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By Philip C. Tully

This bibliography contains 3,062 different citations to technical and scientific literature about helium and alpha-particles abstracted by 13 abstract service publications during 1963. Multiple subject classification has increased the total number of entries to almost 5,000. Helium citations are listed by 23 major classifications. The number of subclassifications has been greatly increased to minimize the time required for literature search. The use of automatic data processing has been extended in compiling the bibliography.

Jan 1, 1970

By D. Randolph Berry

The objective of this program was to develop a system to extinguish coal mine fires by remote sealing of the underground passageways. The system developed had to be versatile enough to function under a wide range of operating conditions, including large variations in passageway geometry, depth of mine, water conditions, both in the mine and at the surface, and rubble in the mine passage. The system developed had to include instrumentation for the remote probing of the passageway prior to sealing, a system for sealing the mine passages, and instrumentation for remote monitoring of the quality of the seal during and after construction. These objectives were successfully achieved during this program. The remote mine sealing capability of the system was satisfactorily demonstrated in a field test conducted at the Eastern Associated Coal Corporation Federal No, 1 Mine in Grant Town, West Virginia.

Jan 1, 1973

Endless lines at service station gasoline pumps, limited travel at reduced speeds, thermostats set at an uncozy sixty-eight degrees in the dead of winter-these are but a few of the inconveniences and discomforts that awakened Americans to a realization that our domestic minerals resources, traditionally taken for granted, are not boundless. We begin to accept and practice principles of conservation, yet we are aware that this alone cannot appreciably forestall the inevitable depletion of our minerals, metals, and fossil fuels-resources critical to our Nation's economy. The key to warding off shortages is the development of technology that will insure a continuing, adequate supply of minerals and energy from reliable sources at the lowest possible costs to society and the environment. The mission of the Bureau of Mines is to develop this improved technology. Established in 1910, the Bureau of Mines of the Department of the Interior is the Federal Government's primary research arm in the minerals and fossil fuels fields. In addition to its research role, the Bureau keeps the Government informed of the Nation's mineral posture. The Bureau also seeks to stimulate private industry, through the awarding of grants and contracts, to produce minerals and fuels at a rate compatible with the country's increasing demands.

Jan 1, 1974

Maps To Accompany Bulletin 418

Jan 1, 1941

By Daniel Harrington

On the night of June 8, 1917, the flame of a carbide lamp accidentally set fire to the uncovered and frayed insulation of an armored power cable near the 2,400-foot level of the North Butte Mining Co.'s Granite Mountain shaft. How this insulation accidentally became exposed is explained on page 15. The highly flammable oiled fabric set fire to the shaft timbers, and as this is a downcast shaft the fire spread with great rapidity, soon filling the mine workings with smoke and gas. At the time 410 men were working underground, 247 of whom escaped by various means, but most of the 163 remaining were probably overcome soon after the lire started, and perished. Only two men were actually burned. The cause of the disaster was purely accidental. The immediate effect was the unexpected reversal of normal conditions; the ultimate effect was great loss of life and the destruction of the main hoisting shaft, putting it temporarily out of service. The work of rescue and fire fighting continued eight days. The following pages present an attempt to draw some practical conclusions and suggestions from this disaster. The property of the North Butte Mining Co. consists of about 220 acres in the northeastern part of the Butte district, Montana. Next to the Anaconda Copper Mining Co. it is the largest pro¬ducer of the district. In 1916, the year before the disaster, there were 1,160 men employed. The output was 560,947 tons of ore, which yielded 24,498,181 pounds of copper, 1,047,063 ounces of silver, 1,712 ounces of gold, and 412,953 pounds of zinc. The profit was $2,479,595. The total development work for that year was 21,694 feet. During the first half of 1917, the year of the accident, the daily tonnage of ore averaged 2,000, an increase of 400 tons over that of the year 1916.

Jan 1, 1922

Coal-bearing regions cover about 18,464 square miles or one third of Iowa, primarily in the south-central part of the state. Coal quality ranges from subbituminous to high volatile bituminous. Iowa's coal reserves are estimated to be 2.2 billion tons, less than one-half of one percent of total U.S. reserves. Coal beds are typically thin seams with a maximum thickness of five feet. Coal deposits in Iowa were fist mined in the 1840s for blacksmithing and domestic purposes. Demand for coal increased with the use of coal to fuel steamboats and railroads. Production peaked in 1917, when Iowaproduced9 million tons of coal. Since then, conversion to natural gas and fuel oil has decreased the demand for coal. Today, electrical power generating plants have created a continuing, but declining, demand for Iowa's coal. Coal production in Iowa is by surface mining methods. The Iowa regulatory program was conditionally approved January 21, 1981. Full approval was received March 28,1982, and the Abandoned Mine Land Program was approved March 28, 1983.

Jan 1, 1992

By Launa Mallett, Charles Vaught, Michael J. Brnich

Purpose: This training material focuses on the content of emergency warning messages. Research has shown that when an emergency occurs, people often do not get the information they need for the purpose of taking appropriate action. This safety talk presents a procedure, using mental cues that can be used by senders and receivers of emergency warnings. Intended Use: This material has been developed for use in short safety-training sessions such as start-of-shift safety or Atoolbox@ talks. The information can be presented in approximately fifteen minutes and is appropriate for workers at all experience levels. While the examples and illustrations are taken from the underground coal mining industry, the training can be tailored to any work setting by substituting appropriate examples. Materials Needed: The instructor will need to prepare the figures provided in a form that can be seen by the entire class. Suggested methods include the use of: (1) overhead transparencies, (2) laminated pages that can be held up for small groups, and/or (3) handouts with copies of the figures for each trainee. As a supplement, stickers featuring the communication triangle can be placed on hard hats, telephones or other communication devices to remind workers about the key to effective emergency communication. The Talk: The accompanying script is a guide for presenting this safety talk. Training is enhanced if these materials are covered but not simply read by the trainer. Examples given in this guide are from real experiences. To make training more interesting and effective, the instructor can substitute examples from his/her workplace. Additional Resources: The following references will provide further information about communications during emergencies. Auf Der Heide, E. (1989). Disaster Response: Principles of Preparation and Coordination. The C.V. Mosby Company, St. Louis. Mallett, Launa, Charles Vaught, and Michael J. Brnich Jr. (1993). A Sociotechnical Communication in an Underground Mine Fire: A Study of Warning Messages During an Emergency Evacuation@, Safety Science, 16, pp. 709-728. Nigg, J.M. (1987). A Communication and Behavior: Organizational and Individual Response to Warnings@ in Sociology of Disasters: Contributions of Sociology to Disaster Research, R.R. Dynes, B. De Marchi, and C. Pelanda (eds.), Franco Angeli, Milan, Italy, pp. 103-116.

Jan 10, 1999

By Douglas F. Scott

Zinc, silver, copper, and tungsten are the principal minerals in Dardanelles RARE II area (No. 4982). Zinc with associated silver and copper occurs in a persistent shear zone in metasedimentary rocks and in a massive sulfide vein; tungsten occurs as disseminated scheelite in a tactite zone along a metasedimentary-intrusive rock contact. Since 1883, approximately 100 lode mining claims have been recorded, mainly it the eastern portion of area No. 4982 (fig. 1). Extensive workings on the Alhambra Prospect indicate past production; however, no records were found for the prospect. At the Alpine Mine, 500 tons of tungsten ore had been mined before 1943 (Hopson, 1943, p. 1) and possibly 1,000 tons of tungsten ore mined by 1947 (Benson, 194/, pp. 2).

Jan 1, 1982

By A. C. Fieldner

This report is the fourth of a series of annual summaries of research and technologic work on coal by the Technologic Branch of the Bureau of Mines. The coal research program of the Bureau has been broadened and made more flexible to adapt it to changing conditions and needs of the coal industry, and as a result information as to the properties and composition of coal has been increased and new and improved practices in mining, preparation, and utilization of coal have been devised. The present

Jan 1, 1940

By Fraser M. Walsh

The objective of this program was to determine by laboratory experiments the kinetics and mechanics of the reactions that produce acid in coal mine drainage. The program was divided into three phases: In Phase I, five coil mines, representative of Appalachian coal mines, were chosen for sampling and an experimental design was identified suited to accomplish the program objectives. In Phase II, the five mines were sampled and test protocols applied. The results showed most pyrite weathering to be based on oxidation in the presence of water. Iron bacteria, especially Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, catalyzed the rate of pyrite weathering by a factor of three. An increase in initial iron concentration in a system that modeled the nine environment acted to inhibit bacterial catalysis of weathering. In Phase III, five tailings piles were sampled and the material obtained was used to evaluate this method of bacterial catalysis inhibition. The evaluation verified method effectiveness; inhibition of over 80% of the release of weathering products was observed.

Jan 1, 1982

By William O. Vanderburg

This report3/ gives the results of a reconnaissance of mining districts in Eureka County, Nevada, made from September 25 to October 20 and from October 27 to November 5, 1577. During this time, virtually all the districts were visited and many data obtained on active and inactive properties. This report covers the locations of the various districts, geological background, ownership and brief descriptions of mines and prospects, information on past and current operations, and, other data likely to be useful to those interested in the development of our mineral resources. From the viewpoint of past production in the county, the silver-lead-gold deposits at Eureka have been tie most important, followed by the silver deposits at Cortez and Mineral Hill. The period of greatest activity in the foregoing districts was from 1870 to 1990, when Eureka was one of the principal mining areas in Nevada; the production of lead was sufficient to affect its price in all the commercial centers of the world. Eureka also merits the distinction of being the birthplace of the silver-lead smelting industry in the United States.

Jan 1, 1938

By Fredrick L. Johnson

The Jerry Peak, Jerry Peak West, and Boulder Creep: Wilderness Study Areas contain no identified mineral resources. Two workings, a 20-ft-long adit and a pit, were found in Paleozoic, brecciated, limonitic jasperoid in the east part of the Jerry Peak Wilderness Study Area (WSA), but no significant metallic mineral values were noted. Lenses and pods of quartz containing copper minerals occur in Paleozoic sedimentary rocks 1/2 mi north of the Jerry Peak West WSA. Similar rocks crop out along Pine Creep: in that study area but no copper-bearing quartz lenses were found.

Jan 1, 1984

By Robert Stefanko

This report abstracts project work performed for the USBM Grant No. GO-133077 during the period 19 June 1973 to 15 October 1974. Five reports have been separately produced and are as follows: 1. Mine Electrical Systems Evaluation - Cable Splicing, 2. Mine Electrical Systems Evaluation - Explosion-Proofing of Mine Containers, 3. Mine Electrical Systems Evaluation - Transient Analysis, 4. Mine Electrical Systems Evaluation - Mine Power System Performance, and 5. Mine Electrical Systems Evaluation - Model Coal Mine Electrical System Specifications. Abstracts of each comprise the balance of this executive summary, and 50 copies of each volume have been forwarded to the USBM under the terms of the grant agreement.

Jan 1, 1974

By Chas. F. Jackson

The annual reports of the supervising engineers of the nine sections comprising the Mining Division are assembled here and constitute the annual report of the division. In planning activities the aim is to adapt them to changes in conditions, in the needs of the mining industries, and in the public interest; those that contribute most to solving the present problems are emphasized, investigations of less immediate importance being recessed if necessary. The strategic minerals investigations of the bureau afford an example of this change in emphasis to problems of immediate and urgent interest, and during 1941 they comprised, upon the basis of appropriations and expenditures, more than 90 percent of the work of the division.

Jan 1, 1941

The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) defines an independent contractor as “any person, partnership, corporation, subsidiary of a cor-poration, firm, association or other organization that contracts to perform services or construction at a mine.” Contractors that perform specific types of work are required to report the number of employees who work at coal mines and noncoal mines.

Sep 1, 2007

The Bureau of Mines Minerals Information organization collects worldwide data on virtually every commercially important non fuel mineral commodity. These data form the base for tracking and assessing the health of the minerals sector of the U.S. economy. This data collection activity was instituted by the 47th Congress in an appropriations act of August 7, 1882 (22 Stat. 829), to place the collection of mineral statistics on an annual basis. The most recent authority for the Bureau of Mines Minerals Information activity is the National Materials and Minerals Policy, Research and Development Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-479, 96th Congress), which strengthens protection for proprietary data provided to the U.S. Department of the Interior by persons or firms engaged in any phase of mineral or mineral-material production or consumption.

Jan 1, 1984

By Olman Hee

This study investigates the identity and relative importance of factors affecting the future demand for phosphate rock, potash, and nitrogen. The main objective is to analyze demand relationships for these chemical raw materials for some specified past period, and to utilize this information to make projections of consumption into some designated future period. The end-use approach is used, which divides total consumption of each chemical raw material into agricultural, industrial, and export use. Multiple regression analysis is employed to statistically measure the relative effects of the different factors on consumption in each end use. The general method centers on the construction of a consumer demand model, the fitting of the respective equations in the model, and the interpretation of the statistical results. Direct and cross price elasticities of demand are computed for each end use of the chemical raw materials. These give an insight into expected changes in consumption with respect to given changes in price. The results of this study indicate that price, consumer income, and level of technology are factors which measurably affect consumption of chemical raw materials. For phosphate rock and potash, the agricultural and industrial end uses showed an inelastic demand, whereas for nitrogen, all end uses (including export use) exhibited an elastic demand. Among the chemical raw materials, average annual growth of consumption of nitrogen for agricultural and export uses to 1980 is expected to be notably higher than that for phosphate rock and potash.

Jan 1, 1969

By E. H. Burroughs

This bulletin is the sixth in the series of petroleum bibliographies published by the Bureau of Mines, Bulletins 149, 165, 180, 189, and 216 being compilations for the years 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, and 1919- 1920, respectively. In this bulletin the same general plan has been followed in arranging the references, but one or two additions have been made in the classification.

Jan 1, 1921

The annual reports of the supervising engineers of the nine sections comprising the Mining Division are assembled here and constitute the annual report of the division. In planning activities the aim is to adapt them to changes in conditions, in the needs of the mining industries, and in the public interest: those that contribute most to solving the present problems are emphasized, investigations of less immediate importance being recessed if necessary.

Jan 1, 1941

By Albert L. Brautigam, Michael R. Yenchek, Jeffrey Shawn Peterson, James C. Cawley

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health investigated how the starting of induction motors may cause nuisance tripping of short-circuit protection on coal mine power systems. This research had a dual purpose: 1) to identify how motor-start waveforms differ from those for short circuits and 2) to devise a method to provide short-circuit protection without intentional time delays to account for motor starts. This technology will help ensure that surface temperatures of energized electrical apparatus will not exceed gas or dust ignition thresholds when short circuits occur.