiency and mineral conservation. Each interpretation of these words tends to emphasize a single aspect and either minimize or ignore the complex dynamic system of things that influence the Nations mineral productiveness. This paper1, abstracted from a monograph on lead now being prepared for publication by the Bureau of Mines, not only sheds light on the trend of productivity in the lead-zinc mining industry but it presents the basis for forming a common general notion of what the term productivity implies.

Jan 11, 1961

By A. C. Backeberg

There is no South African code for the design of reinforced concrete headframes, and all those erected have been designed on a uniform basis which, up to the present, has tended to be conservative. With certain exceptions designs have generally conformed with British Standard Code of Practice C.P. 114. In the design of reinforced concrete headframes the following loads are taken into account:

Jan 11, 1961

The General Electric Co., in cooperation with the Montana School of Mines and under a research grant from the Anaconda Co., is presently experimenting on a new non-explosive method of breaking rock with radio-frequency electrical power. The method is known as electrothermal forcing. It must be understood that present equipment has not been designed to perform primary blasting functions. Its conceived use will be restricted to small pieces of rock too large to pass through a chute or grizzly. However, even this use is still far in the future. Experiments to date have been limited mostly to rock smaller than 18 in.

Jan 11, 1961

Calendar of Events

Jan 11, 1961

By C. H. Curtis

The Esperanza mine of the Copper Division of Duval Sulphur & Potash Co. is located in the Twin Buttes District, 32 miles southwest of Tucson, Ariz. Records of mining activity in this vicinity date back to the 1850's. The New Year's Eve mine, which was last active briefly during the years of World War II, made the first actual penetration into what is now Duval's Esperanza property. Duval's exploration department became interested in the Esperanza in the fall of 1954. The first test hole was started on May 8, 1955. Two years of intensive exploration work together with metallurgical studies developed the basis for the decision to establish an operation.

Jan 11, 1961

By D. G. Mickle, H. L. Hartman

Hydraulic filling was probably first used as a means of ground support in 1864 in an anthracite mine at Shenandoah, Pa. In the nearly 100 years since that time it has gained widespread acceptance, but surprisingly little study has been made of the basic features of the process. The investigations that have been made primarily concern the design of preparation processes and transportation systems, while little attention has been paid to ensuring that the fill does its job adequately after placement. Both permeability and compressibility of fills have been studied in the laboratories of the Department of Mining at The Pennsylvania State University under the sponsorship of the Mineral Conservation Section, formed to promote efficient utilization of the state's resources. Results of these studies form the basis of this article.

Jan 11, 1961

By J. R. Dunn

Planning quarry operations and control of the quality of rock materials at Hudson Cement Co. at East Kingston, N. Y., are special problems because of multiple uses for the stone and the great structural complexity of the rocks. Problems have been largely solved by detailed geologic work. These geologic studies have paid dividends in long and short range planning, in assessment of reserves, in vastly reduced cost of chemical analyses, and in reduced drilling costs. Limestones of the Hudson Valley outcrop along the Hudson River from Albany to Kingston. Old established cement companies are located just south of Catskill and just east and southeast of Hudson, N. Y. The new Atlantic Cement plant is being constructed at Ravena. Hudson Cement located at East Kingston, is a newcomer and is closest to the New York metropolitan area (Plate I).

Jan 11, 1961

Scientific elite of the Minerals Beneficiation Div. assembled in Denver, Colo., September 17 to 20 to commemorate the 50th Anniversary of Froth Flotation in the United States of America. In his warm address of welcome at the opening luncheon, John W. Vanderwilt, President, Colorado School of Mines, recalled his experience in Bonanza which coincided with the early days of flotation. In those years the scientific and engineering aspects of the process which we know today were little understood and operating the flotation circuit was considered an "art." Luncheon Chairman H. L. McNeill caught the flavor of the old days in an anecdote which recalled the mill nightmares to many present with the agonized words, "Oh God, what's happened to the concentrate now!" It was an appropriate gesture when he called the names of some of the flotation greats for presentation to the assembly; and many an "artist" there was among them!

Jan 10, 1961