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By John M. Hird

A section of unstable overburden that has hampered an all-dragline mining operations at Texasgulf's phosphate mine in eastern North Carolina, is being successfully removed by hydraulic dredging. Blocks are dredged, drained, and developed ahead of two large draglines that strip the remaining overburden and mine the 12-m section of ore. Dredging assistance has increased ore production, increased ore recoveries to a maximum, reduced unit costs, and has made it possible to reclaim mined-over land that would be left underwater mined by all dragline methods.

Jan 1, 1981

By W. F. Shinners

Ozark Ore Co.'s Iron Mountain mine utilizes optimum mechanization to provide ever increasing output from underground as production declines from open pit. Trackless equipment gave flexibility to meet varied mining conditions-required minimum of pre-production development.

Jan 4, 1953

By John S. Alexander

The typical block coal of the Brazil (Indiana) District differs in chemical composition but little from the coking coals of Western Pennsylvania. The physical difference, however, is quite marked; the latter has a cuboid structure made up of bituminous particles lying against each other, so that under the action of heat fusion throughout the mass readily takes place, while block coal is formed of alternate layers of rich bituminous matter and a charcoal-like substance, which is not only very slow of combustion, but so retards the transmission of heat that agglutination is prevented, and the coal burns away layer by layer, retaining its form until consumed. This property permits the use of raw block coal in the furnace but theo-

By J. C. Kerkering, J. C. Franklin, T. O. Meyer, R. W. McKibbin

Abstract-A continuous survey of radon gas was made in two interconnecting stopes in a southwestern U. S. uranium mine to determine how the various phases of the mining cycle affected the radon concentration. The radon was monitored continuously with five detectors. One detector monitored the intake air, one the exhaust air, and three the stope air. The radon concentrations present during slushing, blasting, and exhaust fan shutoff were compared with concentrations on a nonwork day as a base level. Inside the stope, the radon concentration increased about 40% during slushing and 425% after blasting. Intake air radon increased 1600% and the stope air increased 550% while the surface exhaust fan was off.

Jan 6, 1978

WALLACE E. PRATT, Wichita Falls, Tex. (written discussion *).-The age of the oil in the southern Oklahoma fields, Mr. Powers concludes, is Pennsylvanian, or in part, possibly, pre-Pennsylvanian. In a later paper,1 he recognizes the Ordovician age of the small production from the Bullhead A. Daney, No. 14, in the Healdton field. But nowhere does Mr. Powers admit the possibility of oil of Permian age in southern Oklahoma. Yet shallow oil in the adjacent north Texas fields. (Electra, Burkburnett, and Petrolia), which are generally conceded to be closely related to the fields of southern Oklahoma in geological aspect, may very well be of Permian age. Dr. Udden has already discussed this question,2 noting the organic nature of the limestone, outcropping near Electra, together with other evidence that organic material was present if not abundant, originally, in Permian rocks: The Permian rocks in north

Jan 3, 1918

Univ of Alabama-University, Alabama-Mining and Metallurgical Society William L Mason, Faculty Sponsor, E C Wright, Dept Head Univ of Alaska-College, Alaska-Mining Society of the Univ of Alaska Douglas W Huber, Faculty Sponsor, E H Beistline, Mining & Metallurgy Dept Head, Troy L Pewe, Geology Dept Head, James Crawford, Chapter Counselor Univ of Arizona-Tucson, Arizona-Miners Society Willard C Lacy, Faculty Sponsor, J D Forrester, Mining & Metallurgy Dept Head, F W Galbraith, Geology Dept Head Univ of California-Berkeley, California-Mineral Technology Association H E Hawkes, Faculty Sponsor, Joseph A Pask, Dept Head

Jan 1, 1959

By J. Clayton Nichols

The principal mines of this region are 7 miles SE. from Gusa, and about 4 miles in a direct line from the seacoast. Gusa is a small town on the north coast of Mindanao, 4 miles east from Cagayan, the capital of the province of Misamis. The mines are reached by steep, narrow trails over ridges varying in altitude from 1100 to 1600 feet above sealevel. The whole region is covered with a thick growth of tall grass, except a few spots on the sides of some of the hills, where there are patches of timber and jungle.

Jan 1, 1902

By Alan B. Nicol, W. T. Parry

The outcome of these tests has been twofold. They have served to demonstrate that the tiltmeter is a useful and dependable instrument which could prove to be of significant value in reaching the goals of landslide prediction and control, and they have raised a good many more questions about the mechanism of slides than they have answered. It seems likely that many of the old concepts and assumptions will be modified or discarded as more knowledge of actual field phenomenon is gained. Safety and economy are paramount concerns in determining slope stability. These two considerations govern the feasibility and character of slope construction from start to finish.

Jan 1, 1970

By William P. Blake

The importance to the growing steel industry of the United States of a domestic supply of ferro-manganese or "spiegel" of a high grade, induces me to bring to your notice some details of the method by which a superior article is produced in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. At Reschitza, Hungary, and probably at Laibach also (the Krainische Industrie Gesellschaft), ferro-manganese is made in a blastfurnace, with charcoal as fuel, and limestone as the flux. The ore is a ferruginous mixture, containing about 37 per cent. of sesquioxide of manganese. It is silicious, and somewhat, resembles, in its appearance, the manganese ore from Red Island, in the Bay of San Francisco, California. It contains about 29 per cent. of silica and some alumina, shown by the subjoined analysis:

By R. W. Raymond

IX the death of William H. Scranton, which occurred at Oxford, N. J., June 19, 1889, the Institute has been called once more to mourn the loss of a name from the fast diminishing list of those who constituted its membership in the first year of its existence. But it loses more than a name—a friendly presence and an intellectual force have departed ; a fruitful life has been cut short. Mr. Scranton was born in Belvidere, N. J., on the 13th of January, 1840. He was the eldest son of Colonel George W. Scranton, the

Jan 1, 1890

By John L. Boardman

BECAUSE of the attention that has re¬cently been given to the health and safety of miners by various organizations such as the A.I.M.E., The American Congress, Mining Section, National Safety Council, as well as the Bureau of Mines and various state mining departments, your committee on health and safety deemed it best to call attention this year to the mine-accident cause that is by far the most important; namely, injuries due to falls of ground, rock, roof and coal. Each of several members of the committee contributed a brief outline of the importance of this accident cause in his district. While these papers were brief, it would require too much time and space to give them in full, therefore we present an outline of each and summation of all. REPORT OF M. D. COOPER, HILLMAN COAL AND COKE CO. M. D. Cooper, Division superintendent, Hillman Coal and Coke Co., Pittsburgh, Pa., contributed the following: During the period from 1930 to 1939, accidents from falls of roof in bituminous mines average 54.3 per cent of all accidents. In mechanized mining, there is a tendency toward reduction in this class of accidents because the operator of the machine is usually at a distance of 10 to 20 ft. from the face, whereas. in hand loading the miner is close to the face during most of the shift. No doubt the use of aluminum and light steel beams supported at regular intervals by jacks, a common practice in mechanical mining, has contributed to the favorable record so far developed. REPORT OF M. H. FIES, DE BARDELEBEN COAL CORPORATION Milton H. Fies, Vice-President, DeBardeleben Coal Corporation, Birmingham, Ala., says: With reference to the types of mining, it is suggested that a clear understanding be had as to the character and thickness of the directly overlying strata, with especial consideration to the strength and in some cases an analysis of it. In coal mining, generally speaking, overlying strata higher in silica than others is stronger. In changing from narrow to wide places, the procedure should be experimental, both as to the width and depth of places and as to the nature of the necessary timbering. Since most of the accidents in coal mining particularly are due to falls of roof and coal, this phase of mining should be attacked with vigor. There is no substitute for discipline and, in this connection, under present conditions it is important that cooperation by the labor organizations be sought and that a spirit of fairness prevail. Frequent and thorough inspection of all active working places should be made.

Jan 1, 1941

Gardner I?. Williams, authority on diamond mining, died at San Francisco, Cal., on Aug. 22, after an illness of nearly a year. Mr. Williams, who was in his eighty-first year, was born in Saginaw, Mich. He was graduated from the University of California in 1865, and afterward took a course at the Freiberg Mining Academy in Saxony. He was awarded the degree of LII. D. by the University of California in 1910, and Doctor of Engineering by the University of Michigan in 1917. Beginning in 1870, Mr. Williams spent two years as assistant assayer at the United States Mint in San Francisco. He successfully developed

Jan 1, 1923

ALFRED C. LANE, Tufts College, Mass. (written discussion*).-The attention of members may well be called by Allen to his discoveries, which affect not only correlations in Michigan but, as I have pointed out,1 the use of names like "Animikie" which are widely applied. It shows that one disadvantage of the wide use of locality names is that local discoveries may show that they are inappropriate. The Wewe hills were found not to contain the Wewe slate! So we note that Allen, in his correlation, drops the term Animikie, which his researches indicate covers both middle and upper Huronian: It would seem well, then, in dividing the Huronian or Proterozoic, to use, as Allen does, terms like upper, middle, and lower Huronian, or newer, middle, and early, which may be shortened into eo-, mio-, and neo-Huronian rather than to carry local terms far away; or we shall soon be

Jan 12, 1919

By N. O. Johnson, R. A. Westin

Polychlorinated biphenyls were the basis of non-flammable askarel dielectric liquids wed in electrical equipment made between 1929 and 1978. Although PCBs were widely used in mine electrical equipment, the toxicity and environmental persistence of this chemical led Congress to ban its manufacture and use. Bureau of Mines Information Circular 8838 summarizes the regulations imposed by the EPA on the use and disposal of PCBs, and describes the limitations of available substitutes. Recent changes in the regulations will impose additional requirements on the use of PCBs by the mining industry. This paper is an update of the material presented in the Bureau of Mines information circular.

Jan 1, 1983

By Hans Werner, Gunnar Almgren

An overview of the first Swedish Research mine at Mt Luossavaara, Kiruna, Sweden, is given, including its background, objective , program and expected results. The Research mine involves the spending of approximately US$ 32 Million over a five year period of which 30% are financed by the Swedish Government and remaining 70% by income from ore sales. The main objective will be to develop an underground mining system based on rock mechanical pre-investigations and blast hole stoping using big holes. The research program will include the following main components:

Jan 1, 1981

By G. A. Perry, C. D. Iles

The philosophy used in designing and writing Duval's Sierrita mine design programs is discussed. The Sierrita Incremental Design system (SID) is reviewed with emphasis on Pushback Extraction Design (PED). PED is a method by which predesigned pushbacks are sequenced into an optimized period-by- period design. The design that PED Produces is the design used in the field without further modifications. The advantage of SID is that it provides a practical, mineable open pit design. PED is not a theoretical design system. It is in operational use.

Jan 1, 1984

By Cleland N. Conwell

Reclaiming mined land in northern regions is less difficult than reclaiming semiarid lands. In 1972, the Usibelli coal mine near Healy, Alaska, initiated experimental plots to determine the proper grasses and amounts of fertilizer. The following spring, approximately 1600 acres of land disturbed by mining were seeded by low-flying aircraft. The reclamation project was evaluated by the State of Alaska and has been adjudged successful. The information gained is being used in reviewing prospecting permits and granting coal leases on state lands.

Jan 1, 1977

By Peter Stubbs

Mr. Agelopas is to be congratulated on a fine paper. Although the presentation was simple and concise, you will all appreciate that a great deal of hard work went into the development of this highly successful repair method. Earlier this year Bethlehem invited a group of our people to witness lug repairs at their Sparrow's Point plant. We have since made lug replacements on a trial basis using their method. The repaired moulds are now back in service. We will compare their performance with regular moulds and with moulds repaired by a technique developed by Dofasco weld shop personnel. I would like to explain briefly some of the various types of ingot mould repairs presently undertaken at Dofasco. The first problem will be familiar to most of you. The lower inside edge of a mould wall may be damaged by spalling, a runout or by the washing action of steel deflected from a badly worn stool cavity. We repair this type of damage by welding.

Jan 1, 1972

COMMITTEE IN CHARGE SPENCER PENROSE, Chairman A. E. CARLTON, Chairman Finance Committee GEORGE M. -TAYLOR, Vice-chairman. J. DAMSON HAWKINS, Secretary DENVER COLORADO SPRINGS Finance Finance T. B. STEARNS A. E. CARLTON RICHARD A. PARKER SPENCER PENROSE T. B. BURBRIDGE GEORGE M. TAYLOR A. L. BLOOMFIELD, Treasurer Arrangement Registration DAVE G. MILLER LOREN C. LENNOX FRANK BULKLEY HORACE F. LUNT GEO. E. COLLINS J. M. TIPPETT Entertainment Arrangement and Entertainment F. H. BOSTWICK GEORGE M. TAYLOR F. E. SHEPARD J. D. HAWKINS HOWLAND BANCROFT A. E. CARLTON B. P. MORSE A. L. BLOOMFIELD J. G. PERRY THOMAS B. CRONE E. P. ARTHUR ETIENNE A. RITTER CRIPPLE CREEK PUEBLO THOMAS B. CRONE J. F. WELBORN E. B. ARTHUR H. B. CARPENTER N. S. GREENSFELDER L. B. EAMES A. E. CARLTON F. ROBINSON B. F. HILL J. G. WILLIS

Jan 8, 1918

Gardner I?. Williams, authority on diamond mining, died at San Francisco, Cal., on Aug. 22, after an illness of nearly a year. Mr. Williams, who was in his eighty-first year, was born in Saginaw, Mich. He was graduated from the University of California in 1865, and afterward took a course at the Freiberg Mining Academy in Saxony. He was awarded the degree of LII. D. by the University of California in 1910, and Doctor of Engineering by the University of Michigan in 1917. Beginning in 1870, Mr. Williams spent two years as assistant assayer at the United States Mint in San Francisco. He successfully developed

Jan 1, 1923