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By M. D. Cooper

UNDERGRADUATES in mining engineering may be prepared for work by giving them sound instruction in the courses generally considered essential to the profession. The industry is not deeply concerned about the details of those courses. The average man in the coal industry does not wish to insist upon a rigid program. Therefore, he differs little from those in the teaching profession who evidently are not unanimous in their opinions, or all college catalogs would be alike. For the good of the profession, it is just as well that there should be differences in regard to details. It appears that students graduating in mining engineering from the accredited institutions receive similar instruction.

Jan 6, 1950

By Robert Mehl

IT is generally understood by workers in the field of the crystal struce ture of metallic alloys that terminal solid solutions are of two types, the substitutional and the interstitial. In reviewing the literature, the work of Weiss1 on the crystal structure of the alpha copper-tin alloys wa-encountered, in which a new type of terminal solid solution was proposed. In brief, Weiss' findings showed that the density of the alloys calculated from the side of the unit face-centered cube on the assumption of simple substitution-that is, with four atoms to the unit face-centered cell-was much higher than the density measured directly. It was suggested that the assumption of four atoms to the unit cube is not valid for these alloys, and that each unit cube contained less than four atoms; in other words, that one tin atom replaces more than one copper atom, leaving some atomic positions unoccupied. Such a structure, if verified, would have far-reaching significance in the study of the crystal structure of metallic alloys. It would indicate a complexity in terminal solid solutions not hitherto suspected and might encourage work leading to the discovery of other alloys of the same type, and perhaps to types intermediate between it and the two recognized types. It is of importance, therefore, to reinvestigate these alloys with respect to the type of solid-solution structure obtaining therein.

Jan 1, 1929

Jan 1, 1935

(Under this heading will he published notes sent to the Secretary of the Institute by members or other persons introduced by members.) Member, mining engineer, technical education with 9 years' varied experience as superintendent and operating engineer, desires position with mining or manufacturing company requiring the services

Jan 3, 1918

By Theodore Barry

The task of developing controls in the mining and manufacturing industries to give them a tighter grip on operating costs has afforded this author an interesting vantage point for observing certain practices common to both industries. Of course, each of these industries has problems unique to itself, but all industries have many common problems. After all, every industry is a business and every business is concerned with the task of producing its wares as profitably as possible. While many differences between businesses in different industries are known, the author is convinced through experience that the mining industry has much more in common with the manufacturing industry than is generally acknowledged. Four principal questions come to mind in the comparison of mining with manufacturing: How different are the management control methods in these two worlds? How do both industries go about the task of controlling costs? How does the mining industry compare in terms of the effectiveness of its workers? And perhaps most important, what can the mining industry learn from what the manufacturing industry is doing?

Jan 11, 1962

Edwin H. MessiteR, New Pork City (communication to the Secretary*):—Under the heading " Flues," Mr. Edwards refers to the Bee-hive construction, a cross-section of which is shown in Fig. 4 of his paper. A flue similar to this was designed by me about six years ago,' in which the walls though much thinner than those described by Mr. Edwards gave entire satisfaction. These walls, from 2.25 in. thick throughout in the smaller flues, to 3.25 in. in the larger, were built by plastering the cement mortar on expanded-metal lath without the use of any forms, or cribs, whatever, at a cost of labor generally less then $1 per sq. yd. of wall. Of course, where plasterers cannot be obtained on reasonable terms, the cement can be molded between wooden forms, though it is difficult to see how it can be done with an interior core only as stated by Mr. Edwards. In regard to the effect of sulphur dioxide and furnace-gases on the cement, I have found that, in certain cases, this is a matter which must be given very careful attention. Where there is sufficient heat to prevent the existence of condensed moisture inside of the flue, there is apparently no action whatever on the cement, but if the concrete is wet, it is rapidly affected by these gases. At points near the furnaces there is generally sufficient heat not only to prevent internal condensation of the aqueous vapor always present in the gases, but also to evaporate water from rain or snow falling on the outside of the flue. Further along, a point is reached where rain-water will percolate through minute cracks caused by expansion and contraction, and reach the interior, even though internal condensation does not occur there in dry weather. From this point to the end of the flue the roof must be coated on the outside with asphalt paint or other impervious material. In very long flues a point may be reached where moisture will condense on the inside of the malls in cold weather. From this point to

Jan 1, 1905

For the benefit of those of our members who are considerable holders of securities, but owing to their isolated situations are not in close touch with the metropolitan market and current quotations, we are publishing PRICE TREND OF NEW YORK BOND MARKET This graph shows the average prices often railroad, ten industrial and five public utility bonds on the first business day of each month from January, 1915, to December, 1918, and the weekly fluctuations since January 1, 1919. two very interesting graphs, showing the course of the bond and stock markets in New York over a long period. These graphs are furnished through the courtesy of the financial department of the New York Tribune.

Jan 4, 1919

By N. A. Parlee, A. E. Lord

Measurements of the solubility of lead in liquid iron were made at 1550°, 1600°, 1650°, and 1700°C using two different methods, i.e., 1) liquid iron-liquid lead equilibration and 2) liquid iron-lead vapor equilibration. LEAD was long considered insoluble in liquid iron1. Today steels containing 0.15 to 0.35 pct Pb are used. One laboratory has found a solubility of about 0.5 pet in the 1600°C range. Recently Miller and Elliott2 gave 0.60 pct as the result of one determillation at 1540°C. Because these findings resulted from the

Jan 1, 1961

The name of this Committee, which was formerly known as the Committee on Increase of Membership, was changed in the revised Constitution adopted last year. At the same time, the form of organization and the functions of the Committee slightly altered. Previously it had concerned itself only with endeavoring to secure applications for membership from those who are, or should be, interested in the field of activities of the Institute and in a position to benefit from membership in it. The Committee was large and widely scattered, with the result that it was impracticable for it to hold meetings and discuss any of the larger problems involved in stimulating growth along sound and healthful lines. At the suggestion of last year's Chairman, the Assistant Secretary of the Institute, an executive committee of the main committee, consisting of two past presidents and three other members, each a prominent figure in one branch of the mineral industry, and with the past Chairman as executive secretary, was created to make a study of the general problems of membership. The first problem it took up was the membership structure of the Institute in its relation to beginners in the industry. After reviewing the organization of the three other national engineering societies and the experience of the Institute during the past ten years with the Junior Associate grade of membership, the Committee recommended to the Board of Directors, on Nov. 21, 1928, that this grade of membership be abolished and the two grades of Student Associate and

Jan 1, 1929

By Hugh Marriott

MANGANESE and its ores have been recently dealt with in comprehensive papers to the Iron and Steel Institute by Sir Robert Hadfield, and in a series of papers read before the A. I. M. E. at the Cleveland meeting. I have taken the opportunity of adding this mineral, to my records of the "World's Mineral Production and Consumption," as recently pub-lished in the Economist ?. The tables bring out the following significant facts: The world's production has increased by 10 per cent since 1913. India's production has increased by 3 per cent since 1.913, the supply from this source now being 31.1 per cent of the world's output. Russia is now producing at about half its pre-war rate and yields 19 per cent of the world's production. West Africa supplies 12.5 per cent of the world's total output. Brazil's present output is 2.5 times that of the pre-war period, being 11.3 per cent of the world's output.

Jan 9, 1927

Jan 1, 1935

WE the undersigned, being all persons of full age and citizens of the United States and a majority residents of the State of New York, desiring to form a corporation pursuant to the provisions of the Membership Corporations Law for the purpose of incorporating, as provided in Section 5 of Article I. of said law, the existing unincorporated association known as American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engi¬neers, Incorporated, do hereby make, acknowledge and file this Certificate for that purpose, and do Certify as follows: I. That the American Institute of Mining Engineers is an unincorporated association organized and existing with the object of promoting the arts and sciences connected with the economic production of the useful minerals and metals and the welfare of those employed in these industries by means of meetings for social intercourse and the reading and discussion of professional papers, and to circulate by means of publications among its members and associates the information thus obtained. II. That the persons duly appointed or designated to manage the affairs of said association are designated by the rules thereof Members of its Council; that the undersigned are all members of said Council as the same was constituted on the 29th day of December. 1904.

Jan 1, 1938

All indications point to a most interesting and successful meeting in Chicago on Sept. 22-27. Already 140 papers have been submitted to the Committee on Papers and Publications. Of this number 46 deal with pyrometry, 17 with iron and steel, and 24 with coal. The tentative program is as follows: PROGRAM OF CHICAGO MEETING Monday. Morning-Registration. Oil. Afternoon-Technical Sessions. Coal. Milling, Industrial, and Iron Geology. Evening-Smoker. Tuesday.- Morning and Afternoon-Excursion by boat to Gary and trip through United States Steel Co.'s plant. Technical session on Ferrous Metallurgy on the boat, return trip Evening-Technical Session. Wednesday. Morning-Technical Sessions {Ferrous Metallurgy. Mining. Afternoon-Technical Sessions {Ferrous Metallurgy. Non-ferrous Metallurgy... Evening-Banquet, Congress Hotel.

Jan 7, 1919

By Strathmore R. B. Cooke, Iwao Iwasaki

RECENTLY spectrophotometry has been reported to provide a convenient technique for the rapid and reproducible determination of xanthate concentration in pulp solutions,12 and for a kinetic study of xanthate decomposition in acid solutions." Since the application of this analytical technique is feasible for those compounds showing pronounced light absorption maxima in the near ultraviolet region, it was deemed advisable to investigate the absorption spectra of some of the organic compounds that are used in flotation. It is known empirically that certain groups of atoms in an organic compound cause characteristic light absorption in the ultraviolet and near ultraviolet range, and the wavelengths and intensities of the corresponding absorption maxima are relatively independent of the nature of the remainder of the compound. The characteristic values of such groups, which are known as chromophores, are given in the literature.4,5 According to this information, many of the sulphydryl compounds are expected to show absorption maxima in the near or long wavelength ultraviolet region, whereas the saturated fatty acids and the saturated alkylamines do not. This article reports the absorption spectra of the six following types of sulphydryl compounds; mono-, di-(xanthate), and trithiocarbonates, dithiocarba-mate, dithiophosphate (aerofloat), and mercaptan. A Beckman DU quartz spectrophotometer was used to investigate the spectra in the wavelength region of 215 to 350mp. Materials: All the mono-, di-, and trithiocarbonates used in this investigation were prepared in the usual manner" from appropriate compounds obtained from Eastman Distillation Product Industries. The dithiocarbonates included the normal alkyl compounds from methyl to octyl inclusive, as well as the isopropyl, isobutyl, and isoamyl xanthates. Iodo-metric titration gave 99.7 and 99.5 pct purity for

Jan 1, 1958

By G. P. White, J. M. Jones

Introduction Computer simulation is a technique that has been around for many years. Its applications include designing steel mills, planning space shots, or even developing ways to beat the casinos in Las Vegas. However, the use of computer simulation in surface coal mining is fairly recent. To promote its use, several government agencies, including the US Bureau of Mines, Forest Service, and Department of Energy, contracted with universities and private companies to develop computer simulation programs for surface coal mining. Some of these developers include McDonnell-Douglas Electronics Co., Pennsylvania State University, Montana State University, Fluor Mining and

Jan 1, 1985

By Richard Klimpel

In this paper various formulae are developed which can be used to estimate stream flow rates or weight ratios given information on the stream components. The type and level of experimental error present in the stream component analyses does have an important bearing on the numerical values (and reliability) of the weight ratios calculated by the various formulae. A simple but theoretically sound method is shown for selecting appropriate estimation formulae for any given engineering operation. The derived formulae are applied to sets of experimental classification data for illustration purposes.

Jan 1, 1980

By F. V. Greene

This paper is based on my experience in the use of asphalt, for paving and other purposes, during the last ten years, part of the

Jan 1, 1889

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Jan 1, 1938

By Robert L. Akre

When Marco Polo visited China in the 13th century, no one knew what black powder was except the Chinese: they knew enough to make dazzling fireworks with it. But the realization that black powder could also do useful work came much later and, like all important discoveries, it altered the course of history. It was in the 14th century that black powder was first used to break rock in a very crude way: there were no drills and the powder was simply poured into cracks and exploded by setting it afire. Because its energy value was pretty low, the need for something more powerful was felt when the industrial revolution arrived.

Jan 6, 1976

By Daniel T. Hegyan, Thomas B. Zugates

Continuous vacuum disk filters are increasingly being used to filter refuse from the fine-coal washing circuits as it becomes important to close the water circuits and eliminate sludge holding ponds. This paper discusses our past experience filtering refuse, effects of solids concentration in the filter feed, use of polymer flocculation aids, effect of flocculation devices, and effects of particle size and ash content on the filtration rate. Detailed tests were performed on existing installations utilizing coal refuse filters to determine optimum flocculant dosage, solids concentration, and disk rotation speed to form a dischargeable cake. Information was also obtained showing effect of flocculant addition on the moisture of the filter cake.

Jan 1, 1977