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September 28, 1915. The Nominating Committee of the American Institute of Mining Engineers has the honor to present the following nominations for officers of the Institute to be voted for at the 1915 Annual Meeting: For President: L. D. Ricketts District 0 For Vice-Presidents: Karl Eilers District 0 James MacNaughton District 4 For Directors: Thomas B. Stearns District 7 Charles F. Rand District 0 Charles W. Goodale District 5 Edwin Ludlow District 2 George D. Barron District 0 F. W. BRADLEY, Chairman.

Jan 11, 1915

NEW MEMBERS The following list comprises the names of those persons who became members during the period Sept. 10 to Oct. 10, 1915: Members BENEDICT, C. HARRY, Met Calumet & Hecla Mining Co., Calumet, Mich. BETTERTON, JESSE OATMAN,. Met., Supt. Blast Furnaces and Sulphate Depts., St. Louis Smelt. & Ref. Co., Collinsville; Ill. CLARK, H. A., Supt Calumet & Arizona Mining Co., Douglas, Ariz. COOPER, CLAUDE H.; Asst,. Supt Calumet & Hecla Smelt. Works, Hubbell, Mich. CRAMPTON, FRANK A., Min. Engr.; Mine Supt., Platinum Gold Min. Co., Goodsprings, Nev. CUNNINGHAM, GEORGE HAMILTON, Asst. Supt. of Construction, Anaconda Copper Mining Co., Anaconda, Mont.

Jan 11, 1915

Pulverized Fuel Combustion The apparatus shown in the illustration is a complete equipment f r supplying coal to boiler and metallurgical furnaces, cement and lime kilns, dryers, and to all furnaces requiring a temperature and quality of fame under prompt and easy control. It is claimed that the Aero Pulverizer makes practicable the highest efficiency obtainable from burning coal. It makes coal burn like a gas, a flame, the physical and chemical character of which is regulable- a flame that may be elongated or shortened, thus placing the zone of highest temperature where needed- a flame that may be made oxidizing, reducing, or neutral, as occasion may require. The coal is burned as pulverized, and there is no storage of the powder with its attendant hazard. Artificial drying before pulverizing is not necessary if the coal supply be sheltered from rain and snow. Where the Aero is used, it is wholly a furnace question whether a dryer should be installed; it is not at all a pulverizing or storage question. Labor is reduced to a minimum. Slack coal at low cost yields its last B.T.U.

Jan 11, 1915

By Robert Burrows

IN preparing this paper the object has been to set forth facts relating to illumination problems, which, judging from the results realized in the iron and steel and other industries somewhat similar to mining, will tend toward furthering safety, production, and contentment of employees, as well as economy of operation in mines. By applying the principles of illumination with the assistance of modern appliances, the full benefits in efficiency may be derived from improvements already made in other details of mine operation. The lighting of a typical coal mine may be divided into four distinct parts: 1, The lighting of the buildings about the top; 2, the lighting of the working faces; 3, general illumination at the bottom; and 4, special applications of lighting. The lighting of buildings about the top may be treated in the same manner as that of any other industrial plant, for we have a boiler room, an engine and generator room, a forge, a machine shop, and a hoist room. These can be well and efficiently lighted by the use of 100-watt tungsten-filament multiple lamps with proper reflectors so spaced and suspended that a power consumption of from ¼ watt per square foot in the boiler room to 1 watt per square foot in the machine shop is obtained. The methods that apply to this kind of lighting have been ably treated by a number of authors,1 and for this reason a detailed discussion is unnecessary.

Jan 11, 1915

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOCAL. SECTION Executive Committee SEELEY W. MUDD, Chairman C. COLCOCK JONES, Vice-Chairman FREDERICK J. H. MERRILL, Secretary-Treasurer, 631 Higgins Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal. RALPH ARNOLD A. B. CARPENTER In. order to make the meetings of the, Section more interesting and fruitful, the Executive Committee has formed a sub-committee on programs for. Section meetings, which announces for the coming autumn and winter season, four dinner meetings, at intervals of two months, in which the co-operation of all Section members is urgently. requested. The subjects chosen for discussion at these meetings, with the proposed dates, are as follows: Sept. 28, 1915. Mining Geology of Mojave County, Arizona. Dec. 14, 1915. General Geology and Mining Conditions in Southern California. Feb. 1, 1916. Petroleum, its Geology and Technology. April 4, 1916. General Mining Conditions in. South America. F. J. H.. MERRILL, Secretary.

Jan 10, 1915

By William Newnam

THE smelting of galena in the ore hearth has been practiced in many countries for several hundred years with varying success. In the United States the water-jacketed American hearths and the Jumbo hearths have found some favor, in the Missouri lead belt, where large quantities of non-argentiferous galena concentrates are produced. In form and method of operation the ore hearth has changed but little since its earliest conception. A detailed description of the furnace is not needed here; it has been fully described in most works on the metallurgy of lead and in many technical papers. Since its field is restricted to non-argentiferous galena, containing over 68 per cent. of lead, its .use is limited to a few districts; and, on account of certain disadvantages attending its operation, modern sintering and blast-furnace practice has nearly driven it out of the Missouri field. It is not generally known that the cost of producing pig lead is smaller by the hearth method than by sintering and blast-furnace smelting. Yet it is doubtful if any metallurgist knowing this to be true would recommend an American hearth installation-by reason of the disadvantages which will be briefly enumerated. The furnace has been limited to a length of from 4 to 5 ft., requiring for its operation two men working an 8-hr. shift as a maximum. The product per man is small; the work is hot and laborious; and the difficulty of completely removing the dust and fume has made it a notorious source of lead poisoning. Although suitable, for, operations on a small scale a large number of hearths would be required for a plant smelting 10,000 tons of 68 to 70 per cent. concentrates per month; and the number of semi-skilled laborers would be six times the number of hearths-a condition which is prohibitive. On account of the high percentage of dust and fume produced, a large flue and bag-house installation is required and, in the past, the handling and re-treatment of. this dust and fume has been a serious problem.

Jan 10, 1915

By Guy Crane

I. INTRODUCTION THE geology of the Tintic mining district, fully treated, would occupy an elaborate monograph. This less comprehensive paper is devoted primarily to the occurrence and origin of the orebodies of the district, while space is given to those phases of the general geology only which seem necessary to a proper setting of such a discussion. The first geological report on the Tintic district to be issued was that by Tower and Smith, published in 1899, in the form of a paper in Part III of the Nineteenth Annual Report of the U. S. Geological Survey, and also as Folio No. 65, Geologic Atlas of the United States. About four years ago a second investigation was begun by Waldemar Lindgren and G. F. Loughlin, of the U. S. Geological Survey. With the exception of a paper on the oxidized zinc ores of the Tintic district by Mr. Loughlin, the results of their work are still unpublished. The writer's acquaintance with the district began in the fall, of 1913, and has extended over a period of about two years.

Jan 10, 1915

Last spring the suggestion was made that the national engineering societies offer to assist the War Department in the formation of an engineer reserve in the United States Army. The suggestion was brought to the attention of some of the officers of the Army, who commended it and confirmed the belief that the need of such a reserve was a real one; that the European war had distinctly shown that engineers in time of war are required on a scale never before realized and of great varieties of experience. In our own army no adequate provision is made for great numbers of engineers, for although the corps of engineers is composed of men of the very highest professional proficiency in certain lines it is greatly short of the numerical strength that would be immediately required. Acting on this suggestion, the American Society of Civil Engineers, the American Institute of Mining Engineers, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the American Institute of Electrical Engineers and the American Institute of Consulting Engineers appointed committees authorized and directed to take such steps as might be advisable to urge the organization of such a reserve corps as part of the. regular army, and so assist in putting the United States in a better condition of prepared-

Jan 10, 1915

For the year ending February, 1916 PRESIDENT WILLIAM L. SAUNDERS,1 NEW YORK, N. Y. PAST PRESIDENTS CHARLES F. RAND,1. NEW YORK, N. Y. BENJAMIN B. THAYER,3 NEW YORK, N. Y. FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT PHILIP N. MOORE,1 ST. Louis, Mo. TREASURER GEORGE C. STONE,1 NEW YORK, N. Y. SECRETARY EMERITUS ROSSITER W. RAYMOND, NEW, YORK, N. Y. SECRETARY BRADLEY STOUGHTON; NEW YORK, N. Y.

Jan 10, 1915

By J. E. Clennell

IT is a common observation that the improvements introduced in practice since the first announcement of the cyanide process have been almost entirely mechanical. Although a good deal of study and research has been devoted to the chemical problems involved, the results obtained appear trifling in comparison. Few of the suggested modifications in the chemical treatment have come into practical use and those only in limited fields. Nevertheless, if we study the recent history of the cyanogen compounds from a somewhat broader standpoint, we shall find that considerable additions have been made, not only to our knowledge of their chemical properties, but also to their applications for industrial purposes. The present review of these advances naturally falls into two divisions: (1) processes involved in the treatment of ores; (2) manufacture of cyanides and other related compounds. PART I. ADVANCES IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORE TREATMENT BY CYANIDE In the attempt to extend the scope of the process, various ores have been encountered which contain gold and silver in such forms that they will not yield satisfactorily to ordinary methods of cyanide treatment. . In some cases the difficulty is due to the excessive action on the solution of base metals present in the ore; in others, to the occurrence of minerals such as dyscrasite (the native alloy of antimony and silver), or a supposed oxidized manganese compound containing silver, which are either altogether insoluble in or very slightly attacked by cyanide. A particularly troublesome case is that of the so-called "graphitic" ores, containing carbon in some form which has the property of precipitating gold and silver already dissolved.

Jan 10, 1915

By Waldemar Lindgren

Introduction To the miner, as well as to the geologist, the eastern part of Cuba is a most interesting region. Here we find, in contrast to the moderate relief predominating elsewhere in the island, an imposing mountain range, the Sierra Maestra, extending east and west parallel to the coast, its precipitous front facing the blue Caribbean Sea.. In a geological sense this range is largely an unknown land, the only well-explored region being that in the vicinity of Santiago. The range also contains the most important mineral deposits of the island. They comprise, first, a series of iron deposits yielding a partly hematitized magnetite with low content of phosphorus; second, a remarkable copper-bearing vein at El Cobre; and third, various manganese deposits. Probably more deposits will be found, for the larger and western part of the range is as yet little explored and its slopes are covered by a thick tropical jungle. The following notes are based on a short visit by the senior author in January and February of 1914 to the mines at Daiquiri, El Cobre, and Mayari. For many courtesies and great assistance he is deeply obliged to Charles F. Rand, President of the Spanish-American Iron Co.; to George W. Pfeiffer, General Manager, and to the several members of his staff.

Jan 10, 1915

By Grafton Thrasher

For the proper discussion of this subject it is necessary to incorporate in this paper the substance of part of an article published by rite in Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering for January, 1915. CAST-IRON TEST PLUG, SHOWING LOW MOTTLED AND MOTTLED FRACTURES. Several years ago, while I was thief chemist for a malleable-iron company, it occurred to me that the mere regulation of silicon was not sufficient to produce the desired degree of chill. But only after repeatedly encountering this fact in befit open-hearth and air-furnace, as well as cupola metal, was I led to regard variation in the total carbon as the principal cause of disturbance; and I resolved to determine the total carbon as well as the sill on ill every heat, and by a carefully prepared test piece to gauge the approximate degree of chill. The test piece selected was a round plug, 2 in. in diameter and 12 in. long, cast on end

Jan 10, 1915

(Members are urged to send in for, this column any notes of interest concerning themselves or their fellow-members.) Members and guests who registered at Institute headquarters during the period Aug. 10 to Sept. 10, 1915: Everett L. Booth, New York, N. Y. Raymond B. Ladoo, Cambridge, Mass. T. E. Sturtevant, Dover, N. J. Henry A. Tobelman, Ajo, Ariz. C. A: Filteau, New York, N. Y. R. B.Tinsley, B. Tinsley; Venezuela. Guy C. Riddell, Helena; Mont. ; E. H. Hamilton, Norfolk, Va. Joseph Leiner, New. York; N. Y. M. Yoshimura, Tokyo, Japan. Alfred W. G. Wilson, Ottawa, Canada. Van H. Manning has been appointed Director of the U.. S., Bureau of Mines, to succeed the, late, Dr. Joseph A. Holmes. Mr. Manning was Assistant Director of the Bureau. 0. M. Lewyn, formerly Mine. Superintendent for the Braden Copper Co., has accepted the position of Assistant Mine Manager with the Union Minière de Haut Katanga of South Africa.

Jan 10, 1915

By R. J. Wysor

MORE than two years ago, in making efficiency tests on our hot-blast stoves, I was surprised to discover a marked difference in temperature as indicated by a pyrometer inserted near a stove on blast, and the regular recording instrument situated near the bustle pipe. A special hole was then provided at the junction of the hot-blast main and the bustle pipe, and portable pyrometers with bare fire ends were used, both at this point and in the stove necks. I had occasion to make a number of such tests on various stoves on the same furnace, the difference in temperature as shown by the two pyrometers varying chiefly with the temperature of the blast, and the distance of the stove from the furnace. However, this difference was always great, often averaging above 100° F., for the entire period of a stove on blast. Later, experiments were made with similar results on another group of stoves. The pyrometers used were properly standardized and checked against each other before and after each test. However, there was still a slight doubt as to the accuracy of the results obtained, as subsequently explained. But I have obtained corroboration of the magnitude of heat losses from blast-furnace hot-blast mains from two independent sources. I have learned from H. A. Brassert, Superintendent of Blast Furnaces, South Works, Illinois Steel Co., that he has recently clone some experimental work similar to my own, and found temperature drops of the same order of magnitude. Also, C. R.. Lyle, of the Armstrong Cork Co., has made some interesting theoretical calculations, based oil the thermal conductivity of fire brick, for the particular conditions of several of our tests; and his theoretical interpolations, all facts being considered, check our actual observations fairly well. I understand that Mr. Lyle expects to publish the results of his investigations.

Jan 10, 1915

The co-operation of the. members of the Institute is earnestly sought by the Committee on Nominations, recently appointed by the Board of Directors, in its work of formulating a ticket for officers and places falling vacant in the Board of Directors in February, 1916. The Committee must present the official ticket of nominations to the Board of Directors at its October meeting. Members are, therefore, urged to send promptly their nominations for officers and Directors in order that the Committee may have an opportunity to give, them full consideration. The officers to be elected at the annual meeting in February, 1916, are: One officer, known as Director and President: Two officers, known as Director and Vice-President. Five officers, known as Director. The officers of the Institute whose terms expire are as follows: President, William L. Saunders (not eligible for re-election). Past President, Charles F. Rand. Vice-Presidents, Thomas H. Leggett, District 0; Fred W. Denton, District 4.

Jan 10, 1915

NEW MEMBERS The following list comprises the names of those persons who became members during the period Aug. 10 to Sept. 10, 1915: Members ACOSTA, JOSE NICANDRO, Min. Engr. and Chem., Shannon Copper Co., Gleeson, Ariz. ANDERSON, AMIL. ABNER,. Met Homestake Mining Co., Lead, S. D. BARB, P. A Apartado 92, Pachuca, Hid., Mexico. BERGH, SVEN VILHELM,. Min. Engr Rorstrandsgatan 32, Stockholm, Sweden. BOAS, Ross H., Min. Engr:, Care Highland Boy. Mine, Bingham Canyon, Utah. BONSALL, JAMES MALCOLM,.Chem., Copper Queen' Reduction, Works, Douglas, Ariz. BOWLES, Ross., Supt. Of Smelters,. Granby Min. & Smelt. Co., East St. Louis, Ill. BRIGHT, GRAHAM, Engr., Westinghouse Electric & Mfg.. Co., East Pittsburgh, Pa. BUTLER, RICHARD,. Min. Engr., Mines. Supt., Lindal Moor Mines, Ulverston, Lancashire, England.

Jan 10, 1915

Weiss Transit and Level The illustrations shown are the transits and levels manufactured by the Weiss Instrument Co. of Denver, Colo:, and they state that city and mining engineers are securing satisfactory results. It is claimed that their patented prismatic telescope gives increased illumination with an astronomical eye-piece. The prisms are set in a milled seat for this purpose, and cemented in so they can never come loose or out of adjustment. All adjustment for collimation is clone with the cross-hairs. This telescope is 8 in. long for magnifying power of 20 diameters against 12 in. for regular old style. The field is 1° 45' with a clear aperture of 1 1/8 in. The standards are 4 ¾ in. high from plate; to center of telescope axis. Weight 10 lb. Fig: 2. FIG. 1. FIG;. 3. The Light Mountain Transit of the same type, Fig. 1, has a telescope 6 ½ in. long, magnifying power 17 diameters; field 2° 15'; clear aperture 1 1/16 in.; weight 9 lb. The Mine Transit made by this ?company is interesting because it may be sighted directly down a shaft.. The principal advantage claimed for this type is the arrangement by means. of which vertical' sights can be had without an additional telescope.. As illustrated in Fig. 2 the telescope is in the position of a regular transit, and used exactly the same.

Jan 10, 1915

By James F. Kemp

(San Francisco Meeting, September, 1915) THE iron ores of southeastern Cuba present a subject of exceptional geological interest. Their relations to the inclosing rocks are varied and in some cases unusual. The problem of their geological origin is not a simple one and for this reason has occasioned some divergence of views among previous observers. Profiting, however, by. these earlier studies and by more detailed field and laboratory observations as well as by the experience of added years of mining, much more satisfactory descriptions and interpretations can now be prepared. PREVIOUS WORK In 1884, interest in the southeastern coast of Cuba became active among the consumers of iron ore along the Atlantic seaboard of the United States. Active development was undertaken by the Juragua Iron Co., Ltd., a corporation affiliated with the Bethlehem Steel Co., and the Pennsylvania Steel Co. The property of the Juragua company, which is situated about 15 miles east of Santiago, was studied in June and July, 1884, by Dr. James P. Kimball, at the tine Professor of Economic Geology in Lehigh University and one of the best known of American mining geologists. Dr. Kimball published on his return two papers, the first important descriptions which we have of the local geology.1 It is

Jan 9, 1915

By Yinchang Wang

1. INTRODUCTION 1. Subject, and Scope The formation of the oxidized ores of zinc has been recognized as a subject of great importance in economic geology. For many years these ores have been much sought, partly because they are more desirable for metallurgical treatment and partly because they are apt to be freer from gangue than is the sulphide of zinc. Up to very recent years the oxidized ores were the principal source of the metal and at present they still furnish a large portion of the commercial production. . The oxidized ores of zinc include six minerals, as shown in the-following table

Jan 9, 1915

By Gerald Sherman

(San Francisco Meeting, September, 1915) THE ore deposits of the Warren district, in which the mines of the Copper Queen Consolidated Mining Co. are situated, have been described in a number of technical publications, and will not be-discussed here in detail. Certain of their characteristics, however, control -methods of underground transportation and hoisting of ore. In the Copper Queen mine, the majority of the ore has occurred in a zone encircling the west boundary of the porphyry intrusion of Sacramento Hill. It has a width varying from 800 to 1,200 ft., and a thickness of about 400 ft. It reaches the surface in the older part of the mine to the northwest, but dips to the southeast, where it is reached at 1,400 ft. below the Czar collar, in its farthest extension at present developed on Copper Queen ground. There is one major extension from the northwest end of the zone toward the west along the Czar fault, and others of minor importance. Individual orebodies are scattered through the zone in an eccentric manner, only matched by their own irregularities of form and size. Their most general characteristics are the softness of the ore and their great horizontal rather than vertical extent. It has been estimated that the average vertical thickness of ore in the Czar and Lowell divisions is between 30 and 35 ft. It is calculated by assuming it to be uniformly distributed over its horizontally projected area. In this zone, and for some distance above it, the ground has been .subjected to intense alteration and intense but irregular oxidation. It has resulted in an enormous quantity of earthy or clayey material, which may be either ore or waste, which when wet is both heavy and tenacious. Below alteration, the ground is fairly hard, and the limestones contain primary ores differing from those heretofore considered typical of the camp, and which have not yet been thoroughly exploited. The mine production has been drawn from many orebodies spread . over a great area. A diagram map (Fig. 1), of haulage drifts and loading stations, illustrates the situation in 1914.

Jan 9, 1915