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By Frank Julian

After the solution of an iron ore, or metallic iron, in an acid, for the determination of phosphorus, it is necessary to evaporate the solution to dryness and to heat the residue to effect the complete separation of silica. Authorities differ as to the temperature required, some recormmentling not over 100' C., others as high as dull redness. For the purpose of securing some indications as to the degree of heat which may be safely or advantageously employed, I selected a gray pig-iron, a piece of Bessemer steel rail, and a sample of Ludington ore having the following composition; the phosphorus in the pig and steel being determined by Giutl's ferric chloride method:

Jan 1, 1884

During the latter part of the Civil War an income tax was placed upon coal and the production of coal in the various collection districts during the life of this tax is shown in the tabulation that follows. The counties that include coal deposits are shown for each district. No record exists now of the production by counties, but it is calculated here on the basis of tax collected. The table, of course, does not include any territory not under the control of the northern armies, and not all of that in some cases.

Jan 1, 1942

Arizona F. P. MATHEWSON, Chairman F. W. MACLENNAN, First Vice-chairman _CLYDE F. WEED, Second Vice-chairman F. D. GARDNER, Secretary-Treasurer Box 4097, University Station, Tucson, Ariz. ARTHUR CROWFOOT G. H. DOWELL HENRY F. FASTER R. D. LEISK Boston Meets first Monday each month, October to May, inclusive FREDERICK K. MORRIS, Chairman DANIEL CUSHING, Vice-chairman F. LEROY FOSTER, Secretary-Treasurer Rooms 6-202, Mass. Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, Mass. WILLIAM H. COBURN RUSSELL 01550K

Jan 1, 1934

By J. A. Ryder

TRANSIM II is a general purpose mining-oriented transport simulation program. It features the accurate modelling of locomotive tramming systems involving interferences and queue build- ups, as well as inter-level transport facilities linking bunkers of finite capacity. Features of the program are described, and a number of practical applications briefly reviewed including studies of optimal train capacities, pulling schedules, tip and bunker capacities, and operation of simple traffic-light systems.

Jan 1, 1977

D. K. CRAMPTON, Chairman EDMUND M. WISE, Past-Chairman CYRIL S. SMITH, Vice-Chairman CARL E. SWARTZ, Vice-Chairman H. A. MALONEY, Treasurer Executive Committee 1942 1943 FRANCES H. CLARK ERIC R. JETTE W. L. FINK LOUIS W. KEMPF J. T. NORTON GEORGE SACHS 1944 WILLIAM C. ELLIS ALAN MORRIS KENT R. VAN HORN Finance JOHN L. CHRISTIE, Chairman J. R. FREEMAN, JR. H. M. ST. JOHN W. M. PEIRCE JEROME STRAUSS

Jan 1, 1941

By Dan McLachlan

EXPERIMENTS on ionic solids,1 Cu-A1 alloys,2 and Fe-Si alloys3 have suggested that the ability of dislocations to cross-slip is one of the most important factors governing the nucleation and growth of fatigue cracks. These experiments necessarily had to be made on materials of different composition in order to vary the propensity for cross slip. However, re-

Jan 1, 1967

By William G. Kegel

Problems involved in putting the gob back underground in modern deep mines we dealt with. In particular, the problems associated with haulage of the gob back to the mine, the blown gob method of dispersion underground, and handling the refuse as slurry are discussed. Some alternative methods of disposal are presented.

Jan 1, 1976

By Edgar C. Moxham

THE paper of Mr. W. H. Adams, read at the Cleveland Meeting, June, 1891 (Trans., xx., 196), on "The First Iron Blast-Furnaces in America," establishes the interesting fact that the earliest operations on this continent in the manufacture of pig-iron were based upon a deposit which, after many years of neglect, has now become again the object of active exploitation. In addition to the remarks of Messrs. Pechin and Raymond in discussions of the paper above cited,

Jan 1, 1893

By Bruce T. Stanley

A key point in the design and operation of a modern mining operation is the construction of what is called an ore-body model or block model. This model is a representation of reality constructed from predicted information. The blocks involved are merely subsets of the overall model which allows manipulation of the contained information on a local scale. In general, block models enable mine planners to effectively select the most promising means of extracting the ore both physically and economically. The uses of a block model can be quite diversified, but one must realize that a single model that satisfies all curiosities and forms of expertise is difficult to construct.

Jan 1, 1979

By S. R. Krogh, T. O. Olsen

Analytical expressions for the breakage rate as functions of mill charge, mill speed, particle size, ball diameter, and ball load are derived, using idealized models for probability of breakage (Gaudin and Meloy), energy distribution (Mempel), and arithmetic mean of effective ball energy (Langemanns). Computational results using the theoretical equations are compared to experiments. The equations enable simulation of ball mill grinding at different grinding conditions.

Jan 1, 1973

Following is the personnel of the various society and national committees on which the A I M E is officially represented United Engineering Society Officers of the Board, 1921 JOHN VIPOND DAVIES, President CALVERT TOWNLEY, 1st Vice-president ALFRED D FLINN, Secretary WILLIAM L SAUNDERS, 2d Vice-president JOSEPH STRUTHERS, Treasurer Finance Committee House Committee CALVERT TOWNLEY, Chairman ALFRED D FLINN, Chairman GEORGE H PEGRAM . H S CROCKER WILLIAM L SAUNDERS BRADLEY STOUGHTON GEORGE M BASFORD CALVIN W RICE F L HUTCHINSON

Jan 1, 1923

By Bryan Denby

The curvilinear nature of shear strength envelopes for rock discontinuities may be simply and precisely represented by a power curve. The development of shear strength criteria applicable to rock discontinuities is reviewed and related to a theoretical basis for curvilinearity. An approach is reported to enable the quantification of the two power curve indices using a nomogram based on empirical studies. Using a knowledge of discontinuity basic friction angle and peak dilation angle the relevant indices ranges may be predicted for mine slope studies.

Jan 1, 1984

Tourism is the second largest industry in the Tasmanian copper mining center of Queenstown, Australia, but it is not the historic mine the tourists come to see. The attraction is rather the devastation the mine has brought to the surrounding countryside which has made Queenstown literally the most colorful mining town in Australian history.

Jan 6, 1972

By L. C. Raymond

Why, in an age when natural resources are available on a scale heretofore unknown, and when there is an unprecedented need for them to be developed, have would leaders been unable to find solutions which world concert the under-developed nations into developing nations? With investments in natural resources declining relative to world needs, it is necessary to reverse this senseless trend. This article is an examination of the paradox based on worldwide aspects of the mineral development field, and suggests a possible solution.

Jan 8, 1964

Montreal, April 6-7. "Resilient" and "bullish" were the terms used by R. D. Mushlitz of Asarco and K. C. Hendrick of Noranda Sales Corp. respectively, to describe the near term prospects for lead and zinc. The two men delivered their predictions at a joint meeting of the Lead Industries Association and the Zinc Institute held here. In speaking before a packed audience, Mushlitz insisted that "the lead industry is far from the sedentary one which many would have us believe, and although it may be slow and tortuous at times, . . . it is a viable and progressive industry which won't give up easily to the various pressures. . . . and, in the long run, will prevail."

Jan 5, 1972

Improvement of drilling operations through the development of new, unconventional drill bits is a prime research target at Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, N.M. Sandia is currently focusing efforts on four new bit designs which its engineers believe may eventually improve penetration and reduce operating costs. The Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) has budgeted $500,000 in support of this program to date. Two of the drill bits-one that chips rock with high voltage spark discharges, and another which fires small projectiles into the rock ahead of a regular roller bit-are designed to increase both penetration rates and downhole bit life.

Jan 8, 1975

By C. W. Merrill

Minerals research by the U.S. Bureau of Mines embraces the mining and metallurgical problems of some 80 metals and nonmetals excluding the mineral fuels. It requires the energies and talents of about 1400 persons, almost half of whom are professionally trained in the physical sciences or engineering. Of approximately $13 million appropriated to the Bureau for minerals programs in Fiscal Year 1962, 76% has been allotted to technologic research and 24% to resources examination and appraisal. In addition, almost $2 million will be made available to the Bureau for minerals research from other Government sources and from private organizations that wish to utilize Bureau experience and capabilities in cooperative studies.

Jan 11, 1961

By William P. Blake

In southern Arizona and in Mexico the word caliche is in general use to denote a calcareous formation of considerable thickness and volume found a few inches, or a few feet, beneath the surface-soil, upon the broad, dry, gravelly plains and mesas. , In western South America the same name is applied to the beds of crude soda-niter (Chili saltpeter). While these deposits of South America and of Arizona are totally different in composition, and have nothing in common, except that both occur in

Jan 1, 1902

By Richard E. Ellwanger

Methods of utilizing flocculents as settling and filter aids for mineral processing slurries are reviewed. Broad chemical classifications and techniques for proper dilution, multiple addition, and combination treatments are discussed. A variety of custom built and commercially available systems for makeup and delivery of flocculents to the application points are in use throughout the mining industry. Those concepts which, in the author's opinion, are particularly important to the successful makeup and we of flocculants are presented in relationship to the available makeup and feed systems. Actual industrial applications are included in the presentation.

Jan 1, 1982

US 4,185,193-Method of assaying the vicinity of a borehole for uranium ore or thorium ore. A pulsed neutron source IS operated to irradiate the earth formations with fast neutrons. A detector responds to the delayed fission neutrons emitted by the ore as a measure of ore concentration and to the delayed neutrons from oxygen-17 as a measure of the neutron output of the source. The measurement of ore concentration is corrected In accordance with the measured changes in the neutron output of the source. R L. Caldwell, assigned to Mobil Oil Corp. Jan. 22, 1980 4 pp (250-269). Filed: 5-18-78 (906,907).

Jan 1, 1982