Search Documents

By C. E. Shoenfelt

There were 110 important discoveries of either oil or gas in Co1orado in 1935. There was, however, further development of the Price structure in southern Colorado and developments since the first of the year indicate. that an important oil field may be in the making. The discovery of oil in Price structure was made by the Oil City Petroleum Co. late ill Novem-ber, 1934, in its No. 2 Garnett in the northeast corner of lot 3 in the SW.¼ of sec. 25-33N.-2E. This well developed a good showing of oil in Dakota sand at 970 ft. The hole filled up 15 ft. with 40° gravity oil overnight and after standing for several days the oil level was 400 ft. higher. As a result of the discovery of oil by the No. 2 Garnett, three wells were drilled by the William E. Hughes Estate. Two of these wells had good showings of oil and may make good producers but it is doubtful whether they will produce the estimated capacity of 500 bbl. each with which they have been credited. Although the Hughes Estate wells have been completed for some time, they have not been given thorough production tests because of the isolated position of the field and lack of proper facilities. The. first well drilled by the Hughes Estate was located on the west side of the Navajo River on the downthrow side of a fault. It encoun-tered water ill the Dakota sand at 1285 ft, and was abandoned in green shales of the Morrison at 1405 ft. Well cuttings from the Dakota sand showed some evidence of once containing oil, so a 1ocation was selected for No. 2 Fee on the east side of the river and on the upthrow side of the fault. Oil was discovered in Dakota sands ill 1935 by Continental Oil Co. in its No. 3 Hoye, NW.NW.NE. of sec. 34-9N.-78W., on the South McCallum anticline in North Park, Jackson County, Colo., but on account of heavy flows of carbon dioxide gas under high pressure it has been impossible for the company to get an accurate gage of the oil production. The freezing action of expanding carbon dioxide makes the producing of the oil difficult and costly.

Jan 1, 1936

By C. E. Shoenfelt

There were 110 important discoveries of either oil or gas in Co1orado in 1935. There was, however, further development of the Price structure in southern Colorado and developments since the first of the year indicate. that an important oil field may be in the making. The discovery of oil in Price structure was made by the Oil City Petroleum Co. late ill Novem-ber, 1934, in its No. 2 Garnett in the northeast corner of lot 3 in the SW.¼ of sec. 25-33N.-2E. This well developed a good showing of oil in Dakota sand at 970 ft. The hole filled up 15 ft. with 40° gravity oil overnight and after standing for several days the oil level was 400 ft. higher. As a result of the discovery of oil by the No. 2 Garnett, three wells were drilled by the William E. Hughes Estate. Two of these wells had good showings of oil and may make good producers but it is doubtful whether they will produce the estimated capacity of 500 bbl. each with which they have been credited. Although the Hughes Estate wells have been completed for some time, they have not been given thorough production tests because of the isolated position of the field and lack of proper facilities. The. first well drilled by the Hughes Estate was located on the west side of the Navajo River on the downthrow side of a fault. It encoun-tered water ill the Dakota sand at 1285 ft, and was abandoned in green shales of the Morrison at 1405 ft. Well cuttings from the Dakota sand showed some evidence of once containing oil, so a 1ocation was selected for No. 2 Fee on the east side of the river and on the upthrow side of the fault. Oil was discovered in Dakota sands ill 1935 by Continental Oil Co. in its No. 3 Hoye, NW.NW.NE. of sec. 34-9N.-78W., on the South McCallum anticline in North Park, Jackson County, Colo., but on account of heavy flows of carbon dioxide gas under high pressure it has been impossible for the company to get an accurate gage of the oil production. The freezing action of expanding carbon dioxide makes the producing of the oil difficult and costly.

Jan 1, 1936

Discussion o f Papers. Meetings of the Institute offer opportunity for social acquaintance and exchange of ideas, for the--presentation of papers, and-for discussions. thereon ; also incidentally for viewing under especially favorable conditions mining operations and industrial establishments, and for hospitalities which demonstrate the brotherhood clue to kindred interests. Placing sociability prominent is not to be assumed as relegating other features of meetings to subordinate positions; but during about 40 years of membership in the Institute, the value of acquaintances formed (often ripening into close friendship), and the interchange of data, have frequently demonstrated that the social feature of meetings is of great and lasting value to the membership. Of a roll embracing 4,011 members, resident in all parts of our country, and scattered in various portions of the world, only a small fraction are able to attend meetings, even if the localities selected are alternately widely separated. Hence, the return which most members receive for their annual assessment of dues is limited to the publications issued, and the credit of being recognized as a. member of a great and worthy organization. The greater the value of the contents of our publication, the fuller the return which goes to members. While the Institute disavows responsibility for views or statements made ill papers which appear in its Transactions, the fact that these contributions, after passing proper censorship, are accepted by the Institute and spread before the world may properly be received by the writers as endorsements of their (the writers') ability to present a specific technical or industrial proposition worthy of being carefully read. But the mere presentation and publication of contributed papers falls short of fulfilling one important feature of our meetings. If the purpose is confined to having the writers' views, discoveries, theories, or methods published, this can be obtained through the technical or trade journals and magazines. The true value of a paper presented at a meeting of the Institute may often be gauged by the discussion which it encourages, although there are contributions of decided value which do not especially invite discussion. However, most Of the papers offered contain statements apt to encourage criticism or elaboration by others whose experience or knowledge, or both, assist in combating or endorsing statements made.

Jan 7, 1913

In cold regions rinsing of spent cyanide leach heaps is stopped during winter and is resumed again after snow melts. The effect of this idle time on the overall cyanide removal process was studied in this work. Samples were collected for rinsing tests from one heap at the Ryan Lode Mine of Citigold Alaska, Inc., near Fairbanks. The material was tested for cyanide removal a large column, 1.22 m high by 20 cm square, and in a small column, 1.22 m high by 10 cm in diameter. The rinse water was analyzed at regular intervals to determine the rate of cyanide removal from the solids. It was found that diffusion plays a major role in the removal of cyanide from the ore particles. Calculations showed that the insulating effect of the snow cover on the heap provides an excellent moderates the interior temperature of the heap, and would be expected to help the progress of the diffusion reaction during winter. The result expected result wil1 be higher cyanide values reporting to the rinse water after snow-melt.

Jan 1, 1993

By Ellsworth Daggett

In the first paper on the Russell process presented by Mr. Stetefeldt, in May, 1884 (Transactions, xiii.), the process was treated from a purely theoretical standpoint.. 111 his second paper of October, 1886 (Transactions, xv,), the details of the plant, the chemicals used, and the manipulation in both mill and laboratory were treated. The aim of the present paper is to present economical results recently attained, new data affecting the preparation and manipulation of ore in the mill, and a more complete and systematic scheme of laboratory work. This paper is compiled mainly from Mr. Russell's notes of his own experience. Many of these notes, particularly those relating to work at Cusihuiriachic,* Mexico, have been upon work directly under the personal observation of the compiler, who takes pleasure in thus presenting to the Institute, data and considerations of much interest and value pot only to users of the Russell process, but to mill men generally. The description of the chemicals used and of the preparation of the mill-solutions being' in part the same now as when Mr. Stetefeldt's second paper was published, some use is here made of portions of that paper. No theoretical matter is here given. For a treatise containing also the theory of the process the reader is referred to Mr. Stetefeldt's complete work on " Lixiviation of Silver Ores by Hyposulphite Solutions," now in preparation. To facilitate the consultation of this paper, the following synopsis and index is prefixed. The figures in parenthesis indicate the page of this paper on which the subject is treated.

Jan 1, 1888

By H. I. Meyer

The mine is a large open-pit copper mine located near Tucson, AZ. Mining operations involve shovels digging at relatively fixed locations and haul trucks moving the muck to a primary ore crusher, a primary waste crusher, and directly to waste dumps. The total investment in shovels and trucks is some $100 million. Fig. l is a schematic drawing of the operation. A static method of truck assignment is used; i.e., each driver is given one particular shovel to serve until reassigned by the dispatcher. A dynamic system is one where trucks are reassigned after each trip. The problem is to compute a near optimum assignment of trucks for efficient operation.

Jan 1, 1979

By Michael R. Norland

Surface and subsurface stabilization of mining-related wastes through revegetation depends upon the physical, chemical, and biological condition of the waste following mining. Mining disturbances can significantly alter the soil physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of a site, reducing or eliminating mycorrhizal fungi from the soil. Mycorrhizae are economically and ecologically important because they can alleviate environmental stresses caused by lack of proper soil condition and because they are vital to stabilization of mining waste by increasing plant survival and biomass through increased nutrient and water uptake. This report discusses some of the ecological factors that may affect mycorrhizae-plant associations on mining-related wastes and provides general information on mycorrhizae inoculation technology.

Jan 1, 1993

By G. Paillard, I. E. Puddington, A. F. Sirianni, F. W. Meadus

Experiments with some selected Nova Scotia coals and a single sample of American anthracite, reconstituted in granular form with lower sulphur and ash contents by spherical agglomeration methods, are described. The effect of different bridging liquids, grinding times, gangue depressents and modes of agitation on the final product are discussed. The application of agglomeration techniques as a means of drying wet coal fines is also noted.

Jan 1, 1968

By R. E. Chaney

This report summarizes the research on the Strategic and Critical Materials Program tasks conducted at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) between May 1984 and April 1985. The work is divided into two areas: 1. Production Technologies - Tasks directed at developing advanced extraction technologies ? Biologically-Assisted Minerals Processing ? Metal/Gas Reactions and Thermal Plasmas ? Dehydration of Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate (completed). 2. Conservation/Substitution Technologies - Tasks directed toward establishing the technical processing base which will permit the use of advanced materials ? Joining of Rapidly Solidified Alloys (RSA) ? Joining of Silicon Nitride-Based Ceramics ? Nondestructive Evaluation of Ceramic and RSA Joints and Materials ? Substitute Catalytic Materials for Platinum.

Jan 1, 1985

By Renan Barrio de Mendoza

"El presente texto señala la aplicación de nuevas tecnologías conceptos para reducir u optimizar el consumo de energía, como los costos de operación en los procesos metalúrgicos. Así, el uso eficiente de la energía en la actividad minera tiene su impacto en la sociedad -en tanto se emplee adecuadamente en las etapas del tratamiento del mineral. Cabe recordar que en las operaciones de reducción de tamaño de partículas es más barato volar que chancar, así como chancar que moler."

Jul 1, 2015

By James P. Kimball

AMONG the curious results of the recent advance of prices in the iron trade of the United States, one of them at least is to be regarded as of great importance. I allude to the utilization of mill cinder as a cheap and almost costless substitute for high-priced iron ores in many blast furnaces, situated within easy reach of such raw material. It has been, with but few exceptions, the practice in this country, based upon tradition rather than upon authority or European precedents, to waste this material on 'account of its high proportion of silicic and phosphoric acids, although known to contain more iron than most ores, and although also known to be sometimes applied to the blast furnace in greater or less quantities without serious detriment to the iron for specific purposes. While in use to a limited extent in the Hocking Valley and Hanging Rock iron regions of Ohio for several years, its use in Western Pennsylvania has only become general of late, under the exigencies of high prices and a short supply of ore. Especially has mill cinder largely entered into the stock of furnaces attached to rolling mills in and about Pittsburgh. Under such circumstances the cinder pig has been paddled on the premises, and the malleable iron produced has been unexpectedly good. Cautiously as at first mill cinder has been applied, it is evident that the temptation to use it freely is a strong one whenever the commercial rates for high-class ores are out of proportion to the general conditions of the iron trade, as sometimes happens in this country, especially as the free use of it is apparently justified by the quality of the iron produced from this cheap and abundant material. Indeed the consumption of cinder pig has., not been wholly confined to mills using up the production of furnaces belonging to the same plant. One furnace at least on the Ohio, at Covington, for several' months has been making foundry pig from "all cinder." The iron has gone into the general trade. It is probable that malleable iron of good quality can he made from the poorest cinder pig, but with what degree of economy will

Jan 1, 1881

By R. W. Boyle

"PREFACEThis paper comprises two parts. The first part discusses lithochemical surveys based on major, minor and trace elements in whole-rock samples from primary enveloping halos. The second part continues with discussions of surveys based on leakage halos, zonation of elements, stable and radioactive isotopic distributions, geothermometric, geobarometric, thermolumin escent, pedochemical, hydrochemical, atmochemical and biogeochemical methods. A selected bibliography follows the second part of the paper.ABSTRACTAreal (two-dimensional) geochemical surveys, based mainly on secondary dispersion halos and trains in media such as surface waters, soils and drainage sediments, have proven particularly successful in recent years and have greatly assisted in the discovery of a large number of varied mineral deposits. Three-dimensional surveys based on primary halos and leakage halos have received relatively little attention by research organizations and the mineral industry. Such surveys offer many novel approaches for discovering blind mineral deposits deeply buried below overburden or within their host bedrocks. This paper reviews detailed methods for the discovery of blind mineral deposits based on sampling rocks (lithochemical methods), soils and other types of overburden (pedochemical methods), waters (hydrochemical methods), gases (atmochemical methods) and biological materials (biogeochemical methods) . All are applicable to the discovery of blind deposits; the efficacy of each or in combination depends essentially on the type of mineralization, the extent of the development of the primary and secondary dispersion halos, and the finances available for sampling techniques employing overburden drilling, bedrock drilling, and sophisticated water, gas and vegetation collection."

Jan 1, 1982

By Roger L. Williams

The Zinc Corporation of America Monaca smelter continues to use the St. Joe-developed electrothermic process for producing zinc metal and zinc oxide. As we enter the 1990s, the electrothermic process flexibility permits treatment of larger quantities? and lower-grade zinc-bearing recycle materials. A new sinter plant having one large sinter machine will increase sinter feed production required to meet our capacity target of 150,000 tons per year.

Jan 1, 1990

By S. E. Bretherton

During the year 1878-79, Anton Eilers, who was then interested in the lead smelting and refining business near Salt Lake City, Utah, made a somewhat radical departure from the regular practice at that time, which was to use but little lime in the slag, with a high percentage of iron. Lime was not only a cheaper flux than iron, but it enabled the metallurgist to make a more siliceous slag, an economical advantage in smelting where the smelting companies had to purchase either iron or lime to neutraiize the excess silica, and penalize the ore shippers accordingly. The larger amount of both lime and silica in the slag also made it of lighter specific gravity, and a better separation of the metals and mattes was secured. This change in the formation of slags for lead smelting was brought about by Anton Eilers, prior to the Leadville mining excitement of 1879.. We must also give Mr. Eilers credit for the general introduction of the hollow water-cooled cast-iron jacket for the blast furnace. Again referring to the use of more lime and less iron in the formation of slags, there is no doubt but that it prevents the formation of a great many so-called "sows" in the lead crucible, such as were made in the early history of lead smelting in the Rocky Mountains; these sows consisted of lead, iron, arsenic, sulphur, copper, and other metals, including gold and silver, mixed with unconsumed fuel, and often, after vain attempts to cut them up or melt them to a suitable size for handling, were buried in the slag dumps to get them out of sight. Another advantage derived from the adoption of high-lime slags when smelting ore containing arsenic is the production of less speiss (a byproduct heavier than matte, resulting from careless operation of the furnace, in the lead being driven out of the crucible and sows built up). This speiss, while usually not as rich in precious metals as matte made at the same time, is too valuable to be thrown away; but it is difficult to treat, and it was thrown away or piled on the slag dumps in the pioneer days of lead smelting in this country. About the time of the introduction of the lower iron and higher lime slags in lead smelting, sulphide ores were encountered in Utah and Colo-

Jan 1, 1916

By Frank T. Sisco

DURING the past year the iron and steel industry of the world as a whole operated on a satisfactory basis. No discoveries nor new processes of outstanding importance were announced either here or abroad, although rumors of such were persistent. In general, the efforts of operating and research men in the iron and steel industry seemed to be confined to improving quality and reducing cost, not a new aim, for the same efforts have been noted in nearly all of the annual reviews of the industry for at least fifty years. Most published papers on blast furnace or steel-making practice were of minor importance, at least when judged by the criterion of radical change in process or product. If the number of reports in the technical journals, or articles in the trade press, is used as a basis for comparison, continuous-mill sheet is still the most important single product of the industry; papers were published detailing the results of the investigation of various phases of the

Jan 1, 1938

By G. A. Brown

"Mining executives are becoming increasingly involved with decisions of the ""What would happen if ... "" variety. Potential changes in government policy, such as tax incentives, E.G.M.A. allowances, etc. affect the economic future of present and proposed mining ventures.This paper will discuss various measures of effectiveness normally used in assessing this future, such as discounted cash flow, etc., and will describe means of introducing uncertainty into the computations. As the recognition of risk and attitudes toward accepting it are very important in the life of a mine executive, there will be a brief discussion of utility theory and its application to risk analysis.Risk models are usually of a size to warrant the use of an electronic computer. Therefore, to demonstrate the simple interaction necessary between a financial analyst and such a model, data will be read into a remote computer from a time-sharing terminal in the meeting room. It will be shown that changes may be rapidly made and alternative policies investigated ""on line"" to a computer."

Jan 1, 1970

By Tom Dettweiler

Who We Are A global pioneer in discovery, development and recovery of deep-ocean assets Shipwrecks Deep-sea Minerals Company Overview Founded 1994 HQ ?Tampa, Florida USA Employees 45 Tampa + 150 Abroad Publicly Traded: NASDAQ:OMEX Requires Specific Financial Controls and Reporting

May 1, 2013

By William J. Coulter

WITHIN the United States the problem of meeting maximum production by our metal mines has been solved by: (1) Conservation of man power by mechanization. (2) Increasing man-power efficiency as expressed in tons per man-shift by the adoption of new and more efficient methods. (3) Production from submarginal properties made possible by some form of government subsidy. (4) Selective mining of high-grade areas. (5) Drawing on broken ore reserves and reducing advanced development work to a minimum. (6) Making maximum use of available equipment. (7) Repairing equipment that normally would be replaced. (8) Working a seven-day week on a three-shift basis to get maximum use of equipment and man power. (9) Adoption of incentive plans to increase maximum efficiency and unit production. (10) Important advancement in metallurgy, resulting in larger recoveries. (11) Improvements in safety, health, and general working and living condi-

Jan 1, 1945

By M. H. Rauschkolb, J. A. Cremeens

Geotechnical solutions were developed for closure of two historic, remote underground mines in the deserts of southern California. Closure criteria included access closure, minimal site impact, and optimum use of native materials. The closure designs and construction activities incorporated techniques for protecting sensitive biota, particularly bats and desert tortoise. The types of mine openings that were closed include adits, declines, shafts, daylighted stopes, and dugout dwellings. The desert locations permitted implementation of cost-effective closure techniques that relied upon the use of native materials. The strategies and techniques developed for these desert closures are adaptable to other climates.

Jan 1, 2002

By Clinton M. Young

(Pittsburg Meeting, March, 1910.) I. INTRODUCTION. THE experiments herein. described were carried on in 1908-9 . by the State Geological Survey of Kansas. Some months before taking up work on black powder the Survey had resumed work on an interrupted investigation of explosions in coal-mines, a subject which is engaging the attention. of numerous investigators. An unusual number of serious disasters has directed to. the subject a study which discloses the disquieting fact that, in the. United States, the ratio of lives lost per ton of coal mined has been on the increase. Methods of coal-mining have changed to some extent with the great increase of output, attained in, comparatively recent years. These changes involve the working of very extensive mines, with increased difficulty of ventilation, increased accumulation of coal-dust, and. a very great increase in the amount of explosive used.. . This last point assumes truly startling proportions when it is carefully observed. In the fields of the Middle. West it is not now uncommon for a miner to use six ,kegs (150 lb.) of black powder in a "pay" of two weeks, while within the memory. of men still active, one keg (25 .lb.) would last two men for a " pay." So. great has . the use of explosives become in some fields that the skilled coal-miner is hard to find, and the coal is not mined, but blasted. A preliminary study of the subject. of explosions in coal-mines has. led to the belief . that the use of, large -quantities of explosives, in some cases by slightly-trained men, had not been * Associate Professor- of Mining Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Ran.

Aug 1, 1910