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By N. S. Parate

Detailed analysis is given of the influence of water on the strength of limestone. The mechanism involved in strength reduction is described. Such analysis is of importance in geological, civil, constructional, mining, and metallurgical engineering and is closely associated with the rock mechanics involved in these areas. Mine dumping, slope stability, excavations, sedimentation, etc., are very much affected by the presence of water. Tensile stresses, which have an important role in the development and propagation of fissures, are produced by water in cracks. The development of fissures can be responsible over a long period of time for an ultimate, catastrophic failure.

Jan 1, 1974

By AIME AIME

CLYDE WILLIAMS, after graduating from the University of Utah as a chemical engineer, worked for a time in western mills and smelters. He then joined the U. S. Bureau of Mines and during the World War studied Ordnance Department and Navy problems on ferroalloys and alloy steels at the Cornell University laboratories. Later, as superintendent of the Northwest Experiment Station of the Bureau, he was active in electric furnace and ore reduction work. Clyde then went to South America and surveyed the iron and fuel resources of the Argentine. Returning, he became chief metallurgist of the Columbia Steel Corp., of

Jan 1, 1936

By James M. Henderson, John B. Pfeiffer

The recently completed liquid sulfur dioxide plant at American Smelting and Refining Co.'s Tacoma copper smelter in Washington last April is one step by the firm to meet ambient air quality standards in the vicinities of its three US copper smelters. At a capital cost of $18.5 million, the liquid SO2 plant will work together with an existing sulfuric acid plant to treat all gases generated by the copper converters. Designed to handle up to 45,000 cfm of converter gas utilizing the Dimethylaniline (DMA) process, this plant is expected to recover about 51% of the total smelter input.

Jan 11, 1974

By G. Sachs, E. P. Klier, W. Beck

HYDROGEN embrittlement of steels has recently attracted much attention because it is asso- ciated with a variety of failures, especially those of aircraft structural components.' For instance, one of the undesirable properties of the ultra-high strength steels used for landing gears is their pronounced susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement during plating. The presence of hydrogen in these steels becomes particularly apparent through delayed or sustained load failures of parts which have been subjected to low loads for an extended time. A number of variables are involved in causing a reduction of strength and ductility through hydrogen

Jan 1, 1957

By Alexander L. Holley

A CHARACTERISTIC, and, to Americans, an amusing discussion of the three-high rail-mill, arose out of the reading of Mr. Lauth's paper on three-high plate-mills, at the Glasgow meeting of the Iron and Steel Institute. From the report of the meeting in the English papers, it appears that Mr. Menelaus, the celebrated rail-maker of Dowlais, could not wait for the discussion of Lauth's plate-mill, but launched at once into the British objections to the three-high rail-mill, which is quite another matter. The American mill, which is very different in principle and ar288

By R. F. Sheldon

Largest uranium deposit in the Northwest is Dawn Mining Co.'s Midnite mine on the Spokane Indian B Reservation. The orebodies lie along the contact of granite and metamorphosed sedimentary rock and are controlled by faults and shear zones near the granite contact. In the oxidized zone the deposits consist mainly of the secondary uranium mineral meta-autunite; sooty uraninite and primary uranium minerals are known to occur at greater depths. Elevations in the mine area range from 2500 to 3500 ft. The rolling hills and low, rounded mountains are covered with grass and evergreen trees.

Jan 5, 1959

By L. L. Davis

Current research by the US Bureau of Mines to develop technology for improving efficiency and productivity in metal/nonmetal mines is described. The research program addresses a wide variety of problems associated with each of the major categories of mining: underground mining, surface mining, m situ mining, and premining investigations. An overview of the Bureau's research activities is given with emphasis on underground mining. In particular, two innovative and promising concepts currently under development are described: a unique shaft sinking system that uses an impact hammer for rock fragmentation, and a low-profile portable crusher for underground hard-rock applications.

Jan 1, 1982

By Carville E. Sparks, Rollin Farmin

TRIAL installations of rock bolts, of the slit-rod- and-wedge type, were under way at several units of Day Mines, Inc., when Korean hostilities interrupted the already slow deliveries of steel bars to the Coeur d'Alene district. Factory-made bolts had not yet been put on the local market, so the program was halted for lack of supplies. Interest was revived by a visitor's description of wooden roof bolts. These were said to have been used briefly with apparent success in a coal mine, until apprehension voiced by the U. S. Bureau of Mines caused the practice to be suspended

Jan 9, 1953

By T. Y. Yan, W. F. Espewheid

The various ion exchange reactions occurring during restoration of formations contaminated with ammonia during in situ uranium leaching are reviewed. Data are presented on the restoration of a previously leached laboratory packed column wing lime saturated brine. Although this restoration fluid selectively and effectively removed the ammonia, 24.5 pore volumes are required to reduce the ammonia concentration from 500-3 mg/L (29- 0.18 gr per gal). The essence of NaCl in the restoration fluid at levels in formation water is beneficial in improving the selectivity of the system for NH4+ removal and reducing Ca + + ion consumption

Jan 1, 1984

By Dan Chun

Abstract-To facilitate the efficient handling of large volumes of information generated by logging exploration drill cores, a computer data bank system (GEOBANK) has been developed to store and retrieve the normally difficult to handle geologic information as well as the physical testing data. The data bank systematized the logging of drill core by first developing a standard list of adjectives or descriptors (with the corresponding assigned numerical codes) for the various stratigraphic categories that are also assigned numerical codes. The system uses the "floating-slot" concept and handles the data bank with one single input form.

Jan 9, 1978

By Walter E. Heinrichs

Before covering the separate methods used in mining geophysics, it may be well to mention some current basic geophysical prospecting concepts. As in most fields, a better understanding and means of studying these fundamentals usually provides the more common improvements, rather than new principles being discovered. The relative detail and complexity of most mining geology often results in the use of geophysics in problems it cannot solve. On the other hand, suitable applications are often ignored or left unrecognized. To minimize this, it is important to consider geophysics as a phase, or additional tool, in geological or exploration engineering.

Aug 1, 1956

By Merle L. Bowser, Lawrence W. Scott, John N. Murphy

The environmental status of underground mining operations is critical to the health and safety of the miners; particularly in a large mine, the multitude of interacting parameters that can favorably or adversely affect the environmental status makes the manpower requirement of the routine checking of specific areas and conditions a formidable one. While the concept of environmental monitoring for miners has been considered for some time, until recently the availability of sensors to reliably measure the parameters of interest severely limited the utility of such systems. The status of sensors for mine use and the evaluation of environmental monitoring systems is reviewed.

Jan 9, 1979

Merritt: Karl, you are a native New Englander, having been born in St. Albans, Vermont, in 1885. How did you decide on becoming a mining engineer? Twitchell: While I was attending St. Albans High School, my uncle, who had been the American Consul in Kingston, Ontario, for many years, told me of the excellent mining school there. He also introduced me to a Canadian mining engineer who sparked my interest in mining by noting the possibility of achieving personal success without always being under salary. Well, that appealed to me, so I applied to the Kingston School of Mines at Queen's University.

Jan 9, 1965

By H. F. Silver

Although the literature indicated that a hydrogen-ated coal bitumen might be used as a substitute for petroleum asphalt and road tar, no work could be found in which the material was actually used or evaluated as a road binder.' Therefore, a study was initiated to investigate the production and properties of a road binder made by hydrogenating coal in the presence of a solvent at elevated temperatures and pressures. HYDROGENATlON PROCEDURE Four different samples of sub-bituminous Wyoming coals and three samples of coals from other states, ranking from lignite to a low-volatile bituminous coal,

Jan 1, 1969

By R. Chanchani

It was reported earlier that francolite and dolomite from south Florida deposits cannot be selectively floated using conventional conditioning with sodium oleate as the collector. However, dolomite could be separated from francolite if the minerals were first conditioned at pH 10 followed by reconditioning at a lower pH. An optimum separation was achieved after reconditioning at a pH below 4.5. Reconditioning pH and collector concentration were determined to exert a major influence on the selectivity. Flotation, adsorption, and transmission infrared spectroscopic results are presented to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the observed selectivity.

Jan 1, 1986

By Edward Skewes

In view of the importance of the Cripple Creek district, the large amount of the publications concerning it, and the circumstance that many members of the Institute reside in it, or are familiar with it through repeated visits, it is surprising that our Transactions should have remained so long without any contributions on the subject. The same observations may be made with regard to the Witwatersrand, in South Africa, the other great productive gold-field of recent development. And I suppose the explanation is the same in both cases, namely, that the members of the Institute persoilally acquainted with the

Jan 1, 1897

In the death of Professor Hofman, the world has lost a great metallurgist and a great author of metallurgical literature. Measured in time, his life was not quite seventy-two years, but measured in work accomplished it was much longer than this. He was born Aug. 13, 1852 and died Apr. 28, 1924. It is not surprising that Doctor Hofman became a great scholar, for his father, Karl Hofman, was on the faculty of Heidelberg University, and his early days were spent in those surroundings. He studied in the university under such men as Kirchhoff and Bunsen and often spoke of his

Jan 1, 1924

By George Hale

(The following extracts from Mr. Hale's paper have been made by the Editor, as being of particular interest to our members.) In an address delivered on May 28, at the kind invitation of the Engineering Foundation, I briefly sketched "The War Activities of the National Research Council. "' The wide scope of my subject forced me to touch very lightly upon engineering; I therefore beg permission to return to this phase of the subject. As shown in my earlier address, the' charter membership of the National Academy of Sciences, organized in the midst of the Civil War,

Jan 10, 1918

By R. W. Callen, W. A. Hockings

This paper describes a computer program which calculates material balances for complex steady-state material flow circuits encountered in mineral processing. The program determines mass flows in the various process streams of a flowsheet from multicomponent analytical data obtained from samples of the streams. The program, Metallurgical Balance System (MBS), has been used extensively in treating Pilot plant test data, in production evaluation and control, and in plant design. The program performs well even on ill-conditioned data. Input to the program is easily accomplished by unskilled personnel and the output appears in well-formatted tables.

Jan 1, 1981

By G. J. Cardwell

The rock and mineral analyst will be called upon to determine both the major and minor constituents in materials as varied as rocks, soil, sediments, concentrates and various liquids. These analyses will have interactions requiring extraction, matrix modification, and background correction. Analytical methodologies include classical gravimetric methods, such as fire assay, emission spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, atomic absorption, inductively coupled plasma, and neutron activation. With these capabilities the analyst can be called on to determine three-fourths of the elements in the periodic table. How can the earth scientist pick the method best suited for his particular sample?

Jan 1, 1984