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By Germán Alva, Camilo Ferreira, Rómulo Villegas, Franco Olcese

El siguiente documento presenta el caso de la realización de talleres participativos, voluntarios e inclusivos de consulta social con comunidades, centros poblados y ciudades del área de influencia directa e indirecta de Minera Yanacocha, en Cajamarca, Perú. El objetivo con estos talleres es conocer las percepciones y el sistema de creencias de la población con respecto a la minería y el impacto de estas creencias sobre la postura hacia la empresa, brindar información desmitificando mitos y midiendo la aceptación de la actividad minera.

Sep 30, 2022

By Arthur Notman

THE raw material men in all industries, and copper is no exception, are accustomed to think of them- selves as the whole show, and not without justice, for if there were no copper mines the world would have no copper. Nevertheless, many different things costing money and resulting in profits must be done to their product before it is ready for the world's use. In other words, they are making the frequent mistake of Chinking in terms of partial costs. Nobody really uses electrolytic copper. Possibly that is why nobody seems willing to pay anything for it. The manufacturers, being canny, do not buy any more electrolytic than they feel that they can work up and sell profitably, although they like to make the raw material men Chink that they will take all that can be produced. This is a state of affairs that has aroused my sympathy and curiosity, and has induced me to study the financial history of the copper wire and brass industry of the country or such portion of it as publishes any records readily available to the curious minded. About 60 per cent of the electrolytic copper used in this country is drawn into wire and consumed by the electrical industries. The remaining 40 per cent is

Jan 1, 1926

By R. H. Ogburn

THE GROUND now being worked by the Fairbanks Exploration Co., near Fairbanks, Alaska, has been known to be gold bearing since 1901. In the early days it was worked by drift mining and other small-scale methods. In 1922, Hammond started prospecting the gold-bearing ground and obtaining options on the properties desired. Two years later the present Fairbanks Exploration Co. started taking up the options, and preparing to exploit the ground. For the prospect drilling Keystone drills were used, with holes at the points of equilateral triangles 600 ft. apart. Holes were also put down more closely spaced to determine the limits of dredging ground. In the first drilling casing was used to the bottom of the holes, but in later work the casing was put down only to the bottom of the thawed ground, and the rest of the hole put down without casing. The gold content was determined by panning, each 2 ft. of depth being determined separately. Where no casing was used the size of the hole was determined by using water to measure its volume. The greatest concentration of gold occurs at or near bedrock. All the gold-bearing streams head in one big dome. Gold, however, is not found clear to the head of the creeks, the pay being first found some distance downstream from the head.

Jan 1, 1933

By AIME AIME

THE papers on geophysics were roughly divided into two groups*, those presented Monday morning being of a more technical and theoretical nature, whereas the afternoon session was principally taken up with discussions of a predominantly geological flavor. Thus it was made possible for those of a mathematical turn of mind to indulge their penchant for formula and differentials before lunch, leaving the field comparatively free, after lunch, for the geologists to learn of practical applications. The advantage of this classification is evident, and it is to be hoped that in some future meetings it will be possible to hold joint sessions of the geophysicists and mining geologists, to consider the overlap of the two fields.

Jan 1, 1931

By AIME AIME

THIS year the Chairman of the Institute's Iron and Steel Division is THIS William Anderson Haven, better known to the membership generally as Bill Haven. The Division Chairman is an individual endowed with a broad perspective of the ferrous metal industry he result of his earlier experiences as a successful operating man in the working and management of blast furnaces and his later experiences as an engineering-consulting executive concerned with the design and erection of and steel works throughout the world. William A. Haven was born to iron steel in the Pittsburgh district on ;. 1, 1888, and in due time--or in 1909 graduated from Penn State with a Bachelor degree in industrial chemistry.

Jan 1, 1944

By J. D. A. Morrow

TO my mind the National Bituminous Coal Act so far has proved one of the unhappiest experiences that has ever befallen the bituminous coal operators of the United States. Viewed in the light of its ugly consequences everyone should recognize this measure for what it is -a weird thing as unreal as a page from "Alice in Wonderland." Indeed it might be another stanza to the tale of the Walrus and the Carpenter, with the coal operators in the role of the unfortunate oysters who were taken on that memorable ramble. It is time that coal producers open their eyes, jerk themselves out of any lingering hypnotic optimism about the price-fixing provisions of this law, demand the repeal of these corroding clauses, and then set about remedying as best they can the disastrous effects of this retromingent scheme to regulate the coal business.

Jan 1, 1939

By H. NORTON JOHNSON

THE oil industry in California during 1929 reached new heights and new depths in the discovery and development of the oil resources of the State. The discovery of new fields, and more especially the discovery and development of deeper prolific sands in known fields has, for the first time in its history, brought the potential production of completed wells within the State to over 1,000,000 bbl. oil per day. Constant improvement in equipment and technique has made possible economic development to depths unheard of but a few short years ago. Commercial production from a depth of over 4000 ft. was considered quite an accomplishment in 1923 when the Meyer sand at Santa Fe Springs was developed, and when later oil was successfully raised from this depth.

Jan 1, 1930

By Louis V. Bender

THIS paper gives a short review of the installation for and the use of gas, as a. fuel, at the Anaconda Reduction Works of the Anaconda Copper Mining Co. Before putting in gas tile fuels used were pulverized coal, lump coal, coke distillate and oil. These fuels are now almost entirely eliminated. For nearly fifty years bituminous coals from Wyoming and Montana fields had been used. These coals were of a good grade, analyzing 11,300 B.t.u. and having an ash content of 12 per cent. When hydro-electric power replaced steam-driven equipment, the coal requirements were reduced; and, on account of improvements in metallurgy and/ or in furnace design, the quantity was lessened. Later, oil and distillate were introduced and used in some of the operations. All of these things tended toward the lessening of the amount of coal used, and had it not been for the increase in the size of the plant, the tonnage used would have been small when the change was made to gas.

Jan 1, 1932

By R. E. Allen

ONE of the most unusual oil field engineering accomplishments of the past two years is the development and rapid advance in the directed drilling of wells. Directed drilling as referred to herein is the controlled steering of the drill stem in the required direction to a given location in the oil sand. The deliberate drifting of holes is an act so far removed from what has been considered good drilling practice that all of the old questions of correlation, drillability and production difficulties are revived. Only a few years ago, during the boom days of Seminole and Santa Fe Springs, the crooked-hole problem, as it was then called, occupied a primary position among the topics of the day in the fields of California and the Mid-Continent. The net result of all the discussion and study at that time was the conclusion that oil wells should be drilled with as little deviation from

Jan 1, 1933

By AIME AIME

LAST month we published (p. 440) the first half of the L discussion by O. E. Kiessling of the paper on copper by Mr. Vogelstein that appeared in the same-issue, but lack of space made it necessary to hold the remainder for this number. Mr. Kiessling now asks to have the last " sentence of the part already published revised to the form given in the first sentence which follows, and also asks that the two parts, though necessarily published separately, be read together, as a mistaken impression may be derived from the first Dart unless it is read in connection with the statement of the Bureau of Mines policy respecting secondary metals which is here published. .

Jan 1, 1931

By Alan Kissock

MOLYBDENUM is thought of as one of the rarer elements, for though it occurs in almost every country of the world it is seldom found in commercial quantities. In this country, however, there is one deposit which makes the term "rare" a misnomer. There are two commercially mined molybdenum minerals: molybdenite, the sulfide, and wulfenite, a lead molybdate. Of these two only the former is of any con- sequence but wulfenite is of mineralogical interest. It is frequently associated with oxidized lead ores and particularly in arid sections. Deposits, however, are usually quite superficial. It is highly oxidized and yet it does not appear to be an alteration product for it apparently disappears below water level and I know of no case where primary molybdenite, or in fact any molybdenum whatever has been identified below these surface wulfenite occurrences. The genesis of wulfenite would make an !- interesting study.

Jan 1, 1933

By LUDWIG VOGELSTEIN

WE are indebted to Mr. Barbour for his valuable contribution to the literature on copper statistics; it is to my knowledge the only intelligent attempt to throw light on a much misunderstood subject. If I should appear to criticize some of his findings and arguments, I do not want to leave the impression that I do not appreciate the article; I think Mr. Barbour has been painstaking, and even where one might not agree with his conclusions, he has opened our eyes and stimulated us in our search for the truth.' It might be well to define the term "secondary copper" and to make a few remarks about the origin and the reasons for the variation of the supply. Mr. Barbour has touched on these points, but not sufficiently to make them clear to those not in the business.

Jan 1, 1931

By Harlowe Hardinqe

ABOUT three years ago a distinctive new type of crushing and grinding equipment, known as the Hadsel mill, was announced. A description appeared in the November, 1932, issue of this magazine. Any machine that would take run-of-mine ore and reduce it, in one operation, and at a reasonable cost, to a size suitable for metallurgical treatment was bound to attract much interest, as the original Hadsel mill did. The first commercial sizes were built with the drum supported by an overhung shaft and partly immersed in a tank. The drum carried inside and outside buckets to lift the ore, which was dropped as the drum revolved onto stationary breaker plates projecting into the drum from the opposite tank wall. The coarser material settled back into the inside buckets. Intermediate sizes were carried into the tank, and this material was scooped out by the outside buckets and deposited hack in the drum for further grinding. The fines were carried out of the mill with the wash water over an adjustable weir at one side of the tank.

Jan 1, 1935

By L. E. PORTNER

INCREASING military demands on the petroleum industry have brought into bold relief the crude-oil reserves now available to meet combined military and civilian demands, emphasizing the necessity for a greater efficiency in recovery from what has been discovered than ever before, particularly in light of the absence of new discoveries. This situation-and the fact that the industry, as well as members of the Government charged with governing oil production, desire to meet all crude-oil demands made of the industry with the least loss in tangible reserves through production practices-paves the way for increasing application of sound principles of production engineering and conservation.

Jan 1, 1944

By AIME AIME

AN enthusiastic crowd, cheerfully confident that the upturn in the oil industry has arrived, gathered in Los Angeles on Sept. 29 for a Petroleum Division meeting arranged by the Southern California Section. The assembly room of the California Oil and Gas Association was the place of meeting. H. Norton Johnson was in the chair for the morning session, with about eighty members and guests present. Four papers were presented before lunch and a fifth, on electrical coring, was withdrawn as the work on which it was based is still confidential. Joseph Jensen read his contribution on the "Kettleman Hills Middle Dome Unit Plan" and, as he had an active part in framing the plan, his outline and discussion of it was authoritative and informing. J. H. Woods asked concerning the operation of the casing-head gasolene plant under the plan and was informed that one company would operate the plant and royalties would be paid participating companies

Jan 1, 1933

By Ralph H. Sweetser

IN the recent world-wide deflation of commodity prices the coal industry, including both anthracite and bituminous coal, had reached a level where the actual delivered market prices received by the operators were usually less than the cost of production. Many steel companies and public utilities, operating their own "captive" mines, could have bought coal during the past three years for less money than the true cost of coal produced at their own properties. Competition within the coal industry itself was cruel to the point of profitless operation, and the competition of other forms of fuel was bearing heavily on the coal producers. They were thus forced into methods of production and utilization that they had hitherto ignored; there had been almost complete absence of any appreciation (by the bituminous operators especially) of the necessity of real research work in finding better methods of preparing coal for specific uses, and in finding new and profitable uses for different kinds and grades of coal.

Jan 1, 1933

By Zay Jeffries

A SURVEY of rare metals and minerals for the past year places uranium as one of two partners, the other being the neutron, in what historians will probably say is the greatest discovery in physics at least during the year and probably for a consider- ably longer period. The uranium atom has been made to divide into parts somewhat after the style of reproduction of the amoeba. When an amoeba divides into two parts, however, it produces two amoebae substantially alike and each substantially like the parent: furthermore, there is no considerable change of energy when this happens. When the uranium atom divides it yields other atoms such as barium and krypton with the complete destruction of the original uranium atom but with the liberation of a tremendous amount of energy. This will be discussed more at length later.

Jan 1, 1940

By A. B. Parsons

DOWN in Washington an army of individuals constituting the government of a so-called "'democratic" nation is trying to manage the conduct, in its rnultifold phases, of the greatest war in history for the country that is potentially, at least, the strongest in the world and on which, consequently, the major responsibility rests. The enterprise is one of unprecedented magnitude and complexity. That individuals and groups have made and are making serious blunders, both as to the establishment and execution of policy, is to be expected.

Jan 1, 1942

By J. W. JESSUH

TO certain people the name of Northern Rhodesia brings only a vague recollection of a distant country somewhere in Africa; to others, it means a big game territory and the opportunity for excellent shooting; to some, a land of sunshine and peace; but to mining men the name signifies the land where the latest discoveries of copper ore are astonishing the mining world and bid fair, in a few years, to make Northern Rhodesia one of the largest copper- producing countries. There is a fascination about this part of the globe that is somewhat similar to southern California, and at the same time there is that feeling of mystery peculiar to a tropical climate. Perhaps it is the isolation, the fear of wild animals, or the influence of an undefinable something which cannot be expressed.

Jan 1, 1931

By AIME AIME

OUR new Director from the 15th District is Robert W. Thomas; of Ray, Ariz., general manager of the Ray Mines division, Kennecott Copper Corp. In electing him to this office his fellow engineers pay tribute to his ability as an engineer and express appreciation for his service to the A.I.M.E. and its Arizona Section. ?Bob? Thomas was born April 1, 1886 at St. James Minn. received his early education in the public schools of Topeka Kans. and was graduted from Topeka High School in 1905. Already he had decided upon mining engineering as a profession. so he entered the mining school of the University of Kanas from which he was graduated with the degree of B.S. in hlining enginrering. While in college he became a Student Associate of the A.I.M.E. After graduation, lution and isolated mining camps wel-e not the most desirable places in w

Jan 1, 1944