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Jan 1, 1938

A Report Of Current Activity In The Industry

Jan 5, 1951

By R. W. Raymond

THE death of Louis Janin, which took place Mar. 6, 1914, at Santa Barbara, terminated the earthly career of almost the last survivor, and one of the most illustrious, members, of that group of American mining engineers and metallurgists who, in the last quarter, of the nineteenth century, directed the development of the mineral resources of the Pacific slope. Louis Janin was born in 1836 at New Orleans. His grandfather, an officer in the French army, had emigrated to this country, with his family, at or before the outbreak of the French revolution. His father became an

Jan 7, 1914

Jan 1, 1927

By George Anagnostache

AMONG the petroleum-producing countries of the world, Roumania occupies the fifth place; in Europe, it occupies second place, coming after Russia. The extraction and the use of petroleum in Roumania, may be trace( as far back as 1856, but the production on an industrial scale started in 1896, when the "Steaua Romana," was formed. From that time until the beginning of the war, the petroleum industry had a rapid growth the number of the producing companies increased to 37, and production FIG. 1.-ROUMANIAN OIL AND GAS FIELDS. increased from 81,571 tons, in 1896, to 1,898,545 tons, in 1912, when the greatest production was reached. In 1916, when the Germans invaded Roumania, the oilfields, at the order of the Allies and under British supervision, were destroyed, to pre vent their exploitation by the Central Powers; the wells were blown in the refineries and the storage tanks burnt, and pipelines put out of order This voluntary destruction, which weakened the resistance of the Central Powers, set back the petroleum industry at least one decade. Reconstruction after the war was slow, because of bad transportation conditions the scarcity of drilling and refining material, the insufficiency of. electric power, and the continuous depreciation of the Roumanian money, which made difficult the buying of the necessary materials for reconstruction.

Jan 3, 1925

By W. R. Phibbs

THE blast furnace of the Columbia Steel Corpn., at Ironton; Utah, was put in blast April 30, 1924, and its operation has presented some interesting problems. The coke for the furnace is furnished by 33 Koppers Becker type ovens of 15 tons capacity each. The coal is shipped from the company's mine at Columbia, Utah, which is approximately 123 miles from Ironton, and is probably the highest volatile coal that is being coked for blast furnace use in this country. The analysis of the coal is: PER CENT. Moisture 3.90 Volatile 39.00 Fixed carbon 51.10 Ash.... 6.00 Sulfur : 1.07 The analysis of the coke is: PER CENT. Volatile 0.55 Fixed carbon :...:.::: :..:.:: 89.70 Ash 9.75 Sulfur 1.05

Jan 1, 1928

By A. L. Holley

IN order to put sufficient work on steel ingots for rails, they must be reduced from about 12 inches square. As this cannot be done at one heat, they are first drawn down to about 7 inches square, and then reheated and rolled into rails. This first reduction or " blooming," is usually done in this country in a 30-inch 3-high rolling-mill, with movable rolls, so as to get several reductions in each set of grooves. The first of these mills has been running at the Troy Steel-works above a year, with great success. Another at the Cambria Iron-

Jan 1, 1873

By William P. Shinn

MR. GAYLEY'S admirable paper on the " Development of American Blast-Furnaces" has set forth very fully the history of the development of the Edgar Thomson furnaces since the construction of Furnaces A and B ; but it throws no light on the genesis of these furnaces. That earlier history it is the purpose of the present paper to record. Mr. Gayley truly says: "A new era in the manufacture of pigiron began in 1880 with the putting in blast of the Edgar Thomson furnaces." That era had its beginning with the construction of

Jan 1, 1891

By T. Chen

One of the limitations of the 3-dimensional Lerchs-Grossmann pit optimisation algorithm has been the difficulty in calculating an optimum pit with variable wall slopes. The difficulties have been related to establishing various wall slopes without changing the sizes of the blocks used in the normal computation, but still retaining an optimum solution.

Jan 1, 1977

By O. Saeki

Dolomite-fluxed pellets have been produced at Kakogawa Works, Kobe Steel, Ltd., since August, 1975. The pellets contain 5.5 % dolomite and have a basicity (CaO/Si02) of 1.3. By charging 30-50 % of dolomite-fluxed pellets into the two large blast furnaces at Kakogawa, a low fuel rate of 450 kg per ton of pellets has been achieved with better furnace permeability and gas utilization. Laboratory studies show that dolomite-fluxed pellets have excellent high temperature properties, and that their softening and melting-down temperatures are about 50°C higher than those of lime-fluxed pellets, and that reducibility at 1250°C is increased from 25 to 70 %.

Jan 1, 1977

By T. Egleston

THERE has always been a-theory among those working placer mines that gold is both found " rusty," and becomes so under treatment, by which they mean, not that gold becomes coated with oxide of gold, bat that it is either coated superficially or alloyed with sortie substanee 'which prevents the ,contact with mercury, and thus precludes the possibility of amalgamation. To such conditions of the

Jan 1, 1881

The Delegation of American Engineers constituted by the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, the American Society of Civil Engineers, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, and the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, that visited France in December, 1918, in acceptance of the invitation extended by the Congrés General du Genie Civil consisted of the following: Representing the American Society of Civil Engineers, Major James F. Case, past president, Geo. F. Swain, vice-president, Nelson P. Lewis, treasurer, Geo. W. Tillson, past director, Geo. W. Fuller, director, A. M. Hunt. Representing the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, president, Chas. T. Main. Representing the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, past president, L. B. Stillwell. Representing the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers past-president, E. C. Spilsbury. The delegation organized on the way over by the choice of Major James F. Case as chairman, and Geo F. Swain as secretary. On arriving at Bordeaux, the Delegation was met by Mr. S. D. Brown, associate member of the American Society of Civil Engineers; and on its arrival in Paris it was joined permanently by the following attaches: Captain P. Charton, of the French Engineers, Delegate of the Commissariat-General to accompany the Delegation and serve as liaison officer; Captain Carpenter of the American Army; and Mr. Geo. Herdt, representing the Society of Civil Engineers of France. The object of the visit was to discuss with the French engineers the large engineering, problems now facing France. Engineering problems in their restricted technical sense came up for discussion practically not at all, for the French do not need advice nor assistance along strictly scientific lines. It was in the -larger and economic aspects of engineering, to aid in building up the industries and commerce of France, that our French associates desired to learn from the experience of the American Delegation.

Jan 9, 1919

By Walter Weeks

THE process of cooling air by allowing it to expand and do work in an engine is well known, but the theory of obtaining cold air by free expansion without the aid of an engine operating with cutoff has been little discussed. CASE I If compressed air is allowed to expand to the atmospheric pressure through an orifice in an air line that is supplied by a running compressor, no cooling results except the negligible one due to the Joule-Thompson effect, which will not be considered in this discussion. The effect of moisture will also be neglected.

Jan 1, 1937

Recognizing the fact that the problems of the committee named by the Board to prepare the "official ticket" for officers and Directors of the Institute are various and difficult; and desiring to assist this committee by setting forth some of the principles that should guide the committee and some of the qualifications that should be required of candidates, the following instructions are formulated and the Secretary is directed to publish them in MINING AND METALLURGY concurrently with the publication of the names of each newly appointed Nominating Committee and to send a copy to each member of the, Committee.

Jan 1, 1946

WITH the present mobilization program in full swing and the enrollment in engineering colleges dropping off, many solutions are offered to relieve the shortage of trained men in the engineering profession. Industry can absorb about 30,000 engineers annually, according to the Engineers Joint Council, and forecasts indicate that the number graduating will have dropped from 38,000 in 1951 to about 12,000 in 1954. If this condition were to continue there would probably not be enough people with technical training to run industry in four or five years.

Jan 12, 1951

By J. Ehner Thomas, M. D. Gould

Until four years ago the market price of oil securities moved directly and immediately with the general list. This point, was first developed by the senior author in 1924 while making a statistical study of the relative movement of oil securities and the general market. Plotting the monthly averages of 17 oils against 233 industrials disclosed the sur- prising relationship shown in Fig. 1. The traditional vagaries of the oil business, the wide fluctuations in current supply and resulting abrupt changes in crude prices nevertheless produced no movements in the market price of oil securities as a group, which departed notably from the movements of the general market. Obviously general business conditions did not always change when and as conditions in the oil industry changed; clearly the fluctuations of

Jan 1, 1929

Map

Jan 1, 1957

By Ernest P. Hall

At the SME Fall Meeting held in Phoenix, Ariz. last October, Ernest P. Hall, addressing an Air and Water Pollution session, noted that water pollution caused by acid drainage from bituminous coal measures had begun long before recorded history. "Until recently," he said, "man did not begin to understand the physical phenomena which took place to cause [it] and even today he does not know what can be done to prevent it." CAUSES "It is known from the reports of early explorers that drainage from bituminous coal measures was causing water pollution before coal mines were opened on this continent. They noted the nature of the polluted water in the runs and creeks and predicted the presence of substantial deposits of coal based on the appearance and character of the water. Even today, polluted water drains from virgin coal areas which have not been touched by mining machines," Mr. Hall said.

Jan 1, 1966

By Joseph P. Hodgson

JOSEPH P. HODGSON.-As to ".Safety First," I did not deal with that, but I will say that in 1913, the number of .men killed was nine, and that year the "safety first" program was commenced; the next year, 1914, the number was reduced to five. In 1915, I am pleased to say that the number was reduced to two in the Copper Queen's entire property, and we have none so far this year. THE CHAIRMAN (G. F. G. HERMAN, Bisbee, Ariz.).-I can say, further, that we have from eight to nineteen men per month incapacitated for more than 14 days. Those are classified in this State as serious accidents. The number of men injured has apparently increased, -but that is clue to our improved method of recording and classifying accidents, no matter how slight. C. W. GOODALE, Butte, Mont.-The importance of cooperation among the members of the staff of an industrial organization is well brought out by Mr..Hodgson's paper.

Jan 12, 1916

By D. Torrey

Considering the two great interests of to-day, in iron upon the one hand and steel upon the other, and recognizing with measurable distinctness the peculiar fitness of each for special services to which they are applied, the proposition to unite the two metals in combination, to bring into simultaneous use the peculiar advantages which each offers, has great attractions. The limited success which has been attained by trying to bring about such combinations of the two metals through the use of fluxes in welding, has led to the general adoption of the opinion that an effective union of the two metals is impracticable, or to the view that if practicable it would have but limited commercial value. Such opinions are, I think, premature and erroneous, and having gained some knowledge of the character and value of the "Wheeler process" for welding iron and steel without the use of fluxes, I submit the following observations and opinions of the matter for your information, with the hope of eliciting such a discussion of the subject as it may require. The principle of the invention is to bring the two metals simultaneously to a welding heat in one pile, and then to manipulate it.

Jan 1, 1879