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By R. E. G. Caines, P. Alport

"Operating heavy equipment in Labrador, where the winters are 8 months long and the temperature frequently drops below -40°F (-40°C) for days and sometimes weeks presents unique problems in both the operation and maintenance junctions. Winterization programs must be well designed and implemented at the proper time. These programs must include the proper selection of fuel oil, engine oil, hydraulic oils, greases, cooling system fluids, etc. More often than not, modifications have to be made to the original equipment in order that it can be operated safely and economically in the Canadian North. Manufacturers usually design equipment for a less harsh environment and the user makes adaptations by trial and error.Operators have to be trained for the proper operation on ice- and snow-covered roads in an open-pit mine. Special emphasis must be put on haulage road conditions. In this paper, the authors will cover some specific maintenance procedures, equipment modifications and operator training problems experienced by the Iron Ore Company of Canada in its open-pit operation in Labrador.IntroductionT he Iron Ore Company of Canada is engaged in open-pit mining , concentrating and pelletizing of iron ore. The company operates in two provinces, Quebec and Newfoundland (Fig . 1) . The Knob Lake operation "", based in Schefferville, Quebec, has mine sites located both in Labrador and Quebec . The Caro l Lake Project is situated in Labrador, 25 kilometres east o f the Quebec border at Labrador City. The Carol operation mines, concentrates and pelletizes it s o re before rail transportation to the seaport o f Sept-lies via the Quebec North Shore and Labrador Railway."

Jan 1, 1984

By T. W. Sullivan

"This paper explores the history of AC static variable frequency control drive systems on open cast mining machinery, in particular electric mining shovels and electric walking draglines, over the past ten years. It critiques the peformance of these drive systems from a productivity and operating cost standpoint and evaluates the over-all success of the original design concepts as they were envisaged in the 1970s. The paper details the state-of-the-art as it exists today as well as design improvements contemplated for the immediate future.IntroductionConsidering the fact that the very first successful application of an alternating current electrical distribution system occurred at the Gold King gold mine near Ames, Colorado, U.S.A., in the year 1891, it seems somewhat ironic that almost 100 years later, AC excavator drive systems are just now becoming commonplace in the mining industry.If one were to read the biography of Lucien L. Nunn, the first person to successfully install a commercially viable alternating current power distribution system, one would quickly visualize a parallelism between his fight to achieve acceptance of his new lower cost technology and that of those commissioned with the belief that AC static variable frequency control drive systems are not only a better performing, lower cost drive system for mining excavators today, but moreover, the drive systems of the future in our industry.This paper will deal with the evolution and incorporation of AC static drive systems on open cast mining excavators. It will trace the history of the development of these drive systems in the mining industry, the current state-of-the-art concerning these systems, and what the future holds for these excavators in our industry."

Jan 1, 1990

By Takanori Kokubo, Kenta Suzuki, Tomohiro Sasaki, Toshiya Anami

"Previous work has shown that the strengthening Al-Mn alloys with copper leads to the formation of an undesirable reduction in recrystallized grain size. In this study the mechanisms of strengthening and recrystallization behavior in a continuously cast automotive heat exchanger fin stockof Al-1.1wt%Mn-0.5wt%Fe-0.3wt%Si with a0.3wt%Cu addition were investigated. Metallurgical analysis revealed that the Cu strengthening was dominated by the formation of dispersoid particles, while solid solution strengthening decreased with the Cu additions. This result is attributed to the decrease in the amount of Mn solid solution. The post brazing recrystallized grain size was reduced compared to that not containing Cu. It is postulated that the Cu addition leads to a decrease in the amount of Mn in solid solution which leads to a finer grain size. This effect is attributed to Mn in the aluminum matrix inhibiting boundary migration but allowing other grains to grow during heat treatment. The results are rationalized based on particle stimulated nucleation (PSN), wherein dispersoid particles are more likely to become active recrystallization nuclei during the heat treatment. The increase in the number of active dispersoid particles with Cu addition is correlated to the recrystallized grain structure.INTRODUCTIONImprovements in properties such as strength, braze ability and corrosion resistance in thermal fin stock alloys are all means to gain improved efficiency in heat exchangers particularly in automotive applications. While Al-Mn alloys dominate automotive heat exchanger fin stock alloy, even small chemical compositional changes can profoundly influence these properties (Kawaharaet al., 2004; Yoshino et al., 2009). The microstructure (particularly the grain size and shape) also plays a key role in determining the product performance and hence the thermo-mechanical processing (TMP) must also be considered. The casting method (typically conventional direct chill, DC, or continuous casting) significantly influences the properties in no small part due to the very different TMP routes that are used. Continuous casting is generally favored for fin stock applications as its higher cooling rate (which can be 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than DC casting) leads to finer as-solidified intermetallic particles and an increase in super-saturated solid solution elements (such as Mn)that are known to improve fin stock performance such as strength, braze ability(Okiet al., 2008)."

Jan 1, 2018

By G. W. R. Kuzyk

"Hydraulic drills, recently implemented at the Tantalum Mining Corporation of Canada, Limited, Bernie Lake Mine, are proving to be an economic alternative to pneumatic drilling systems. The paper describes the application of an electric-hydraulic drill jumbo to the mechanized room-and-pillar mine and its performance. The application of these drills resulted in improved environmental and working conditions.Drill rods and bits are a major cost centre in hard-rock mining applications. The paper also discusses the performance of one manufacturer's product used on the hydraulic drills.IntroductionThe Tantalum Mining Corporation of Canada, Limited (TANCO) started producing tantalum ore from its Bernie Lake pegmatite in 1969. The pegmatite, encased in amphibolite, is shallow seated and flat lying. It is defined by diamond drilling along 4,000 feet of strike and 1,500 feet down dip, ranging in thickness from 60 to 280 feet. Relatively well defined zones of mineralization occur within the pegmatite and form separate orebodies of tantalum, lithium and cesium."

Jan 1, 1981

By A. M. Elmahdy, T. Hirajima, M. Farahat

"Separation of molybdenite from chalcopyrite is mainly achieved through flotation technique to raise their grades up to 25% to be extracted in smelters. However, molybdenite recovery and grade obtained from this process is not satisfactory in most cases due to the natural hydrophobicity of both minerals. The influence of conventional heat treatment on pure chalcopyrite and molybdenite minerals was investigated. X-ray diffraction, TG-DTA and XPS techniques were applied before and after heat treatment. The results showed phase changes for both minerals. Magnetic separation experiments of single and mixture of both minerals at several magnetic intensities were made. For single mineral experiments, 100% molybdenite recovery was obtained at all experimental conditions as non-magnetic fraction whereas ca. 100% chalcopyrite recovery was achieved under certain conditions. In case of 1:1 binary mixture, 87% and 83% molybdenum and copper recoveries, respectively, were obtained. The increase in chalcopyrite magnetic recovery is related to the formation of more magnetic phases as confirmed by characterization techniques.The objective of this study is to increase the magnetism of chalcopyrite to make its separation from molybdenite by magnetic separation possible and to understand the mechanism behind it. These results indicate that it may be possible to upgrade molybdenite ores using heat treatment followed by magnetic separation to the required grade by smelters which is difficult to attain by froth flotation and the other techniques."

Jan 1, 2016

By H. Warren Newcomen, Dennis C. Martin

"This paper describes the investigation of a large, progressive slope failure on the southeast wall of the east pit at Highmont Mine, British Columbia Geotechnical investigation s consisted of geological and structural mapping, assessment of blasthole drilling records, review of rock core information, slope movement monitoring and back analysis of various possible failure modes. Climate records and mining history were also assessed to determine their relationship to slope movement .Analysis of movement monitoring records and geotechnical information indicates that the failure is deep seated. The upper portion of the failure surf ace occurs along clay filled discontinuities. The lower portion of the failure surf ace appears to occur through the highly altered rock mass. High groundwater pressures and mining at the toe of the slope are documented to have had a major influence on stability at various times during the failure. Stability analyses results are presented and possible remedial measures are discussed.IntroductionHighmont Mine is located near Logan Lake in the Highland Valley approximately 50 km southwest of Karnloops, British Columbia (Fig. I). Mining of the porphyry copper and molydenum ore bodies began in 1980. In May, 1983, when mining in the east pit had progressed to a depth of about 60 m (200 feet) , a failure (designated the Southeast Failure) began to develop in the southeast corner of the east pit. Subsequent mining to a depth of 110m (360 feet) was accompanied by frequent and substantial slope movements involving between 500000 and I 000 000 m3 of rock . The slope was monitored extensively to assess short-term movement trends for operational safety. Geological mapping, core logging and rock mechanics testing were used in conjunction with the long-term monitoring information to determine the failure mechanism, conduct stability analyses, assess the effects of instability on pit design and enable design and installation of remedial measures."

Jan 1, 1988

By G. Swan

"The selection of material comprising a backfill is, of economic necessity, site dependent. Nevertheless, given the existing range of typical components-coarse waste, alluvial sand, tailings a balanced or optimal choice is no straightforward matter. A new design approach toward deciding what constitutes an optimum combination of backfill material promises to be useful. In particular a 'binder ' number, based on the mean distance between aggregate particles, specific surface and cement content, is proposed. Using this number, related empirically to compressive strength, the expected mechanical performance of any cemented fill can be predicted.IntroductionOver the years a considerable volume of information has accumulated on mine backfill material design. The principal aggregate component has been deslimed mill tailings, though more recently admixtures of rock waste, sand and tailings are quite common. For these materials uniaxial compressive strength and percolation rate properties are known to be controlled by, among other things, aggregate grading. While empirical formulae exist for relating grading to percolation rates, considerable uncertainty exists concerning strength development."

Jan 1, 1985

By William Skinner, Jim Pae Lem, Massimiano Zanin

It is well known that the specific density of minerals has adverse influence on the classification performance of a hydrocyclone, particularly when liberated high density minerals such as gold or uranium are present in sulphide ores. These liberated heavy minerals often misreport to the underflow and recirculate to the system. Such phenomena does result in serious issues in a closed-grinding circuit, such as overgrinding, leading to production of flaky particles (as in gold) or ultrafines, in addition to increased energy inefficiency. In plants which present gold liberated at coarser size, loss of gold due to cyclone inefficiency is sometimes prevented by incorporating gravity concentrators into the grinding circuit to recover the gold. The work reported in this paper looks at whether the effect of density will prevent successful rejection of liberated U-bearing minerals in the –10µm size range of a plant re-cleaner feed, which is necessary to minimize penalty U accumulation in a copper concentrator. The study was carried out using a cyclone rig with spigot diameter of 0.25 inches in combination with batch flotation. It was found that the density effect is almost negligible at particle sizes below 10µm. Consequently, the liberated U-bearing particles finer than 10 µm were successfully removed in the overflow stream as rejects and hence U grade in the copper concentrate remarkably reduced, by 16 ppm. Based on the results, de-sliming of the re-cleaner feed was recommended for plant trial and implementation.

Jan 1, 2016

By Royston Colbourne

Objectives Of Presentation - Identify specific risks - A fresh look at risk - Provide a moment reflection on risk - Open discussion on risk A route to solution and advanced thinking.

May 1, 2010

By G. Hu, P. Chang

"As hydraulic fracturing is forbidden in some countries due to its accompanying environmental pollutions, microwave fracturing was proposed as a substitute technology to enhance coal seam permeability. Its mechanism includes: on the one hand, thermal stress caused by non-uniform microwave heating leads to fracture development in coal body, which increases coal seam permeability for gas; on the other hand, moisture within the coal body that hinders gas desorption and diffusion is removed during this process. To study the effect of moisture content on fracture development under microwave irradiation, high resolution photographs were taken before and after microwave treatment. These photographs were then binarized and skeletonized. Based on the processed photographs, the total area were calculated using ImageJ. The results showed that coal samples with 0% and 25% water saturation have more variation in fracture development as compared to that of samples with 50%, 75% and 100% water saturation. This study can be very useful in gas drainage and gas control in coal mines. INTRODUCTION Coalbed methane (CBM) is a clean energy source as well as a natural hazard to underground mining (Kurnia, Sasmito, & Mujumdar, 2014; Ranathunga, Perera, & Ranjith, 2014). One of the main goals of mine ventilation is diluting methane and removing underground contaminants (Xu, Huang, Nie, Chalmers, & Yang, 2017). Coalbed methane (CBM) has to be extracted prior and during underground mining to avoid methane outburst and explosion accidents. However, with the increase of mining depth, the coal permeability decreases significantly, which makes it hard to extract the methane (Huang, Xu, Hu, Kizil, & Chen, 2018). To enhance the coal seam permeability, many CBM recovery methods have been applied on-site, such as hydraulic fracturing and enhanced coalbed methane (ECBM). However, hydraulic fracturing is restricted due to environmental concerns and ECBM is only suitable for the coal seam with relative large permeability (Bustin, Bustin, Chikatamarla, Downey, & Mansoori, 2016; Huang, Xu, Chen, & Chen, 2018; Huang, Xu, Hu, et al., 2018)."

Jan 1, 2019

By Ram Song, Yohei Harada, Shinji Kumai, Kazuho Otsuka

"Recently, vertical-type high-speed twin-roll casting (HSTRC) has been developed. The HSTRC shows extremely high cooling rates over 1,000 K/s even at the mid-thickness area. The fabricated strip has many metallurgical characteristics; super-saturation of alloying elements, fine solidified structure, and homogeneous distribution of fine constituent particles. In Al-Mn based alloys, the Mn alloying element can be supersaturated in the a-Al matrix and also form Mn-containing constituent particles during solidification. The Mn supersaturation and the distribution of primary/secondary particles in cast products affect the metallurgical behavior in the down-stream processing and can improve mechanical properties of the final products. In this study, Al-Mn based alloy strips were fabricated by HSTRC with various Mn contents. The solidified microstructure, constituent particles and its distribution, and Mn solubility were investigated in the as-cast condition. Due to the high cooling rate of HSTRC, fine constituent particles were homogeneously distributed, and coarse intermetallics were not observed. Mn solid solubility was estimated by electrical conductivity. The estimated Mn solubility was equivalent between strip surface and mid-thickness area.INTRODUCTION Al-Mn based alloys, as non-heat treatable wrought aluminum alloys, are widely used in packaging and heat exchanger for automobile industry. Besides Mn, Al-Mn based alloys often contain Fe and/or Si as alloying elements or natural impurities. During solidification, Mn can be super-saturated in the Al matrix, and also form Mn-containing constituent particles. Additionally, in the subsequent thermal-mechanical processes such as homogenization, rolling, and intermediate annealing, Mn in solid solution precipitates out of the Al matrix as secondary particles. The size, distribution, type, and the amount of dispersoids including constituent particles affect to texture evolution, recrystallization behavior, and final mechanical properties of wrought Al-Mn based alloys (Huang et al., 2016; Huang & Marthinsen, 2015; Engler et al., 1995; Muggerud et al., 2013). Therefore, controlling the initial level of Mn super-saturation and the distribution of constituent particles are important in the cast Al-Mn based alloys."

Jan 1, 2018

By M. Moats, J. A. Gonzalez

A review of operating practices in zinc electrowinning plants is presented in this paper. Surveys were sent to several zinc electrowinning plants and data provided by some of these plants was compiled in a database. Information about anodes and cathodes, electrolyte composition, stripping methods, cells, electrical systems, and additives was compiled and analyzed. From the data analysis, correlations between operating variables are presented. Recent trends in operational practices are also highlighted.

Jan 1, 2008

By A. W. Jacob

THE shatter cut, or burn cut as it is often called, is one in which the centre of the round is almost reamed out by drilling holes so close together that the blasting of a few holes shatters the rock embraced by all of them. The idea of shattering the centre of a face by shooting holes drilled parallel to one another is not new. Some miners have used this method for years past, when drilling quartz or a face near timber. But, they followed the age-old practice of first blasting the cut, then the square-up. It was not thought possible to shoot both together. In the case of machine men, the two largest contributors to silicosis are dust from drilling and dust from blasting. It follows, then, that material reduction of exposure to either constitutes an important step in lessening the incidence o silicosis. It was? the hope of being able to do away with the necessity of the men having to return early to a face, through dust concentrations of 60,000 to 80,000 particles per cubic centimeter, that aroused interest "in the shatter cut at McIntyre. Efforts to this end were successful. Now, with this kind of cut, all holes of a round are shot simultaneously.

Jan 1, 1942

By R. Flood

"Oil has been discovered off Newfoundland in a number of locations on the Grand Banks, the most notable and exciting being in 1979 when Hibernia was discovered. This discovery has brought new challenges to the province as well as to all of Canada. During the seven years"" since its discovery, both industry and governments have attempted to define its parameters and to find the most efficient and economical way to develop the field.A number of studies have been completed during the interval and in 1985, Mobil Canada Ltd. and partners stated that they would prefer to develop the field by using a concrete Gravity-Based Structure (GBS). IntroductionHibernia is located in an environmental climate much more severe than that of any previously developed oil field. The wind and wave conditions are similar to those of the North Sea, but unlike the North Sea, any structure on the Grand Banks would have to contend with ice floes and icebergs. Decisions had to be made on whether fixed structures could be put in place that would withstand the pressures of the ice and the impact of an iceberg, or whether structures that could be removed when such impacts were imminent would be used.Early studies in 1981, determined that it was possible to build a concrete Gravity-Based Structure which could withstand the impact of the largest icebergs that are anticipated to float in that area of the banks.Additional studies increased the knowledge of icebergs: their patterns and size, and verified the original conclusions that Concrete Gravity-Based platforms would provide a practical solution."

Jan 1, 1988

By V. ?. Chanturiya, G. P. Dvoychenkova, ?. Ye. Kovalchuk

"Several mineralogical investigations have revealed the composition of modified kimberlites and the mud generated during treatment of diamonds, which contains up to 50% clay minerals (e.g., talc, talcsaponite, chlorite-saponite, Na-saponite) and X-ray amorphous phase. We investigated the composition of the natural diamond surface in relation to the diagnosed minerals and established the sequence and conditions for mineral formation on the crystal surface under kimberlite processing conditions. This article suggests a method to destroy and further dissolve minerals on the crystal surfaces using water system electrolysis products, which makes it possible to restore the diamond hydrophobic properties. The application of chemically treated water in the foam separation cycle under the conditions of high recovery of diamonds made it possible to increase the content of the factory concentrate by 8.0%.INTRODUCTIONThe high content of the modified minerals in the kimberlite ore results in the formation of hydrophilic slicks on the surface of the crystals which decreases the diamond’s hydrophobic properties and increases the losses thereof in the process of grease and foam separation to 20-30% (Kurenkov, 1957; Chanturiya et al., 1998, 1999, 2005; Duikarev et al., 2000).The previous researches have revealed the fact that the prospective way of solving the problem of intensity of mineral impurities formation on the surface of the crystals and the increase of concentration parameters is reached due to application of physical and chemical stimulation techniques on the solid and liquid pulp (Stricland-Constable, 1971; “Improvement of the technology…”, 2006; Makarskii, Adodin & Tarasova, 2011; Chanturiya, Dvoychenkova & Trofimova, 2012). However, the main task of investigations to stipulate the objective achievement is the studying and justification of the reasons of the diamond surfaces covering by the mineral slicks"

Jan 1, 2016

By H. Warren Newcomen, Dennis C. Martin

"This paper describes the investigation of a large, progressive slope failure on the southeast wall of the east pit at Highmont Mine, British Columbia Geotechnical investigation s consisted of geological and structural mapping, assessment of blasthole drilling records, review of rock core information, slope movement monitoring and back analysis of various possible failure modes. Climate records and mining history were also assessed to determine their relationship to slope movement.Analysis of movement monitoring records and geotechnical information indicates that the failure is deep seated. The upper portion of the failure surf ace occurs along clay filled discontinuities. The lower portion of the failure surf ace appears to occur through the highly altered rock mass. High groundwater pressures and mining at the toe of the slope are documented to have had a major influence on stability at various times during the failure. Stability analyses results are presented and possible remedial measures are discussed.IntroductionHighmont Mine is located near Logan Lake in the Highland Valley approximately 50 km southwest of Karnloops, British Columbia (Fig. I). Mining of the porphyry copper and molydenum ore bodies began in 1980. In May, 1983, when mining in the east pit had progressed to a depth of about 60 m (200 feet) , a failure (designated the Southeast Failure) began to develop in the southeast corner of the east pit. Subsequent mining to a depth of 110m (360 feet) was accompanied by frequent and substantial slope movements involving between 500000 and I 000 000 m3 of rock . The slope was monitored extensively to assess short-term movement trends for operational safety. Geological mapping, core logging and rock mechanics testing were used in conjunction with the long-term monitoring information to determine the failure mechanism, conduct stability analyses, assess the effects of instability on pit design and enable design and installation of remedial measures."

Jan 1, 1988

By H. R. Taylor

The history and development of this property is more or less familiar to nearly everyone connected with the mining industry, so that only a brief outline of the more important facts will be given in this article. In 1916, a small pilot mill was constructed by the British Columbia Copper Company at Copper Mountain, and during 1916 and 1917 test work was conducted to determine the possibility of concentrating the ore and also to work out a suitable flow-sheet. In the spring of 1917, the location of a mill site at Allen by, which is about 8,% miles from Copper Mountain, and near the Similkameen river, was decided on, and the designing of a 2,000-ton plant was then worked out by Bradley, Bruff and Labarthe. Early in 1918, the actual construction of the concentrator began, and, after considerable labour difficulties, it was completed in 1920. During this period of construction, the West Kootenay Power Company ran a 60,000-volt power line over from Greenwood, a distance of 102 miles, and also built a sub-station at Allenby to take care of the mine and mill. The concentrator was started up on October 20th, 1920, and ran until December 11th, 1920, a total of 18,354 tons of ore being milled. The results of this short period of operation were encouraging, but, due to tlie prevailing low price of copper and high wages, it was necessary to shut down until a more favourable time. During the latter half of 1923, some work was done on remodelling the mill. This work continued until January 8th, 1924, when it was suspended.

Jan 1, 1929

By C. Denis Thibodeau

Outline Introduction 402 OB Mining Sequence Trial to Verify Sequence Change Monitoring Observations Numerical Modelling Conclusion

May 1, 2013

By L. Hutton, S. W. Colley

"The release of soluble salts of base metals from acid mine pits and in the waste water from metal refiners is an avoidable source local pollution and contamination. Tightening of the regulations controlling natural resource extraction and industrial wastewater discharge is mandating the removal and recovery of metals from waste streams, and the remediation of contaminated sites. There is an economic incentive in recovering the valuable copper and nickel, as the value of the recovered metal can offset remediation costs and for high flow waste streams can be a source of income. Extraction of metals from waste streams by conventional Ion Exchange and chelation resins is widely practised, but has limitations on applicability in complex and dilute feeds due to the structure and properties of polymeric resin beads. Composite Advanced Ion Exchange (AIX) materials have been developed for the recovery and purification of base metals from base metal mining and metal processing industries. A silica-composite based resin has been developed for the selective extraction of copper from high iron containing feeds. This resin can be eluted with sulfuric acid yielding a copper stream suitable for return to solvent extraction or to electrowinning. We describe the development and application of the resin and process to two acid mine drain feeds of varying copper and iron concentrations, and show that the copper concentration can be considerably upgraded even at small scale with a final metal content of >95% copper.INTRODUCTIONWaste water with high sulphate concentrations, low pH and containing complex and variable mixtures of metals is an inevitable product in the mining, extraction and metal refining industries. One problematical water source is Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) which in addition to the metals of interest also contains a wide range of contaminating elements. Purge streams from metal refining are less complex in composition but contain significant quantities of the value metals. The typical treatment of such waste streams is treatment with lime to increase the pH of the water, precipitating the dissolved metals and sulphate as a sludge of mixed metal oxides/hydroxides and sulphates. The process is effective in producing a water stream that can be safely discharged but if there are significant concentrations of value metals such as copper, nickel, zinc then there can be a considerable loss of metal value."

Jan 1, 2016

By H. Fuchs, W. Hilger, E. Prosser

"The Lone Gull discovery of Urangesellschaft Canada Limited was made in 1974 as a result of extensive exploration activities for unconformity related uranium deposits in the Baker Lake area of the Northwest Territories. The structurally controlled mineralization is hosted in Aphebian metasediments and intrusive granitic stocks located approximately 2 km south of the unconformity between the Lower Proterozoic Aphebian and the Middle Proterozoic The/on Formation.The original discovery was made with a helicopter mounted radiometric system during systematic prospection over the unconformity. Diamond drilling was first carried out in 1977 and continued, with an interruption in 1981, to the present. A total of 25,500 metres and 199 holes have been drilled and outlined three ore zones. Preliminary geological reserves are estimated at some 16 million kgs. U30 8 at an average grade of approximately 0.4%.IntroductionUrangesellschaft initially entered exploration in Canada as a participant in joint ventures in 1968, and was incorporated in Canada in 1974 as Urangesellschaft Canada Limited. Subsequently, UG was among the first companies to apply exploration criteria developed from the Athabasca Basin, namely the Middle Proterozoic unconformity over Archean/ Aphebian basement, for selection of exploration targets in the geologically similar Thelon Basin.The Baker Lake area in the Keewatin District of the Northwest Territories was selected from the extensive Thelon Basin because it had the best accessibility (Fig. 1). The hamlet of Baker Lake located close to the geographical centre of Canada, is largely an Inuit settlement with a population of approximately 1,100 inhabitants. The distance from Baker Lake to the Lone Gull property is about 80 km. Baker Lake is connected to the tidewater of Hudson's Bay via Chesterfield inlet and is serviced by scheduled domestic flights several times weekly from Churchill, Manitoba, about 650 km to the south."

Jan 1, 1986