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Jan 1, 1887

By Thomas M. Drown

The following description of an attempt to separate bituminous coal from its slaty and mineral admixtures without the aid of jigging, was suggested by the successful use of dense solutions (such as the double iodide of mercury and potassium and cadmium borotungstate) in the separation of the mineral components of igneous rocks.* In the case of coal it is essential that we have a solution of a specific gravity greater than the coal, and less than the mineral or slate associated with it. Further, in order that such a solution should be practically admissible, it must be cheap and readily obtainable. Calcium chloride fulfils all these conditions, although it is not intended to be affirmed, in the absence of actual trial, that its use on a large scale would be economically successful. The records of experiments on several samples of bituminous coal

Jan 1, 1885

By J. C. Jr. Vaughan

ALTHOUGH a considerable amount of practical importance attaches to systems involving gases and molten metals, little is known regarding the effects of alloy elements upon the solubility of gases in liquid iron. The solubilities of hydrogen1 and nitrogen2,3 in pure liquid iron are known and it has been shown that small amounts of silicon and aluminum3 exert only a small effect upon the solubility of nitrogen but greatly increase its rate of solution. This paper presents the results of a study of the Solubility Of nitrogen, at pressures approximately one atmosphere, in molten iron containing up to 1.5.5 per cent silicon.

Jan 1, 1939

By Shosei Serata

Serious floor heave of up to 2.4 m in a 2.4-m high mine entry was eliminated by applying the stress control method of mining, as a last resort, at the No. 5 coal mine of Jim Walter Resources, Inc., in the Black Warrior coal basin near Birmingham, Alabama. Underground observation of the first 3-room entry created using the stress control method is discussed here. The behavior of the test entry, which eliminated the heave problem, is analyzed in relation to similar studies conducted in a salt mine under similar ground conditions by utilizing finite element analysis.

Jan 1, 1984

By Kevin M. O’Connor

Examples are presented in which Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) was employed to locate deformation in rock masses induced by mining. The first example involved monitoring the propogation of overburden fractures above a longwall coal panel and the second example involved the use of TDR to monitor rock mass deformation in the vicinity of a strip mine highwall. Rock mass deformation, strata separation and large block movement generated strains and failure along coaxial cables which were installed in drill holes and the TDR reflections generated by these strains and failures were monitored. Analysis of field data and a preliminary laboratory test indicate that it may be possible not only to locate rock mass movements but also to quantify these movements with TDR data.

Jan 1, 1984

WHEN one leaves the busy street and enters a library, the closing of the door behind him marks his passage into another world. Outside is the world of phenomena and appearances-of thronging pedestrians bustling about their business, of gregarious sights and sounds, of insistent auto-mobiles. Inside, on dusty shelves, is the stored learning of civilized man-the recorded ideas of countless generations. It is somewhat of a magic world. Here are the theories and secrets for which thousands of men toiled and gave their heart's blood. To produce one book on one phase of an ob-scure-subject may have required the best efforts of a group of men unique in their period. To prove one theory, or es-tablish a single application of a theory, may have taken the devotion of a genius who sacrificed his life to his work. This theory is perhaps stated in one paragraph of unassum-ing type, and the library contains millions of such para-

Jan 11, 1927

By J. P. Smith

Permian salt measures carry extensive lenses of soluble potash salts in north central Germany. Potash deposits of Oligocene age are found in the Upper Rhine Graben of Alsace (France), and in the Catalonian Basin of Spain. These deposits are found in a wide range of structural settings. Reserves are large, and the production of potash salts is an important phase in the economy of each of these countries.

Jan 1, 1950

By H. R. Green, D. M. Lamb, A. D. Taylor

The design of slurry launders has usually been based on strictly empirical concepts. An examination of the most common procedures reveals that they do not account for many of the variables that are recognized as significant for slurry transport. These may include flow rate, volume concentration of solids, solids specific gravity, solids size distribution, particle shape, launder geometry, and roughness of the wetted surface. It was decided to develop a design procedure, which would accomplish two things:

Jan 8, 1978

By John H. Smith

Because of increased pressure from federal and state regulatory agencies, most acid flows will require some sort of treatment prior to being discharged to receiving streams. In many industries, the volumes of liquors are large and their acid content varied. Development of a waste treatment process minimizing equipment cost and utilizing land efficiently is mandatory. Methods of acid neutralization with lime have been known for years, however, the volume and characteristics of the resultant precipitated solids can create a disposal problem. Also, when standard lime treatment is used, the settling characteristic of the precipitated solids is normally slow. In some instances, the necessity of added dissolved solids removal, such as iron, needing aeration, add to the problem of concentrating neutralized solids.

Jan 12, 1972

The Commissioner of Education has issued a call for a public conference on business training for engineers and engineering training for students of business. This conference, national in scope and character fully representative of all interests, will be held in Washington, D. C. on June 23 and 24. Educational institutions, commercial organizations, and educational and engineering societies will be given an opportunity to state their views. Engineers, educators and business men will be invited to discuss the following major topics: Business Training for the Engineer; Engineering Training for Commercial Enterprises; Significance of the. War Experience for Engineering Education; Training of the Engineer for Foreign Projects. This conference has been called on behalf of the Conference Committee on Commercial Engineering. This Committee is composed of administrative professors in engineering and commerce from several of the large educational institutions and representatives from the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, Society for the Promotion of Engineering Education, The American Society of Civil Engineers, American Institute of Electrical Engineers, American Society .of Mechanical Engineers, and a committee f fifteen on Educational Preparation for Foreign Service.

Jan 6, 1919

By David M. Parkes

This paper outlines the achievements to date at the British Columbia mine of Kaiser Resources Ltd. Almost one million raw short tons (855,000 metric tonnes) are now produced per year from a single monitor operation working 15 short shifts per week. Progress has been made in reducing the angle at which coal will flow in flumes by modifying the shape and the plastic linings. Improvements have been made in transporting coal from heading machines, and in the design of the present and future coal: water circuits. The development of hydraulic mining is still young and many improvements are being made.

Jan 1, 1976

The Howe Memorial Lecture, in memory of Henry Marion Howe, Past President of the Institute, was authorized in April, 1923, as an annual address to be delivered by invitation under the auspices of the Institute by an individual of recognized and out- standing attainment in the science and practice of iron and steel metallurgy or metallography, chosen by the Board of Directors upon recommendation of the Iron and Steel Division. The follow- ing were the Howe lectures and lecturers for the years indicated: 1924 What is Steel? By Albert Sauveur. 1925 Austenite and Austenitic Steels. By John A. Mathems. 1926 Twenty-five Years of Metallography. By William Campbell. 1927 Alloy Steels. By Bradley Stoughton. 1928 Significance of the Simple Steel Analysis. By Henry D. Hibbard. 1929 Studies of Hadfield's Manganese Steel with the High-power Microscopa By John Howe Hall. 1930 The Future of the American Iron and Steel Industry. By Zay Jeffries. 1931 On the Art of Metallography. By Francis F. Lucas.

Jan 1, 1937

By Harvey P. Knudsen, Young C. Kim

This paper illustrates the application of geostatistics to a roll front type uranium deposit located in Wyoming. The steps involved in calculation of experimental variograms, variogram modeling, and verification of the resulting models are described in detail. The resulting spherical variogram models for grade thickness and thickness show strong geometrical anisotropies. The major axis of anisotropy for both variables is approximately parallel to the axis of the roll front and the minor axis perpendicular to the roll. This model confirms the technique of drilling "fences" across the roll front, where the drilling is much closer together than the fences along the roll.

Jan 8, 1979

By S. Terry, J. G. Munro

A unique feature of the recently dedicated pelletizing complex of Hamersley Iron Pty. Ltd. is the dry grinding circuit for the iron ore fines. This facility, located at Dampier, some 800 miles north of Perth, Western Australia, has a rated annual capacity of 2 million tpy of iron ore pellets. The Mt. Tom Price orebody, which supplies the pelletizing plant, is a massive deposit of high-grade hematite containing an estimated 500 million tons of ore averaging 64% iron. The main impurities are ferruginous shales that occur in bands of varying widths in the orebody. An average analysis shows 4.4% SiO2, 2.0% A12O3, 0.05% P and 1.8% LOI.

Jan 5, 1968

By John J. Elango

Strain gage load cells, the most widely used type of nonmechanical weight sensor, are capable of taking measurements between 0.45-4.5 million kg (1-1 million lb) with an accuracy of 0.05%. They are available in a wide range of standard capacities, configurations, and accuracies, and special load cells may be custom-manufactured to meet unusual requirements. Typical applications include automated batch processing, process monitoring and control, mixing of powders and liquids, weighing coal or other materials in silos, and in large platform systems that weigh trucks and railcars. Because the strain gage load cell produces an electrical signal proportional to the applied load, it readily interfaces with readouts, keyboards, computer terminals, and alarm systems.

Jan 6, 1979

By E. P. Pfleider, O. Rellensmann

In the May 1959 issue of [=] the authors reported on the gyrotheodolite as used for determining azimuths in surface and underground work. Further research has led to the development of a new type of gyro instrument, the band-suspended gyro attachment, which is essentially an upset gyro attached to the top of a theodolite. The new gyro attachment is light enough to be mounted on any angle-measuring instrument if the design of the telescope standard permits. Gyrotheodolite units have been used to transfer meridian lines underground in the Coeur d'Alene mining district, although they have not been used extensively in the U.S. In other parts of the world, however, they have been adopted as the standard surveying instrument by mining engineers.

Jan 3, 1968

By Ta M. Li

The implementation of the Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments of 1970 has resulted in a clean fuels deficit that has significant adverse environmental, energy and economic implications, according to the Project Independence Report. The CAA Amendments charge the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish national air quality standards as well as national standards for significant new pollution sources and for all facilities emitting hazardous substance. Section 110 of the CAA provides the framework for states to establish "emission limitations, schedules, and timetables for compliance with such limitations, and such other measures as may be necessary to insure attainment and maintenance" of ambient air quality standards. State implementation plans (SIP) are subject to EPA approval. EPA is authorized to enforce federal and state requirements by order or civil suit, including injunctive relief.

Jan 5, 1975

The United States Employment Office of the Department of Labor, of which the division of engineering and education, under the direction of A. H. Krom, maintains an office at 29 La Salle Street, Chicago, Ill., is engaged in a classification of engineers in order to make their services more readily available in case of need. We have received a form used by this division, on which it requires only a very little time to indicate one's particular line of work, his experience and the salary that he desires. We have been asked to impress upon members of the Institute the distinct advantages that come through registration. Filling out the blank entitles an engineer to free employment service, provides him with direct contact with the Government, supplies him with information in regard to engineering affairs, and helps him to become successful in his profession. The Government wishes every technical man to register, so that it may know the strength and location of the engineering reserve. It is therefore the duty of every patriotic engineer, whether he needs a position or not, to register at once. Blanks can be obtained by addressing the office above noted.

Jan 10, 1918

By F. Weston Starratt

The opening of a new large-scale beneficiation plant is always news, but the start-up of Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Co.'s Eagle Mills near Ishpeming in Michigan's Upper Peninsula early in October is of particular interest because of the completely different type of operation being carried on at this plant. The ore boat which left Marquette, Mich. on the 3rd of October bound for the plant of Wisconsin Steel Division of International Harvester, not only carried the first output of this new mill, but also carried the first agglomerate made from the Upper Peninsula's jasper ore, the first commercial output from an updraft traveling-grate furnace, and the first large-scale commercial application of the balling disk, also called the flying saucer, to the agglomeration of an iron flotation concentrate.

Nov 1, 1956

THE annual meeting of the Arizona Section was held at the Pioneer Hotel in Tucson on Dec. 10, 1951. Registration and ticket sales for the social functions started at 8:00 am and lasted throughout most of the day. There were 489 registrations, consisting of 216 members, 64 students, and 209 guests. Chairman Harrison Schmitt opened the Mining Geology Div. meeting and a short business session was held at which Dr. Charles Anderson of Prescott, Ariz. was elected chairman and Seton Williams of Tucson was elected secretary for 1952. Dr. B. S. Butler was program chairman with R. B. Mulchay as co-chairman at the technical program. Eldred Wilson spoke on Oxidation and Water Levels at Some Arizona Mines. George Kiersch spoke about Economic and Engineering Significance of Ground Water Localization in Limestones - Big Bend Country, Texas. Harrison Schmitt gave The Definition and Use of Terms in Mining Geology. These talks were followed by discussions. E. N. Pennebaker, A. D. Wandke, and H. Schmitt gave informal talks on foreign trips made during 1951, the meeting was then adjourned.

Jan 1, 1952