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By P. L. Sibrell

Three different refractory carbonaceous gold ores from the Carlin operation in northeastern Nevada were investigated to characterize the effect of passivation treatments on the nature of the carbonaceous material. The carbonaceous material was chemically isolated from the ores and passivated residues, and examined by FTIR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and gold adsorption capacity. The main component of the carbonaceous material in these ores was found to be a naturally occurring activated carbon-type compound. Hydro-carbons were detected on rare occasions, but no evidence was seen for humic acids. Ore samples were passivated by autoclaving, or by treatment with sodium hypochlorite or gaseous Chlorine. In some of the passivation tests, a new peak was observed in the IR spectra of the isolated carbonaceous material, that was due to carbonyl functionalities. However, all of the passivation treatments tested decreased preg robbing significantly. This suggested that the appearance of the carbonyl peak was due to the severity of the conditions during passivation, rather than the method used.

Jan 1, 1990

By K Aikawa, M Ito, K Mitsuhashi, Y Ebisu, J V. Satur, I Park, N Hiroyoshi, T Suto

Copper concentration using flotation is becoming more difficult, because of an increase in ore complexity accompanied by smaller grain sizes of copper minerals than usual, requiring finer grinding in order to liberate them. Project Arqueros, located at the mid northern part of Chile, is a copper mine project with an orebody consisting of various sulfides such as chalcopyrite, chalcocite, and bornite. Some of the copper minerals in Arqueros show low floatability mainly because of their fine grain size and resulted fine grinding size, and also because of the complex mineralogical composition. For example, chalcopyrite in Arqueros floats less than the other copper sulfide minerals. In this study we carried out some kinetic flotation tests with the Arqueros ore using a laboratory-scale forced air type flotation machine by varying the regrinding size. The products were assayed and mineralogically analysed to compare the minerals in their flotation behaviour with respect to size classes and liberation classes. The results were compared with a model calculation according to bubble size measurement. From the flotation testing and mineralogical analysis, it was found that copper minerals of the same size and liberation class floated at the same rate even with different regrinding size. At the same time the comparison between experiment and calculation showed that the fine particles of less than 5 µm size floated faster in actual than in the model applied. These results suggested that interactions among minerals of different species and of different sizes had positive impacts on the flotation rate of the fine particles. It indicates that this phenomenon can be applied to improve copper recovery in the project.

Aug 24, 2022

By John W. Stevenson, Ted L. Sartain

Underground booster fan installations are currently employed in hundreds of coal mines throughout the world. Such installations, when properly designed and maintained, have proven to be safe and effective tools to provide desirable airflow volumes on sections or in areas of mines where the ventilation requirements exceed the capacity of the main fan system. In cases where an airshaft cannot be justified due to surface topography, depth of cover, or limited reserves a booster fan can serve the same purpose, be operational in a fraction of the time and at a substantially reduced cost. Booster fans are currently non-existent in U.S. coal mines. This is primarily due to lack of acceptance by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), which has failed to acknowledge the merits of a booster fan system. Also, the absence of booster fan provisions in Part 75 of the federal regulations has led to the misconception that booster fans are legally prohibited in U.S. coal mines. In 1986, Jim Walter Resources, Inc. (JWR) developed and submitted to MSHA a plan to install and operate an underground booster fan at the No. 7 Mine. Detailed computer simulations were used to substantiate JWR1s position, that the booster fan could effectively provide the needed airflow on a developing section without adversely affecting ventilation in other areas of the mine. JWR also realized that numerous safeguards and operating procedures were essential for providing a safe system. Thus, safety features such as electrical interlocking, independent power supply, remote atmospheric monitoring, etc., were incorporated into the plan. This paper is a case-study that discusses JWR's proposed plan to install and operate an underground booster fan at No. 7 Mine. Unfortunately, MSHA's continued negative response has prevented implementation of the plan.

Jan 1, 1989

By Thom Mambe, Angelo Fernando

The objective of this work was to identify key parameters related to the reduction of the sulphur content in ammonium diuranate (ADU), and the identification of solid products being formed under various operating conditions. A laboratory-scale, continuous ADU precipitation circuit was assembled using a glass reactor vessel immersed in a temperature-controlled water bath. A pre-prepared uranium feed solution was fed continuously using a peristaltic pump. Anhydrous ammonia mixed with compressed air was metered and pumped using a double-headed peristaltic pump. An over-head mixer was used to keep the solids in suspension. The precipitated ADU slurry was removed from the reactor at the same flow rate as the feed solution. The slurry was sampled to generate ADU solids for chemical and physical analysis after four hours of continuous operation to ensure steady-state conditions. The following variables were studied to determine their influence on the sulphur content in the resulting ADU. (a) sulphate:uranium molar ratio in the reactor (1:1, 1:5, 1:10 and 1:20) (b) precipitation pH ( pH 6, 6.5, 6.9, 7.5 and 9) and (c) precipitation temperature (40C and 60C) A total of 18 tests covering the above parameters were conducted, and the results indicated that the sulphur content in the resulting solids was highly dependent on the reaction pH. Out of the pH levels tested, tests completed at pH 6.9 and 7.5 generated solids containing the lowest sulphur contents, between 0.5 to 1.5% S uranium basis (UB). The sulphur content in solids was found to vary linearly with the sulphate:uranium ratio in the feed solution, showing a statistically valid correlation. The impact of temperature was minor between 40°C and 60°C, with a slight advantage at higher temperatures. Tests at a sulphate:uranium ratio of 1:1 produced solids with the lowest sulphur contents. The influence of pH or temperature on sulphur content in solids was almost non-existent at this sulphate:uranium ratio. Precipitation pH is the major factor influencing ADU sulphur content, followed by the uranium to sulphate ratio.

Jan 1, 2020

Accurate hematite solubility data are required to construct predictive solution chemistry models for complex hydrometallurgical solutions. These data are useful in understanding Fe(III) speciation and precipitation in a variety of hydrometallurgical processes. Hematite solubility data were generated in 10 to 70 g/L H2SO4 solutions and at temperatures from 130 to 270°C, using specially modified titanium autoclaves. These measurements represent an improvement over previous experimental data because of better in-situ filtration of the sample aliquots, the approach to equilibrium via hematite dissolution, and the inhibition of Fe(III) reduction on titanium surfaces. Fe(III) reduction was particularly studied to evaluate the inflationary effect of Fe(II) on hematite solubility measurements. Chromate was found to reliably inhibit Fe(III) reduction on titanium. Finally, the generated hematite solubility data were used to construct a solution chemistry model using the OLI software.

Jan 1, 2006

By M Camarda, A Pirson, F Vasconcelos, J Mesquita

ArcelorMittal Prijedor is a goethitic iron ore mine located in the north-west of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which mainly supplies ArcelorMittal’s European subsidiaries. Annual production of the asset stands at the level of 1.5–2.1 million tons of iron ore product which is sent to ArcelorMittal Zenica steelmaking plant. Two types of products with approximately 50 per cent Fe are generated in Prijedor through a process composed by crushing, screening, and magnetic separation stages. Within this process one of the tailings produced is called ‘ultrafines’. The ‘ultrafines’ product corresponds to the desliming hydrocyclones overflow in Prijedor plant, which is classified in a size fraction below 25 μm and corresponds to about 5 per cent of feed. This material is richer in iron than the coarser size fractions of the ore but do not present a good performance in concentration processes. In this way, several studies have been carried out during the last years to find solutions to use the ‘ultrafines’ material without success. In this context, the possibility of dehydroxylate the goethite contained in the material transforming the mineral into hematite and thus increasing the iron grade of the final product was investigated. During the research, several dehydroxylation tests with different temperatures and time of exposure were performed. Using dihydroxylation process at temperatures higher than 800°C it was possible to produce a material with 43 per cent Fe from the original 39 per cent Fe ‘ultrafines’ sample. In addition, the dehydroxylation tests confirmed that goethite becomes completely transformed into hematite at 400°C (with an exposure time of 60 mins) and material is completely sintered at 1200°C. A simulation study based on dehydroxylation tests results showed that it would be possible to use a ‘ultrafines’ product with Fe grade higher than 45 per cent to produce a material with 50 per cent Fe through a complete dehydroxylation process.

Sep 18, 2023

By M D. Uttarwar, R R. Yerpude

India is the world’s third-largest producer of coal and is endowed with the fifth-largest coal reserves in the world. Surface mining straddles the entire domain of the Indian coal mining industry, yielding over 88 per cent of production. With continually rising domestic demands, it has to shoulder the responsibility of sustaining the requisite increase in coal production and chasing commensurate stripping targets. Such an ambitious task calls for the deployment of smart technologies. In such a demanding situation, cast blasting of overburden has emerged as a promising alternative for enhancing production and productivity of dragline pits.The cast blasting technique reduces stripping costs significantly as it utilises the chemical energy of explosives in place of mechanical energy to move large volumes of overburden quickly. Proper application of cast blasting not only reduces overall mining costs but also increases coal production. This paper investigates and evaluates the potential of the cast blasting technique, with special reference to dragline pits employing the rehandle method of extended bench. The economic feasibility of the technique is also ensured under different scenarios so that considerable benefits would accrue to the individual surface coalmines. To underline the efficacy of the technique, different cast blasting models have been formulated under a range of operational and economic scenarios that resemble present day practices in India. In order to test for economic variability in the application of the technique, a risk analysis of all the formulated cast blasting models is performed using net present value.CITATION:Uttarwar, M D and Yerpude, R R, 2015. Potential of the overburden cast blasting technique in Indian surface coalmines – a modular approach and its financial implications, in Proceedings 11th International Symposium on Rock Fragmentation by Blasting, pp 655–664 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Aug 24, 2015

By C Laming, S Staude, D Hammond, S Sheppard, J Griffith, S Stanfield, S Marriott

Long Operations is located on the eastern slope of the Kambalda Dome in Western Australia. Kambalda hosts nickel deposits that are modelled to have formed from an exsolving sulfide melt from a parental komatiite melt. The nickel deposit model predicts a stratigraphical relationship where massive Fe-Ni-Cu-sulfides are deposited in troughs at the base of komatiite channels. The basal contact of the sulfides is generally tholeiitic basalt. The Kambalda geological sequence form a dome structure with a granodioritic core and have undergone tectonic and metamorphic overprinting, resulting in the formation of upper greenschist to lower amphibolite-facies units.On the basalt-ultramafic contact, within the Long Operations, there are two separate channels hosting seven different orebodies. The Moran orebody is the most undisturbed orebody at Long Operations, with many primary magmatic textures preserved, making it ideal for studies to improve the existing nickel sulfide formation model. Detailed exploration and production infill drilling and systematic sampling indicates consistent nickel tenor variations over the entire Moran orebody. This was also observed in other deposits in Western Australia and was explained as metamorphic variations. Similar variations are observed with some trace elements that cannot be explained by metamorphic overprint but with gravitational segregation in the liquid sulfide. Other more complex trace element patterns (eg Cr) require additional explanations and are partly originated from incorporation of underlain basalt and sediment and partly from gravitational segregation.From a mining perspective, the Moran orebody can be used as an example of modern high-speed mining, but at the same time preserving samples for the future and allowing knowledge from the geological context and geochemical signatures to improve future exploration.CITATION:Staude, S, Marriott, S, Griffith, J, Laming, C, Hammond, D, Stanfield, S and Sheppard, S, 2014. Improvement of existing ore-forming models due to systematic sampling during mining – an example from Kambalda, Western Australia, in Proceedings Ninth International Mining Geology Conference 2014 , pp 341–348 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Aug 18, 2014

By B. C. Burgess

This paper, describing the milling practices at the Minpro plant of the Tennessee Mineral Products Corporation, Spruce Pine, N. C., is the first of a series being prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Mines on feldspar milling methods and costs in the various feldspar producing areas in the United States. It describes not only the latest practices in feldspar grinding but includes studies of the cost of producing ground feldspar. These cost studies, obviously of interest to every consumer and purchaser of feldspar and to all feldspar grinders, are also of value to the small operator, who is generally prone to understimate his real costs. It describes the latest practices in feldspar milling and includes detailed costs of grinding. The cost tabulations presented show operating expenditures only and not total production costs. Details of costs are given only to the extent that they are essential to the technical discussion and study of the methods employed. A description of the recently installed milling unit for the preparation of granular glasspar by graded crushing, and magnetic separation is of particular interest. It illustrates how highly specialized feldspar milling has become, and to what an extent grinders are going to supply consumers with the products best suited for their particular needs.

Jan 1, 1931

By Trevor Riters

Advancements in Emerson’s instrumentation technology have brought value and efficiencies to the mining industry. Some think of instrumentation as basic sensors and valves, but with our solutions, we equip operators with real time, accurate, and reliable data that they can use to operate more effectively. Working with Caltrol, an Emerson Impact Partner, we successfully engineered wireless skids for a leach pad to provide precise measurement and control of raffinate solution to many of the large mine sites in Arizona.

Feb 1, 2025

By Craig C. Hustwit

A pilot-scale treatment study was conducted on a copper-zinc bearing metal mine drainage using a pipeline treatment system called the In-Line System (ILS). The objective of this U.S. Bureau of Mines study was to determine whether the ILS could be extended from the treatment of coal mine drainages to the treatment of metal mine drainages. Hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2), quick lime (CaO), and caustic soda (NaOH) were used to neutralize the drainage. A novel reagent slurry of Ca(OH)2 and type C fly ash was also evaluated. Except for Ca(OH)2-fly ash slurry, treatment performance was evaluated for all reagents at pH values of 7,8,9, and 10. The Ca(OH)2-fly ash slurry was evaluated at a pH of 10. All reagents tested neutralized the metal mine drainage and substantially reduced the dissolved metal concentrations. It was concluded that the ILS could be useful in the treatment of metal mine drainages.

Jan 1, 2010

By A. A. Tytko, T. S. Golosinski

"The paper discusses the accuracy of magnetic inspections of corroded hoist ropes. It quantifies the error of measured LMA (loss of metallic area) caused by presence in the rope of ferromagnetic products of corrosion. The paper concludes that in mining practice this error is not significant. Hoist Rope Corrosion and its AssessmentCorrosion is one of the most common forms of wire rope wear. For ropes working in wet mine shafts, ropes used by the fishing industry and, in general, ropes working in humid and chemically active environments, corrosion wear is usually the prime reason for rope discard. In most mining applications, rope corrosion is accompanied by fatigue cracking of wires, abrasion of external wires, internal nicking and other forms of wear.Quantification of corrosion damage in ropes using standard inspection procedures and examination methods is very difficult. Qualitative comparisons are sometimes used to describe the degree of rope corrosion to compensate for the lack of quantitative measures (SABS 0293, 1996). If available, the results of magnetic examinations of ropes may be of help in assessing their corrosion weakening.Magnetic rope examination requires that the rope first be magnetized. After that, the rope magnetic flux and the leakage flux along the rope are measured. The first is assumed to be directly proportional to rope metallic area (LMA) and its changes are indicative of the rope’s loss of breaking strength (LBS). Existence of the second indicates existence of local faults (LF) in the inspected rope. As the corrosion of rope results in development of corrosion cracks and in loss of rope metallic area, both the LF and the LMA should be used to quantify the level of rope corrosion. More specifically, the changes to the amplitude of the LF signal are considered to provide qualitative information on rope corrosion (Hansel et al., 1990), while those of the LMA signal are believed to provide quantitative information (Geller and Rousseau, 1990; Golosinski, 1996)."

Jan 1, 1999

"SAMPLING: THE IMPACT ON COSTS AND DECISION MAKING1. INTRODUCTIONFor years those in the minerals industry have been taking samples to assist them in making decisions; whether they be about investing billions of rand in a new mining operation, or simply whether a truck load of mineralised material should go to the mill or the waste dump, - we need a sample to help us make our decisions. This paper emphasises the importance and significance of sampling as a process, some of the associated technical problems and some of the advantages, especially in the light of traditional approaches that has usually left mine sampling to the least educated and lowest paid individuals on the mine. Perhaps the most important aspect that requires attention is the variability, usually measured in terms of precision, that tends to infect the sampling procedures. Francis Pitard 12 has stated: ""There is no such thing as reliable feasibility studies, unbiased ore grade control, accurate environmental assessments or effective process control, if you cannot identify and minimize the seven (ten) major sources of sampling variability. "" It is these ten sources of sampling variability and the way they arise that are briefly investigated. Variability is measured in terms of variances and rather than being self-compensating, there is good evidence to indicate that they are in fact additive at every step in the sampling and analytical process."

Jan 1, 2014

By P. James

"INTRODUCTION Control of target stream acidity is widely used in MIW (mining influenced water). Tailoring pH (a measure of acidity) finds application for controlling key chemistry in both process and waste streams. Traditional lime addition for neutralization and precipitation is most often used but has high reagent costs and results in large amounts of mixed metal sludge requiring costly disposal. A new adaptation of BPS’s patented DEMET™ technology (Dynamic Electrolytic Metal Effluent Treatment) platform offers a potentially improved and “reagentless” alternative to traditional chemical addition for pH adjustment. Electricity rather than chemical addition utilized in BPS’s proprietary approach controllably tailors target stream pH. The method offers a simple, low-cost processing technique yielding cleaner treatment chemistry. BPS’s “green” approach may yield lower operating (OPEX) and life cycle costs and significant reductions (up to 50%) in sludge generation compared to conventional lime treatment. It can also allow new opportunities to generate revenue via selective recovery of valuable processing byproducts. Specific savings and revenues depend on the target site chemistries, details, and processing goals. A more detailed discussion of the process and its operational principles may be found in Reference One.[1] Here application of the BPS treatment to POx (Pressure Oxidation) leaching as an alternative to traditional chemical addition is examined. An example operation process flow for gold mining is considered.[2] Promising processing points for potentially replacing conventional processes with DEMET are noted. The possibilities for lowering OPEX costs, lessening sludge creation, and capturing various valuable byproducts and residuals are examined. Financial life cycle benefit estimates of the principal gains provided by DEMET application to the example operation are noted. Extension and generalization of the analyses to a wider range of scenarios is explored."

Jan 1, 2016

By A. A. Goss

We investigate the relationship between corporate financial performance (CFP) and environmental and social performance (CSP) in a sample (n=165) of large, publicly traded U.S. mining and oil and gas firms. Using optimally scaled principal components analysis to generate aggregate measures of CSP strengths and concerns, we find higher concerns are related to higher volatility of unexpected earnings and discount rates. Furthermore, these earnings shocks are more likely to be negative as concerns increase. Decomposing this relationship shows that negative environmental performance dominates proactive environmental management as a driver of unexpected earnings, but proactive community efforts increase the magnitude of earnings shocks. We document some evidence of the strategic use of CSR, with those firms that have greater risk investing more proactively in CSR.

Aug 1, 2013

By Douglas F. Stevenson

Your committee doesn't assign any easy topics to us speakers. How do you define "successful" in what is essentially a losing game? I am reminded of the fellow who returned from a one-week vacation in Las Vegas, and proudly stated, "I only lost $150." To him, that was "success." I am afraid that workers' compensation is a losing game for employers, too, and success has to be defined in terms of how much or how little is lost. We have no chance of producing a profit for our employer. We will narrow down to some suggestions about conducting a workers' compensation program at the plant level, but first I want to discuss the general legal, social and legislative climate in which your plant program operates. Workers' compensation is a statutory program with its general parameters established by the legislature. These parameters are then amplified by the boards and commissions established to administer workers' compensation. What influences the legislature and the boards and commissions as they establish the framework in which we must function?

Jan 1, 1986

By A Muhairini, M Eggers, J Smith, H Baxter

Detailed geochemical analysis of cored and non-cored drill hole data was used to characterise and model the Cenozoic detrital valleys of several deposits within the southern Pilbara region, Western Australia. The purpose of this modelling was to better characterise and understand the relationships between the various geotechnical units comprising mixtures of rock and soil for the purposes of slope stability and depressurisation studies.This paper presents data from several valleys where geological, geomorphological and climatic processes have resulted in the deposition of heterogeneous detrital rock and soil sequences. Seven primary detrital units are recognised as occurring within all the valleys studied, suggesting that the geological processes involved in the erosion and deposition of the units were widespread. Geochemical assessment of cored and non-cored data suggests correlatable geochemical signatures can be recognised for each of the units; however, local variability in the groundwater history of individual valleys is demonstrated by late-stage carbonate precipitation recognised both in the core and through the geochemical signatures, which has resulted in alteration of the parent rock/soil material. This paper discusses how the carbonate alteration may lead to improvements in rock/soil mass strength of a clay unit by comparing laboratory strength test samples of the same parent material with varying degrees of precipitate alteration to those with no discernible carbonate alteration. Following from this, correlations with geochemical assay results have been derived, whereby zones of more favourable strength conditions may be modelled through assessing areas of analogous geochemistry.The paper demonstrates how geochemical assessment can lead to improved geotechnical and hydrological modelling for a detrital valley system without the need for significant coring and laboratory testing. This in turn leads to improved confidence in the slope design and depressurisation recommendations for a slope.CITATION:Baxter, H, Eggers, M, Muhairini, A and Smith, J, 2015. The effect of carbonate alteration on detrital mass strength and implications for geotechnical slope design, in Proceedings Iron Ore 2015, pp 429–436 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Jul 13, 2015

By Charles Camsell

THE Northwest Territories covers a very large area-more than one-third of all Canada-and its most northern point, Cape Columbia in Ellesmere island, is distant only 500 miles from the Pole. Our first knowledge of the Arctic Archipelago, of which Ellesmere island forms a part, resulted from a gold-mining venture in Queen Elizabeth's reign. The English navigators of that time were eager to find a north-westerly and shorter and Jess hazardous route to the riches of China and Japan than that which Magellan had discovered, but they were unaware that the continent then known to bar a direct route extended in great width far to the north. Frobisher was one of these navigators. He reached in 1576 the bay in Baffin island now named after him, convinced that he had found a passage connecting the Atlantic with Asiatic seas. Forced to re-turn after ordeals in which ice, wind, and Eskimos flayed formidable parts, he brought back, among other novelties, a piece o black stone which had been picked up casually by one of his officers, and gave a little of it to the wife of one of the venturers, or financial backers of the enterprise. To quote now from Hakluyt: ? 'She by chance threw and burned it in the fire so long that , at length being taken forth and quenched in a little vinegar, it glistered with a bright marquesset of gold. Whereupon the matter being called in sorne question, it was brought to certain goldminers in London to make assay thereof, who indeed found it to hold gold and that very richly for the quantity." On the strength of this, the venturers, anticipating much profit, launched a second expedition to secure more of this stone, and 143 persons, including 14 miners and finers, set forth in 1577 and returned the same year, with, however, 200 tons of another mineral. Influenced by glowing accounts of veritable mountains of this mineral and by assays made after "additaments"-that is how "salting" in those days was described-the venturers, including Elizabeth, supplied funds for erecting a smelter and refinery at Dartford and outfitting a stilllarger expedition. And so, in 1578, fifteen ships departed with the Queen's blessing, for the same remote shores. After many mishaps, they returned with over 1,000 tons of the mineral, but when it yielded very little of value at the works in Dartford, the? Company of Venturers was forced into liquidation. Though our first prospector and miner was rather inconsiderate of the investors, he proved the existence of an archipelago, hitherto unknown, and secured much information about the new land and its dwellers.

Jan 1, 1938

By G. J. McTeer, D. J. Rioux

Teck Metals Ltd operates an integrated zinc-lead complex at Trail, British Columbia, Canada. Since 1997, KIVCETTM flash smelting technology has been utilized for the treatment of zinc plant residues and lead concentrates. Trail Operations’ furnace uses four water-cooled jackets for bullion tapping. This paper provides an overview of KIVCET bullion tapping for the past 16 years, and discusses successes and challenges encountered with respect to operations, training, and monitoring.

Jan 1, 2014

By D. Beneteau, D. Milne

"Advances in technology provide educators with valuable tools to enhance their teaching and efficiently deliver content to larger audiences. University educators are often encouraged to become more “research intensive” and to increase student enrollment. Faced with these pressures, there is a tendency to use technology to improve teaching efficiencies rather than to enhance existing teaching approaches. Practical learning in applied engineering courses would suffer greatly if hands-on experience is not emphasized. This paper discusses advantages and limitations of new technologies applied to learning, and methods to incorporate more hands-on experiential teaching techniques to applied mining engineering courses.RÉSUMÉ Les avancées technologiques fournissent aux éducateurs des outils intéressants pour rehausser leur enseignement et livrer efficacement de la matière à de grands auditoires. Les éducateurs universitaires sont souvent encouragés à devenir plus « axés sur la recherche » et d’augmenter l’inscription d’étudiants. Face à ces pressions, il y a une tendance à utiliser la technologie pour améliorer l’efficacité d’enseignement plutôt que de rehausser les approches existantes d’enseignement. L’apprentissage concret dans les cours d’ingénierie appliquée souffrirait grandement si l’accent n’est pas mis sur l’expérience pratique. Le présent article discute des avantages et des limitations des nouvelles technologies appliquées à l’apprentissage et des méthodes pour incorporer plus de techniques expérimentales pratiques aux cours de génie minier appliqué."

Jan 1, 2016