Search Documents

Jan 1, 1943

By E. E. Donath, W. L. Crentz, J. D. Doherty

The principal washing problems in preparing coal for the synthetic fuel industry may be stated as: (1) ash removal for the Bergius process; and (2) sulphur removal for the Fischer-Tropsch process. A study is made of the effect of ash on oil losses during the elimination of the nonliquefiable portions of the coal in the hydrogenation process. The oil loss increases with ash content and results in increased consumption of coal, hydrogen, and power.

Jan 4, 1950

By John V. Beall

New York was bathed in pale winter sunshine and, surprisingly, coatless weather. The time was the AIME Centennial and 100th Annual Meeting. From advance peeks into the fabulous schedule of events we were well aware that the Centennial Committee, New York Host Section and AIME staff' had pulled out all the stops, laying on the best of everything, but the weather gimmick was the frosting on the cake. The Formal Greetings Session on the first morning, Joe Alford confided, was the greatest AIME experience of his life. Without doubt the honor bestowed on AIME by the greetings and felicitations of the presidents of the world's leading professional engineering societies was the greatest moment in AIME history-save one. That one exception was in 1928, when 1920 AIME President Herbert C. Hoover was elected President of the United States.

Jan 1, 1971

By D. J. Mack, J. A. Mullendore

MUCH work has been reported in the literature on the separation of individual phases in steels, particularly carbides, for the purpose of structural and chemical analysis. The methods usually involve separation of the particles from the matrix by chemical or electrochemical methods. Another .group of alloys ideally suited for selective removal of one phase is the commercial aluminum bronzes. Al-

Jan 1, 1959

By Robert Bakish

VARIOUS aspects of structure-sensitive corrosion of single crystals and polycrystalline aggregates of Cu,Au have been presented in papers by the author, in association with W. D. Robertson. Prompted by some observations in the course of these studies, a new approach to the problem was undertaken. Results of these new experiments are reported here. Thin slices, less than 2 mm thick, were prepared from single crystals 3.5 mm in diam grown by the Bridgman technique. The crystals were homogen- ized for 300 hr at 850°C. Crystals with no deformation, crystals deformed in tension to the yield point, and crystals deformed 20 pct in excess of the yield point were used. Crystals of several different orientations were studied. Slices were immersed for one month in 2 pct aqueous solution of FeCl3 and, subsequent to this immersion, were subjected to bending. Immersion and bending were carried out at room temperature. The size and geometry of the crystals did not permit accurate data on the loads involved. A most unexpected result was obtained in the process of bending these slices of Cu3Au crystals normal to the (110) plane. Completely brittle be-

Jan 1, 1958

By Douglas M. Smith

Silver-gold ratios were studied at the Tayoltita epithermal vein deposit using channel sample, channel sample line, stope, ore body, and vein sample populations. The ratios are highly variable among individual channel samples (25:1 to greater than 500: 1) with both high and low values randomly distributed within ore bodies and veins. Whole vein ratios for the 14 most important ore producing structures range from 44: 1 to 105:1, and show zonal distribution relative to two small granitic stocks, low values closest to the intrusives. The zoned nature of the deposit suggests that the stocks, apophyses of an underlying batholith of late Eocene age, were the heat engines which powered the hydrothermal system responsible for ore deposition.

Jan 1, 1980

By P. Barnes

The complete and uccurate filtration of water (if the word accurste map be thus Used) for the feeding of boilers, and for many similar industrial purposes, although somewhat practiced both at home and abroad, has heal by no means common. Even if the exact line cannot be defined at which filtration begins to be called for, ad will be found profitable, it is certain that in a large number of cases it may be employed with real advantage in the economy of fuel, and also in the greater durability of the boiler or other form of apparatus in

Jan 1, 1882

By P. Barnes

THE complete and accurate filtration of water (if the word ,accurate may be thus used) for the feeding of boilers, and for many similar industrial purposes, although somewhat practiced both at home and abroad, has been by no means common. Even if the exact line cannot be defined at which filtration begins to be called for, and will be found profitable, it is certain that in a large number of cases it may be employed with real advantage in the economy of fuel, and also in. the greater durability of the boiler or other form of apparatus in

Jan 1, 1882

SINCE I told you in the preceding chapter how the potter's art is followed in practice, now in this following one I wish to tell you how mortar* and bricks are made, and how and to what purpose they were discovered, although I know you will answer that you know it, inasmuch as it is an art known not only to skillful men but also to the unskilled ones by whom it is practiced, and that bricks and mortar were made and always will be made for the purpose of building. This I admit, but probably everyone does not know it as you do, and you perhaps, do not know its beginnings, although I remember having told you of them. Wishing to repeat it better now I shall begin with long ago, so that both you and I may be better satisfied. Therefore I tell you that you should know that all the arts that men practice in the world have been learned by them either through the process of reasoning from the principles of natural phenomena, from the actions of animals, by chance, or when forced either by some necessity or

Jan 1, 1942

By Immo H. Redeker

North Carolina is the leading state in the US in lithium mineral production. Spodumene is mined in open pits and concentrated by flotation by the two companies, Lithium Corp. of America and Foote Mineral Co. North Carolina State University has a mineral research laboratoy in Asheville, N. C., with trained personnel, batch and pilot plant facilities to assist in the state's mineral development. The NCSU Minerals Research Laboratory assisted both lithium-producing companies with spodumene concentration problems and has lately worked closely with Lithium Corp. of America to develop the best flowsheet for spodumene and byproduct recovery. The concentration of North Carolina spodumene and byproducts from pegmatites is presented and illustrated with figures.

Jan 1, 1980

By C. Legrand

THE CHAIRMAN (B. B. GOTTSBERGER, Miami, Ariz.).-I think this experience of the Burro Mountain Copper Co. with oil engines as described by Mr. Legrand comes at a very opportune time. The fuel almost universally used in the mine power plants of the Southwest is oil. Additional economy in its use for power production is much to be desired. In the case of the Miami Copper Co., we have lately found it necessary to enlarge our power plant and, based on the experience of the Burro Mountain Copper Co., we have decided to install oil engines similar to those in their plant. I think it would be very interesting to have some discussion on this subject. Mr. Langton, did you tell me you had prepared some remarks?

Jan 12, 1916

By B. C. Craft, T. J. Johnson, H. L. Kirkpatrick

Petroleum engineers are displaying considerable interest in the problems of cementing oil wells, especially in the Gulf Coast and California areas, where steep temperature gradients are encountered and where wells are being drilled to greater depths. Deep drilling, that is, at depths in excess of 7000 ft., has been undertaken in these areas only in the last few years and with this trend oil-well cementing requires more technical treatment. It is not the purpose of this paper to describe the scope and application of cement operations in the oil industry or to give the standard specifications, methods of sampling and testing of portland cement. The various testing methods have been described by the American Society for Testing Materials1, Uren2, Tickell and Wankowski3 and Rakestraw and Parsons4. The latter authors (pp. 50-58) have also described in detail the methods of cementing. The authors realize that it is impossible to reproduce in the laboratory the scale of forces and dimensions that exist at great depths, but an attempt has been made to scale down these dimensions proportionally. The selection of problems to be studied was based largely upon the practical questions asked by several of the largest operators in these fields. All cements used in these experiments met the specifications of the American Society for Testing Materials.

Jan 1, 1935

By John V. Beall

Dear J. B.: The recent cable I sent you for a transfer of $200,000 was the outcome of the diligence and perspicacity of our group which, as you know, is laboring under severe hardships here in Rondônia. I only mention the latter difficulties in passing because no reply has been received to our urgent appeal for money. As much as I detest appearing to plead for more attention than you feel called upon to pay to our forgotten mission, I can assure you that it would be in the best interest of the company for you to do so. The fact is, we have been able to outmaneuver the competition and have succeeded in securing pesquizas on some of the most promising cassiterite gravels. We have not been able, up to now, to do much bulk sampling (for lack of funds) but our preliminary panning shows great promise as you can see from the enclosed assay sheets.

Jan 1, 1971

By John Gillie

Prior to the year 1902 electricity was used in the Butte district only for lighting, for the tramming of ores on the surface, and for the electrolytic refining of copper. In that year the Canyon Ferry hydro-electric plant on the Missouri river, with a transmission line to Butte and Anaconda, was completed, and enabled the mining operators to purchase electric current in large quantities at reasonable rates, and its application and use in the various mining operations and reduction works proceeded rapidly. The principal applications. of electric current in metal mining may be listed as follows: Compressing air for hoisting. Compressing air for rock drills and pneumatic tools. Pumping. Ventilating. Lighting. Tramming. Compressing air for blast furnaces and converters Running shop and miscellaneous motors.

Jan 9, 1913

By R. W. Raymond

In June, 1906, I delivered to the graduating class of Lehigh Cniversity an address upon this subject, the substance of which, with sundry omissions and additions, was subsequently repeated, in October of the same year, in an extempore address before the Schenectady branch of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. The latter, as stenographically reported, was published in the Proceedings of that society for November, 1906, and was referred to by President John Hays Hammond in his address at the Chattanooga meeting of October, 1908. Requests have been received from various quarters for the repub-lication of this address by the Institute. This I do not regard as necessary or proper; but I yield to that demand so far as to reproduce in the Transactions a summary of my views, as expressed in the two addresses above mentioned.

Jan 1, 1911

By Ian M. Thomson, Robert W. Greene

Last August, American Commercial Barge Line Co. (ACBL) began moving coal from mines on the old Camp Breckinridge property in Western Kentucky to TVA's new 2600 MW steam plant at Cumberland City, Tenn. By April of 1973, this movement will reach a level of 7 million tpy. TVA bought the coal rights to this property from the General Services Administration in 1965 for approximately $7 million and is now in possession of reserves containing about 120 million tons of recoverable No. 9 coal, and about the same recoverable amount of No. 11 coal. TVA then contracted through competitive bidding with Peabody Coal Co. to mine the No. 9 seam through two slope shafts. The mines are about 300-ft deep and are separated by the one major fault on this property. The mine portals are approximately 3 ½ mi apart, with the northern portal being over nine miles distant from the Ohio River.

Jan 1, 1971

By M. Van Siclen

THE outstanding fact in connection with dust disease in the United States at present is the growing recognition of its seriousness by state officials and by the more progressive operators of mining, metallurgical and allied industrial plants. The same may perhaps be said of labor in some of its better organized centers, but the average independent non-union workman continues, as of yore, to suffer the toll of disability and even of death from dust inhalation without realization of the source of his ill-being. Progress in the betterment of the handling of sufferers from dust disease and of the conditions creating dust hazards in mining and allied industries is pursuing a course similar to that of the now widespread campaign against accidents, in which the risk is more obvious, more severe, and was naturally recognized sooner. The coming on of dust disease is generally relatively slow and its immediate effects not infre-quently masked by or attributed to other diseases. Marked exceptions to this general rule have occurred in districts where the dust is particularly pernicious, such as the Rand and Joplin; yet such exceptions, unhappy in themselves, opened the eyes of medical men, and of those in other localities charged with the responsibility for the welfare of industry, to the much more widespread if less spectacular hazard existing from the inhalation of dust in all rock-excavating operations and all industrial operations creating inorganic dust, whether it be crushing and grinding, sand-blast-ing, granite-cutting, or what not. Advancement to date in the United States in prevention and treat-ment has been slow, yet the record shows that quantitative methods for determining the degree of hazard and means for decreasing it were being developed as far back as 25 years ago; and that more rapid progress may be looked for from now on. In 1908, in this country, F. L Hoffman?(1) discussed the mortality from consumption in dusty trades, especially brass foundries; and in 1913 E. R. Hayhurst(2) described the effects of inhalation

Jan 1, 1933

Jan 1, 1882

By Fred M. Phillips

Jan 1, 1985

Jan 1, 1914