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By Arturo Tresierra C

El completamiento de los pozos es una de las fases más importantes en las operaciones de exploración de petróleo puesto que se invierte grandes cantidades en dichas perforaciones y exploraciones. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo, es definir los aspectos importantes en la selección de un método de completamiento en la zona de Talara, y que estos a su vez, sirvan de guías para contrarestar los factores, ya sea a favor o en contra de la selección de técnicas apropiadas según las diferentes circunstancias que se presenten. Asimismo se busca contribuir a determinar el método necesario de completamiento y la consiguiente evaluación del procedimiento elegido. El denominado"completamiento de pozos" responde a las operaciones donde un pozo pasa de la etapa de perforación a la etapa de producción. Los métodos de completamiento se dividen en dos grupos: Primero, están los forros o tubería de revestimiento, los cuales se colocan cubriendo los estratos petrolíferos; luego están aquellos, que se asientan sobre el tope de formación productiva. En este caso la formación productiva puede quedarse descubierta como ''hueco abierto". La verificación del problema de "completamiento" de hacerse antes de la perforación y es responsabilidad del personal de ingeniería de producción, puesto que tiene que recomendar tanto el procedimiento de completamiento, así como los futuros trabajos de reacondicionamiento- como de los de reservorio y lo geólogos. Asimismo la responsabilidad compete también a los ingenierios de reservorio como a los geólogos, dado que tienen mejores informaciones con respecto a las características de los estratos por atravesarse, sea la permeabilidad, porosidad, saturación, fluidos, dureza, compacticidad, clases de formaciones, etc. Finalmente, los factores de esta última recomendación incluyen la tubería de revestimiento, equipo de flotacíón, centralizadores, rascadores, circulación de lodo de perforación, cementación, cemento y aditivos, prueba de la tubería de revestimiento, perforación e inicio de la producción.

Jul 20, 1956

By Alfredo Ramos Castro

La Cerro de Pasco Corporation se encarga de la producción de minerales como el cobre, plomo, zinc, plata, bismuto y algunos subproductos entre los que está en el cadmio, selenio y telurio. Entorno a esta panorama, surge la creación de la planta de cadmio que busca obtener dicho producto refinado en los precipitadores Cottrell y el residuo de purificación de la Planta de zinc, a partir de las materias primas el polvo de los hornos de plomo recuperado. En este sentido, el texto describe los procesos de producción de cadmio refinado que van desde la obtención de la materia prima hasta el moldeo del cadmio refinado para la venta.

Aug 20, 1963

By L. B. Berger

Studies showing the effect of mixing hot exhaust gases with the intake air of a four-stroke-cycle Diesel engine are described. The results indicate a marked increase in carbon monoxide in tip exhaust gases, a decrease in oxides of nitrogen, and no significant effect on aldehydes. The increase in carbon monoxide was greater at higher fuel-air ratios and was caused partly by the increase in fuel-air ratio end partly by the decrease in oxygen concentration resulting when exhaust has was added. The application of these results to the use of Diesel engines underground is considered.

Jan 1, 1940

By D. D. Liu

This paper proposes a charge induction dust measurement method based on detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) for use in coal mine environments, based upon electrostatic interference, dust properties, wind speed, particle size, moisture content and other factors. In this methods, sequence x(t) is first obtained through a dust concentration sensing probe, and then the cumulative deviation y(t) is calculated, and y(t) is divided into same lengths. Secondly, a first-order linear fit is used for data of each interval, and mean-square deviation filtered DFA was calculated for each interval. Finally, the dust mass concentration of the corresponding time is obtain by supplemented calibration coefficient and fitted the data point which is the mean and square root for all lengths of interval. Simulation and verification experiments showed that the charge induction dust measurement method based on DFA can reduce coal mine electrostatic interference effects with high accuracy. The design has been successfully applied to select areas.

Aug 1, 2013

By K. C. Dean

A flotation method was developed by the Bureau of Mines for concentrating pollucite, a cesium-aluminum-silicate mineral that may contain from 20 to 40 percent cesium oxide. Separation of the pollucite from three typical ores was achieved by froth flotation of the associated micas, feldspars, and other gangue minerals, using sulfuric and hydrofluoric acids and a cationic-type collector. A low-tenor, 8 percent cesium ore from Maine was upgraded to 20 percent cesium with recovery of 87 percent of the cesium. Relatively high- grade ores from Canada and Southern Rhodesia were beneficiated at lower ratios of concentration to 28 and 29 percent cesium content respectively with recovery of over 92 percent of the cesium. In addition to concentrating the cesium content of ores, the method also effectively separates cesium from sodium, potassium, and lithium, and in certain ores from rubidium. This is accomplished by selective froth flotation of the alkali metal-bearing gangue minerals such as lepidolite, other micas, and feldspars. Since the alkali metals, especially potassium and rubidium, are difficult to separate chemically or thermally from cesium to prepare high- purity cesium products, separation by physical mans is important.

Jan 1, 1962

By Francis Church Lincoln

I. SITUATION AND SURROUNDINGS. THE Promontorio mine is situated at the northern end of the Sierra San Francisco de Coneto, in the town of Promontorio, Partido of El Oro, State of Durango, Mexico. As shown in the sketch-map, Fig. 1, the nearest railroad station is Chinacates on the Mexican International Railroad, 82 miles north of the city of Durango. The mine is 16 miles north of the station by air-line. It is reached by means of a good wagon-road which first crosses the Guatimapé Plain, passing the ranches of San Antonio and San Julian, to Estacion-a distance of about 15.5 miles-and then entering the mountains crosses the Sierra to Promontorio-a further distance of 11.5 miles¬making in all a distance of 27 miles by road from railroad to mine. Promontorio is just beyond the summit of the range, at an elevation of about 8,000 ft. above sea-level, or 1,350 ft. above the Chinacates station. The Castillo de San Francisco, the highest peak in the Sierra, has an altitude of 10,000 ft., and the Promontorio road crosses the summit of the ridge at an elevation of 9,000 ft. by a pass just below this peak known as the Puerto del Almagre. The Promontorio mill is situated at Santa Ives, 2 miles by tram or 3 miles by wagon-road to the north of Promontorio and about 600 ft. lower. The Sierra San Francisco de Coneto decreases in height towards the north and west till it comes to an end at the Melchor Arroyo on the ranches of Melchor and Ramos. Beyond this arroyo another range, the Sierra de la Candela, begins. In the vicinity of the Promontorio mine the hills are very rugged and the surface is furrowed by ravines which contain running streams during the rainy season-July, August and

Jan 1, 1908

By Neil Campbell

Abstract Following discovery on the Giant property of very promising gold deposits, some of which terminate against the steeply-dipping West Bay fault, a geological study was initiated co locate possible faulted extensions of the ore. Geological mapping revealed that the ore and the shear zones to which the ore is confined are older than the fault and therefore subject co displacement by it. It also disclosed several diabase dykes which seem co provide the best basis for determining the fault movement. After applying various techniques co determine their strikes and dips, the dykes were used as structural markers and it was estimated that, subject co certain possible errors, the movement on the fault was 16,140 feet (3.06 miles) south and 1,570 feet (0.297 miles) down on the west side relative co the ease. Evidence supporting this conclusion was obtained when subsequent deep diamond-drill holes intended to test the hypothesis cut an ore-bearing major shear zone which, so far as can be determined, is nearly identical with its present correlative on the Giant property. Introduction The fault under consideration follows a northerly trend past the west side of the original settlement of Yellowknife, which is situated 600 miles north of Edmonton and 400 miles from the Northern Alberta Railway terminus at Waterways, Alberta. The mining properties chiefly concerned include the southern part of the Giant claims, on the east side of the fault, and the Con-Rycon-Demelt claims, on the west side, 3Y2 miles to the south. Geological data were also obtained from the eastern part of the A. Y.E. property, which lies south of the Giant claims, and from the Negus, Meg, Yellorex, and Kam properties, which are south and southeast of the Con-Rycon-Demelt claims. Recognition of the major faults in the Yellowknife Bay area, including the West Bay fault which appears to be the greatest, resulted from the work of Dr. A. W. Jolliffe (McGill University, formerly of the Geological Survey of Canada) in 1935 and subsequent years. It has been stated with little exaggeration that these faults rank with the largest known steeply-dipping dislocations of the earth's crust. In the winter of 1939, a mineralized shear zone named the Creek Vein was found on the Giant property. It was noticed that the space relationship between the new shear zone and a body of quartz-feldspar porphyry is roughly the same as that between the Con C-4 shear zone and a body of acidic flows lying north of the Con property. Coupling this relation with the assumption that the movement along the fault is dominantly horizontal, it was postulated that the Giant shear zone represented the faulted extension of the Con C-4 shear.

Jan 1, 1947

By Donald W. Gentry

This paper presents some of the results of a rock mechanics in¬strumentation program designed for, and implemented at, longwall panel 4N at the York Canyon Mine near Raton, New Mexico. The objective of this particular instrumentation program was to determine the response of the rock mass to longwall mining of a thick coal seam utilizing shield-type supports. Measurements were made in the rock along the ground surface, above the coal seam, in the coal seam and immediately below the coal seam. Longwall test panel 411 had a total developed length of 762 m (2500 ft) and a face width of 168 m (550 ft). The seam mining height in the panel area was approximately 3 m (10 ft). The average depth of overburden above the panel is 107 m (350 ft) al¬though it ranges from 73-134 m (240 - 440 ft). Roof support at the face was provided by Hemscheidt shields. These shield-type supports weigh 11.4 metric tons each.

Jan 1, 1977

By J. Bartrum

Kidston Gold Mines is a 14 000 tonnes per day rated operation located 280 kilometers west of Townsville in Queensland. The principle shareholder is Placer Development Limited. Kidston's orebody consists of 44.2 million tonnes graded at 1.79 g/t gold and 2.22 g/t silver. Production commenced in January, 1985, and despite a number of control, mechanical and electrical problems, each month has seen a steady improvement in plant performance to a current level of over ninety percent rated capacity.

Jan 1, 1985

By M. Pope

By 1950, packaged oil and gas fired boilers were on the market for capacities up to 30,000 lbs./hr. By 1962, capacities were up to 100,000 lbs./hr. and even higher when separate heat traps (economizers and air preheaters) were attached to the boiler packages. During this period, complete packaged coal fired boilers were developed into the 10-15,000 lbs./hr. range. Oil and gas fired plant designs became very compact, "basementless", and far: less costly than the coal fired plants of any capacity. Coal fired plants remained large and expensive, required field erection of boilers and required basements. With the spectacular strides made in automation, oil and gas plants became far less costly to operate, requiring only the part-time attendance of a single operator. Some advances were made in coal fired plants, but not to the degree attained by the fluid fuel competition.

Jan 1, 1965

By V. I. Lakshmanan, R. Roy

"TiO2 is used in paints, plastics, rubber, paper, inks, textiles and other miscellaneous applications. The demand for the pigment grade Ti02 is growing at 3.0%/year on average and this invites the development of innovative and cost effective processes. The current processes are not designed to recycle the reagents and thereby discharge the effluents into the environment, causing an environmental concern.During this study, synthesis of TiO2 from an ilmenite concentrate was investigated using an innovative atmospheric mixed-chloride leach process. The solution purification was carried out using solvent extraction in two stages. In the first stage iron removal was carried out and in the second stage titanium was extracted. The strip solution obtained from the second stage solvent extraction contained the purified titanium and from this stream pigment grade Ti02 was recovered. The barren solution was used for reagent recovery and the regenerated leach liquor was recycled."

Jan 1, 2011

By DONALD E. BARNETT

Since the days of early settlement ew Brunswick has produced a variety of industrial minerals but it is perhaps only the recent discoveries of significant reserves of potash that have elevated the meaning of industrial minerals in their contribution to the provincial economy. With potash production commencing in July 1983, the role of industrial minerals will increase significantly to the value of mineral production in the province.

Jan 1, 1984

By Layton C. Binon

Exploration budgets are commonly determined by "rules of thumb" such as a percentage of earnings or other fiscal measure. An appropriate exploration budget is the amount needed to achieve the goals of the company. It can be determined by discounting the income expected from achieved goals. Budgets for individual projects are determined in a similar manner except that risk of failure is included in the computation.

Jan 1, 1981

Gold rooms represent a high security area and preventing theft is a challenging task. Where gravity concentrates or high value unit intermediate products are present, particular and specific security procedures must be put in place. This paper describes the development and implementation which reflects best practice in gold room security. Procedures involving key holder systems, key locks, swipe cards and double locks preventing any one person having access to the gold room, including specific procedures for gravity gold concentrators, will be addressed. The use of monitoring and how to deal with alarms and potential hold ups will be reviewed. The use of cameras and archival DVD recorders is common in gold rooms. The use of electronic surveillance, movement detectors, seismic monitors and the two person policy and gold room entry procedures are described, including how to deal with visitors. The importance of confidentiality regarding smelting and gold pick-up days, plus strategies employed to minimise storing large quantities of gold on site will be presented. The role of metallurgical accounting in providing quality auditable information and the minimum standards of record keeping required is discussed. The role of the Gold Squad will be outlined. Regular auditing and risk analysis and several case studies are cited where security was deficient or improved.

Aug 1, 2010

By S. D. Michaelson

Open pits and quarries are the major sources of all "hard rock" tonnage mined today. Normally, ore is fractured from the pit face by blasting and then truck-hauled to a primary crusher where processing begins; over- burden (or waste) is generally truck-hauled from the pit to dump areas. Truck haulage of blasted ore and overburden accounts for some 25 to 50 percent of total mining costs in a typical open pit and commonly is the largest single cost factor. Obviously then, cost reduction efforts should properly focus on improving existing haulage systems and developing new breakthrough techniques for material transport. Continuous flow systems for large tonnages ordinarily will result in a lower cost than batch systems such as truck or rail haulage. Continuous flow with pipelines for liquids and slurries, or conveyors for medium to coarse dry materials (in the -8 in. range) are the accepted economic answers for bulk materials handling over reasonable distances.

Jan 1, 1968

By Raja V. Rarnani, Robert L. Frantz

More than 100 scientists from diverse professional backgrounds have contributed their expertise to the Dust Center as investigators. Approximately 50 researchers served as principal investigators, with responsibility for directing the work on Center projects, from experimental design and implementation in mines and in laboratories to coordination of efforts within the research infrastructure of the Center. The professional biographies which follow demonstrate the breadth and depth of research capabilities brought to the Center by its principal investigators.

Jan 1, 1995

By Willard C. Lacy

Survival of the mining industry as a viable economic entity in the United States is being seriously threatened by declining grades of ore reserves, rising operational and capital costs, and increased governmental taxes, restrictions, and subsidizing of third world competition. Discovery of major high-grade deposits is becoming increasingly unlikely. International competitiveness of the U.S. deposits will depend upon 'Yankee Ingenuity', innovations in mining methods, metallurgical treatment, and financial arrangements, and a viable national strategy. This will require not only effective management for control of operations, but management that encourages breakthroughs in technology, financing, labor relations, and in public and governmental understanding. The mine geologist and the exploration geologist both have important roles to play in all aspects of this fight for survival of the industry.

Jan 1, 1984

Amercable, Inc. Andalex Resources, Inc. ARCO Coal Company Behre Dolbear & Company, Inc. Colowyo Coal Co. L.P. Continental Conveyor & Equipment Company Crane & Hoist Sales Crested Butte Mountain Resort Cyprus Amax Coal Co. Energy West Mining Company The Falkirk Mining Company Fleischli Oil Co. Inc. Halbach & Braun Industries Hemscheidt Corporation GH Henley Industries Ingersoll-Rand Co. Jennmar Corporation Joy Technologies, Inc. K & P Sales Engineers, Inc. Kennametal, Inc. Kerr-McGee Coal Corporation L & H Welding & Machine Co. McLanahan Corporation National Coal Association The North American Coal Corporation Northwestern Resources Company Peabody Western Coal Company Phillips Machine Service Pincock Allen & Holt Ramsey Technology, Inc. Rust Tractor Company Salt River Project Schroeder Industries Stamler Corporation TerraMatrix TIC (The Industrial Company Wyoming, Inc.) Trapper Mining Inc. Wagner Equipment Company Western Energy Company Wheeler Machinery Company

Jan 1, 1994

By Ernest Hucke

This paper will cover basic pneumatic and electronic sensors, transducers, transmitters and their application in the Mining Industry.

Jan 1, 1965

By Charles Vaught, Jeff Duncan, Michael J. Brnich, Lisa J. Steiner

This document contains most of the materials needed to use the exercise. The main part of the document is the instructor's copy. It tells how to use the exercise, presents the objectives, the master answer sheet, the scoring key, and discussion notes to be used following the exercise. The next section summarizes results from field tests of the exercise, and reports the miners' evaluation of the activity. The last part of this document is three appendices. Appendix A is the exercise problem booklet. This booklet can be duplicated locally. The booklets are reusable. One is needed for every person in the classroom. Appendix B is the answer sheet. Copies of this answer sheet must have the latent image (invisible) ink answers that appear in Appendix C printed on them.3 Answer sheets are consumable. One is needed for each person or each small group of persons who work the exercise. Exercise Summary Read this section first. It determines if the exercise is appropriate for your classes. If you choose to use the exercise, examine the table of contents and review the remainder of this document. Type: Latent image Audience: Remote control and extended cut miner operators and face crews Length: Eight questions (30 minutes for administration plus 30 for discussion) Skills: Remote control mining procedures including remote control mining, taking extended cuts, resetting breaker on mining machine, and setting timbers. Communicating mine conditions, influencing safe behaviors when mine conditions are less than stable Location: Underground coal mine, four section continuous mining operation Average seam height is 48 inches Problem: Your regular job is on the general labor crew at Cripple Creek #9 mine, a four section continuous mining operation. The mains are 9 entries wide and panels are 5 entries across. You and the rest of the crew had annual refresher training about 3 months ago. For the past few days you have been sent to 2 South panel to fill in as the third shuttle car operator. This morning, however, your buggy is down. The face boss asks you to get the scoop and take seven or eight timbers to the number 5 entry because the last shift got off sight line. The miner will be working in entry 5 while the bolter crew pins entry 4. When you get up to the face you see that Mo, the remote control continuous miner operator, has rounded off the left inby corner in order to make his first cuts in the right hand rib. Now, he has squared around enough so that you and Red, the miner helper, can set some posts on the corner. The two of you set posts along the left inby rib of #5 entry while the shuttle car operator waits. You are in a tight spot when Mo decides to start mining. You must decide where the best place is to stand for safety and to be out of the way.

Jan 10, 1999