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By Erwin J. Durrer

The development of planning in the petroleum industry is de- scribed and the current status analyzed. Worldwide transportation networks led to corporate models which caused a differentiation between operations research and planning groups. Ranking of projects solely by ROI proved infeasible because of the diversified nature of the industry. Qualitative elements such as synergism with ongoing operations and the external socio-economic environment had to be included, leading to business plans based on scenarios of possible futures and stressing growth-opportunities over cash-flow rich mature product lines. In addition, decision analysis is finding applications in large capital, high uncertainty situations such as planning for synthetic fuel development.

Jan 1, 1977

By C. R. Boyd

Without attempting to do more than give a preliminary or skeleton report upon the geology and minerals of Southwestern Virginia at this time, I am led to hope that the great commercial importance of the sixty miles of cross-section here crudely treated of

By L. S. Deitz

This part of the symposium deals with the problems encountered by the consumer of nonferrous scrap, that is, the smelter and refiner who melts the selected scrap items and produces foundry ingots of specified compositions or billets for rolling or extrusion in nonferrous mills. The fundamental problems are quite similar for all secondary' nonferrous metals. However, these remarks will be confined to the copper-base alloys since in the sorting, melting and refining of these alloys probably all the usual types of problems are encountered; in addition, papers are being presented later on secondary lead, zinc and aluminum. While metallurgical

Jan 1, 1943

By M. S. Klima, P. T. Luckie

An evaluation of the operating performance of a recently designed pneumatic centrifugal classifier is presented. This classifier has been modified from a separate air and feed input design to an entrained solids in air feed input. The evaluation first required determining the size distributions for the three streams (feed, fine, and coarse). Using size distribution data and mass flow rates, a size selectivity curve was calculated for each operating condition tested. This curve, in turn, was characterized by appropriate selectivity parameters (i.e., the equiprobable or cut size, the sharpness index, and the apparent bypass values). The variation of these parameters with classifier operating conditions was examined. From these evaluations, the "best" operating conditions for the classifier were then determined.

Jan 1, 1985

W. M. Courtis, Detroit, Mich.: Except for free-gold ores, I have always believed in scorification. I think the crucibleassay gives silver low. We found this out at the Wyandotte works in assaying Silver Islet ore. The mine-managers made us, and also the check-assayera, run one of the duplicates by

Jan 1, 1896

By Tony B. Szwilski

A short study has been made of the underground mining potential in the Plains region, the Province of Alberta, Canada. Particular reference is made to the possible application of longwall mining: Presently underground mining is limited to small scale room-and- pillar methods. The problems anticipated with large scale mining at shallow depths (30 m) are examined. Production factors based upon longwall retreat mining utilizing shield supports are also considered.

Jan 1, 1981

By B. R. Eichbaum, J. E. Murphy, J. A. Eisele

The US Bureau of Mines demonstrated ferric chloride leaching of galena concentrate on a continuous bench scale basis. Leaching was performed at 95°C (200°F) and with a contact time of 15 minutes. The ferric chloride leaching solution was continuously fed to a leaching tank at a constant rate for periods up to 45 hours. In each test, a constant redox potential was maintained in the slurry exiting the leaching tank by controlling the concentrate feed rate. In the 45 hour test, lead extraction exceeded 99.5%, and the lead chloride produced was 99.97% pure.

Jan 1, 1986

By Jim V. Rouse

In situ mining and dump leaching has been practiced for years. Recent environmental concern over conventional mining and milling techniques has rendered in situ mining more attractive. While there are many environmental advantages to in situ mining, there are disadvantages which, if ignored, can lead to environmental damages, followed by stringent control. The environmental advantages and disadvantages of the various types of in situ mining operations are discussed. Current legislation and regulations governing in situ mining are cited, together with a suggested program of environmental monitoring designed to protect the mining company as well as the environment. Suggestions are made for possible solution of existing pollution problems associated with previous mining activities by heap-leaching techniques. Present and indicated control of subsurface injection is traced, because of the many similarities in philosphy and monitoring requirements to in situ mining.

Jan 1, 1974

By A. D. S. Gillies

The effectiveness of coal mine face ventilation and the ability of airflow to maintain satisfactory methane and respirable dust levels in the working face area has been studied through the use of scale modeling techniques and underground testing procedures. In particular, consideration has been given to examination of the effects of operation of a high airflow, machine mounted dust scrubber unit on face air patterns. Results obtained through a cooperative study with the Peabody Coal Co. demonstrate that new mining cycles can be considered that increase production efficiency while maintaining satisfactory ventilation conditions.

Jan 1, 1986

By Frank Somogyi, Donald H. Gray

Techniques for in-situ dewatering of tailings and slimes include evaporation, decantation, drainage under self weight, drainage by surcharging, and electro-osmosis. A promising technique for increasing drainage efficiency is a vertical, wall-drain system, which can be constructed in an impoundment concurrently with deposition of slurried tailings. The vertical drains, which can be constructed from sand or from the coarse fraction of a tailings stream, greatly speed the rate of consolidation of the fine tailings or slimes. The performance of a wall drain system and the semitidy of consolidation efficiency to certain variables or system parameters are examined. These parameters include the slime deposition rate, ratio of drain to slime permeability, drain width, and drain spacing.

Jan 1, 1979

By David Thomas

The preliminary meeting to organize the American Institute of Mining Engineers was held last evening. The attendance was unexpectedly large, and the proceedings were harmonious. According to present appearances, the Institute is destined to have a vigorous and influential career. A noteworthy feature is the interest manifested by the owners and operators of mines and by mining foremen, who are not strictly engineers. Provision is made in the rules for such persons, and all others who desire to be connected with the organization, by the establishment of a class of associates, having all the privileges of members, with a very few restrictions. It is ordained that the President, four of the six Vice-Presidents, and six out of the nine managers, shall be professional mining engineers, this term including metallurgical engineers also.

Jan 1, 1971

By N. H. Parker, J. G. Papailias, G. Gutzeit

In its many forms, the turbine has greater latitude of application than any other mixing device. It is readily adaptable to all tank shapes, from the shallow pan to the tall and narrow stovepipe. Although turbine mixers can be adapted to most tank conformations, experience has shown that there is a preferred shape for optimum efficiency in each service. In the accompanying drawings this relationship is illustrated by the shallower tank for slurry suspension. The taller tank is preferable for continuous staged systems, or maximum retention of the gas phase in absorption. No single turbine covers the entire range of these applications with maximum efficiency. The back-sloped blade offers maximum power economy. The straight blade develops a higher discharge velocity for the dispersion type of service requiring localized shear. The same high shear environment is provided by the back-sloped impeller with stator ring assembly, which permits the most positive discharge control, Fig. 1. Positive stream control is critical in solids suspensions.

Mar 1, 1956

By H. A. Wheeler

It may surprise some of our members to learn, that, among the industries based on the mineral resources of the United . States, clay now ranks third, being exceeded in value of product only by pig-iron and coal. The present annual value of clay-products exceeds the value of the outputs of gold or silver, and also exceeds the combined values of copper, leacl, zinc, aluminum, mercury, antimony and nickel. These facts are shown in Table I. which gives the statistics for the year 1902 :

Jan 1, 1905

By W. C. Peters

Geologists take the role of mine geologist when they apply their science to the design and operation of a specific minerals project. In doing so, they use the entire spectrum of procedures in economic geology and engineering geology to deal with a specific system of orebodies and associated environment. The objectives are established by stages in the life cycle of a mining operation as it goes from a prospect to a development project and on to a mine. This paper summarizes the elements of a mining geologist's role, with examples highlighted from the preceding papers.

Jan 1, 1984

By T. K. Matthews

Minerals are mined as a one-time crop, and the processing of one ton of ore results in there being one ton less to be recovered from the deposit. Although some minerals occur in greater abundance than others, they are to a greater or lesser degree exhaustible. Depletion Allowances One of the distinctive features of the mineral industries is the allowance for depletion. The depletion allowance is a much maligned and misunderstood principal of our tax structure. Although imperfect in design, it has nevertheless served as a constructive incentive for the development and expansion of the minerals industry.

Jan 1, 1969

By E. L. Mooney, D. F. Gibson, T. E. Lehman

This paper outlines the features of a computerized planning system, which was developed to aid surface mining and reclamation evaluation. Essential features of the system include three main modules: production, reclamation, and impact analysis. In addition, the system incorporates a large number of computerized data analyses and display features, which are described and illustrated in this paper.

Jan 1, 1983

By J. C. Bowling

The services provided by consulting engineers to the mineral process industry are briefly described. The organization of a multi-discipline consulting firm is outlined. Finally, the role of a consulting engineering firm is amplified by a description of its activities in the design and construction of a mineral process plant from inception to start-up.

Jan 1, 1978

By O. Saeki

Dolomite-fluxed pellets have been produced at Kakogawa Works, Kobe Steel, Ltd., since August, 1975. The pellets contain 5.5 % dolomite and have a basicity (CaO/Si02) of 1.3. By charging 30-50 % of dolomite-fluxed pellets into the two large blast furnaces at Kakogawa, a low fuel rate of 450 kg per ton of pellets has been achieved with better furnace permeability and gas utilization. Laboratory studies show that dolomite-fluxed pellets have excellent high temperature properties, and that their softening and melting-down temperatures are about 50°C higher than those of lime-fluxed pellets, and that reducibility at 1250°C is increased from 25 to 70 %.

Jan 1, 1977

By John V. Beall

The Glidden Co., a newcomer to the mining industry, will be putting on stream its Lakehurst mine and concentrator this spring. Ilmenite-bearing placer sands will be mined and concentrated in a spanking new combination gravity, magnetic and high-tension separation plant. Glidden, well known as a paint, chemical and food manufacturer, consumes titanium dioxide as pigment in its paint business. The commodity is produced at the company's Adrian D. Joyce Works in Baltimore from ilmenite purchased in India and Australia, The Lakehurst operation, handily located in Ocean County, N. J., will dampen any deficiencies in quantity or price which might occur from foreign suppliers. This objective is no overnight concoction of The Glidden Co., because the move at Lakehurst was preceded by an attempt to start up in Florida. That project was abandoned when it was found that the titanium dioxide values were largely in rutile-a mineral which does not lend itself readily to the digestion process of the Baltimore chemical plant.

Jan 1, 1962

By J. R. Barrett

Geotechnical techniques to evaluate conditions in underground metalliferous mines change through a mine's development from prefeasibility to remnant mining. The objectives of this paper are to determine the geotechnical requirements of typical underground metalliferous mining projects, to determine any shortfalls in conventional geotechnical techniques in satisfying these requirements, and to determine the costs of such investigations in proportion to the project expenditure. Finally, areas for future research and development are discussed. A group of over one hundred case history studies are examined to generate data on typical mining problems. The case studies include projects at most Australian underground metalliferous mining operations supplemented with case studies in Canada, Africa, Asia and Europe.

Jan 1, 1983