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THE Howe Memorial Lecture, in memory of Henry Marion Howe, Past President of the Institute, was authorized in April, 1923, as an annual address to be delivered by invitation under the auspices of the Institute by an individual of recognized and outstanding attainment in the science and practice of iron and steel metallurgy or metallography, chosen by the Board of Directors upon recommendation of the Iron and Steel Division The following were the Howe lectures and lecturers for the years indicated 1924 What is Steel? By Albert Sauveur 1925 Austenite and Austenitic Steels By John A Mathews 1926 Twenty-five Years of Metallography By William Campbell

Jan 1, 1952

By J. F. Stiehr, R. L. Sanford, T. L. Myers

This paper summarizes the development of a Directory of Computer Programs Applicable to US Mining Practices and Problems. The directory is funded by the US Bureau of Mines and includes a sampling of computer usage in operating and manufacturing companies, consulting firms, computer companies, research organizations, universities, and various US government agencies. General references to computer applications throughout the mining industry are discussed as well as the availability of programs to interested organizations or individuals.

Jan 9, 1979

By Theron Wasson

During 1936 the state of Michigan produced 11,868,573 bbl. This is approximately 4,000,000 bbl. less than produced in 1935. The principle reason for the decrease in production over the previous year was the rapid decline of the Crystal field, which reached its peak in October 1935. The old producing area—Mt. Pleasant, Porter, Yost-Clark— accounted for over 7,000,000 bbl. during 1936. Crystal produced a total of 2,400,000. Outstanding among the old fields were Vernon and

Jan 1, 1937

Robe River is ready to go. After seven years of extensive drilling, sampling, pilot plant studies, negotiations with Japan and Australia and agonizing ups-and-downs in financing, this $300 million iron ore project in Western Australia is all set to rush project development to the production stage. Preliminary engineering completed, the combined efforts of Japanese, U.S. and Australian mining concerns will proceed with construction of the project's mining, processing, pelletizing and shipping facilities.

Jan 1, 1970

By Stanley M. Kaplan

As we all know, the electric-furnace operation consumes practically 100 pct cold steel scrap. This is in contrast to the operation of the open-hearth furnace, in which 40 pct or more of the charge may be hot metal. The problem of quality of scrap for the electric furnace is really twofold, and in the interest of simplification may be described under two headings: (I) physical specifications, (2) chemical composition. Shipment of electric-furnace scrap to meet required physical specifications is a relatively easy task. The scrap dealer is accustomed to preparing material to certain sizes and shapes. His employees readily execute orders when they are given in terms of length, width and thickness of the material to be loaded.

Jan 1, 1947

By William P. Shinn

MR. GAYLEY'S admirable paper on the " Development of American Blast-Furnaces" has set forth very fully the history of the development of the Edgar Thomson furnaces since the construction of Furnaces A and B ; but it throws no light on the genesis of these furnaces. That earlier history it is the purpose of the present paper to record. Mr. Gayley truly says: "A new era in the manufacture of pigiron began in 1880 with the putting in blast of the Edgar Thomson furnaces." That era had its beginning with the construction of

Jan 1, 1891

By Lowell B. Page

The White River Shale Project has completed a 5,000-foot production decline and a 30-foot diameter 1,010-foot deep shaft into its oil shale orebody in the Uinta Basin of eastern Utah. This is the first major underground access into these Green River deposits in this basin and provides an opportunity to establish and monitor in-situ rock mechanics stations as input to the mine engineering and planning of this large opening, high-tonnage mine. This paper discusses the history, mine development, and rock mechanics planning for this project.

Jan 1, 1984

By R. W. Raymond

IX the death of William H. Scranton, which occurred at Oxford, N. J., June 19, 1889, the Institute has been called once more to mourn the loss of a name from the fast diminishing list of those who constituted its membership in the first year of its existence. But it loses more than a name—a friendly presence and an intellectual force have departed ; a fruitful life has been cut short. Mr. Scranton was born in Belvidere, N. J., on the 13th of January, 1840. He was the eldest son of Colonel George W. Scranton, the

Jan 1, 1890

By Hans Rausch, Kurt J. E. Meyer

A PELLETIZING plant in Germany must be able to process ores of different origins, having quite different characteristics. This requirement was of great importance for the development of the Lurgi process. For the production of green pellets a ma- chine would, therefore, have to be capable of dealing with all kinds of raw materials, and hardening must be done in a furnace, the temperature of which is adjustable to the different temperatures of the ores. Making Green Pellets To produce green pellets, experiments were made on a number of machines, such as drums, vacuum extrusion presses, and compacting machines. In 1949, Lurgi was the first to use pelletizing discs to produce iron ore pellets; until then this type of machine had been used exclusively in the cement industry.

Jan 3, 1958

By M. J. Swan, W. C. Foshee, R. R. Klimpel

The large volume of water used in coal preparation plants makes water recycling a necessity. Economical cleaning of dirty water usually requires flocculation with an efficient organic polyelectrolyte. This paper discusses identification of optimum flocculant systems. Supporting laboratory data with on-site tests and full-scale field trails supplies information necessary for matching the polymer to the plant.

Jan 1, 1983

By Finn Ouchterlony

A simple bilinear R-curve description of crack extension resistance is applied to the testing of sub-size rock core specimens. The K-curve consists of a linear sub-critical part and a flat post-critical part. Formulas for the apparent energy rate resistance quantities Gm, Jm, and [R] are developed. Experiments on notched cores of Ekeberg marble, Bohus granite, and Stripa granite are compared with these predictions. The R-curve model gives reasonable results for Gm -data but fails essentially to describe the Jm and [R]-data. Another model with a sharply increasing linear post-critical part could possibly account for the [R]-data, but direct R-curve measurements seem a better approach.

Jan 1, 1982

Executive SIDNEY J. JENNINGS, Chairman GEORGE D. BARRON J. E. JOHNSON, JR. EDWIN LUDLOW ROBERT M. RAYMOND Membership KARL EILERS, Chairman LEWIS W. FRANCIS J. E. JOHNSON, JR. LOUIS D. HUNTOON ARTHUR L. WALKER Finance GEORGE D. BARRON, Chairman CHARLES F. RAND BENJAMIN B. THAYER Library E. GYBBON SPILSBURY,1 Chairman ALEX C. HUMPHREYS3 GEORGE C.' STONE2 J. H. JANEWAY4 BRADLEY, STOUGHTON Papers and Publications BRADLEY STOUGHTON, Chairman

Jan 7, 1918

By R. Stefanko, R. H. King, L. A. Morley

Coal mine fires, injuries and electrocutions, and many production delays have resulted from trailing cable splice failures. Research was carried out at The Pennsylvania State University to determine the failure causes and recommended solutions. The study revealed that current splice kit materials are generally adequate with the exceptions of connector flexibility, adhesives bonding, and abrasion characteristics of taped jackets. Research indicated that the most prevalent breakdowns result from workmanship defects. Therefore, guidelines for improved splice construction are reported in detail.

Jan 1, 1976

By Frederick Prime

TO an association like the one before which I read this paper, few questions can be more important and constantly recurring than the following, viz.: "What economy can be effected in the manufacture of American iron?" And it is the one with which I purpose to deal in this paper ; premising, however, that my object is merely to indicate the direction in which an answer should be sought for, rather than to give it myself. This subject may be divided into two parts, "Economy in the production of pig-iron," and "Economy in the manufacture of wrought-iron ;" but it is to the former alone that I shall confine myself this evening.

By W. C. Ashby, C. A. Kolar

Extensive reclamation experience in the midwest dates from the 1930s with trees, from the 1950s with pastures, and from the 1970s with row crops. Superior growth and productivity of mined land over unmined land can be shown for forest and pasture, related to type of rooting medium after mining and kinds of plants gown. Superior reclamation to crops is actively being studied. Recent regulations have greatly altered the potential for superior growth of trees, pastures, and crops.

Jan 1, 1984

By W. G. Cornwell, R. J. Hisshion

The development of a process for the treatment of telluride concentrates at Emperor Gold Mining Co. Vatukoula, is discussed. The concentrate is produced by flotation in cyanide solution immediately after milling. Two stages of cleaning are employed and a high-grade concentrate is produced usually containing more than 50% of the precious metal. The process developed in the first instance involved batch roasting followed by batch leaching in strong cyanide solution, recovering gold and silver only. The procedure currently employed is chemical oxidation of the tellurides using hypochlorite as the oxidant in a basic solution of a caustic soda and sodium carbonate. After oxidation the gold and silver are recovered by cyanidation. The residue is then leached with sodium sulfide and elemental tellurium precipitated with sodium sulfite.

Jan 1, 1977

By G. T. Lineberry, L. Adler

Reduced clearance a one of the most important characteristics of encumbered space in underground coal mining. Another key variable is the maximum velocity at which a piece of mobile mining equipment can operate in this limited space. Typical velocity-clearance curves for different mine transportation systems are developed and characterized. Applications of the relationships are examined, emphasizing their significance in designing and controlling mine materials handling system.

Jan 1, 1985

By Robert Lewis

Some recent experiments in the use of compressed air for rock drills at higher than usual pressures, up to 150 lb. per sq. in., emphasize the importance of maintaining the compressed-air system in the best condition if the greatest possible over-all efficiency is to be secured. No claim of high over-all efficiency can be made for the compressed-air system of braking that is used on railroad trains, yet the air brake works effectively. Compressed air is not used efficiently in the rock drill, but no other type of machine drilling is yet a serious competitor of the air-driven rock drill.

Jan 1, 1930

By A. M. Gaudin

MANY studies of comminution have been made to ascertain the size distribution of the product and to evaluate the work of comminution in the light of the size distributions of the feed and product. Up to now, these studies have been essentially statistical in character, that is, a certain lot of feed was subjected to comminution in some specified way, and the aggregate product was fractionated into sizes, thereby losing all knowledge of individual relationship of feed to product pieces. Radioactive tracers offer a means to do something in this respect which could not be done before, namely, to follow the rupturing of some particular piece in its normal environment of other pieces. That is, it permits going beyond the usual statistical limitations of size distribution studies to what may be termed a personalized or individualized study. The purpose of this paper is to present some preliminary experiments conducted with this tool.

Jan 11, 1951

By S. N. Sharma, William Davis

Because of diminishing energy resources and rising energy costs, every industry is forced to carefully examine its pattern of energy consumption. The copper industry is no exception; current smelting practice begs for technological innovations that would improve the efficiency of its energy utilization. The thermochemical simplicity of copper metal production, as shown in Fig. 1, is deceptive. Designed from the same basic principles, there are four major commercial processes either in use or under construction; and others, such as the Mitsubishi process, are being developed.

Jan 5, 1977