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By R Justa Cámara, L M. Pinillos Lorenzana

Barcelona Metro Line 9 (Line 9) is an essential infrastructure, improving the transversal transport in Barcelona by connecting the greater part of the currently existing radial lines. The purpose of Line 9 is to create a peripheral line surrounding the city of 1.6 million people (metropolitan area exceeds five million), and includes 52 stations, of which a total of 32 are deep shafts and 19 transfer stations in a densely populated area with several geographical constraints.The tunnel has an inner diameter of 10.90 m, bored with an earth pressure balance (EPB) tunnel boring machine (TBM) in soil sections with precast concrete lining type universal ring and segments 40 cm thick.A single tunnel solution was adopted, driven by functionality and costs savings. The internal tunnel section is divided into two levels to allow for one way rail transit including the platforms in each station on each level in order to optimise the space created by the TBM excavation and comply with the operational needs. The division in two areas of the tunnel was carried out through the construction of a horizontal slab resting on the tunnel segments with a constant thickness of 40 cm at the central part of the slab and supporting side walls.CITATION:Justa Cámara, R and Pinillos Lorenzana, L M, 2014. Two transit levels in one tunnel tube – an innovation in Barcelona Metro Line 9, in Proceedings 15th Australasian Tunnelling Conference 2014 , pp 387–398 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Sep 17, 2014

By N Winkelmann

Underground coal heating is a significant hazard in some coal mines. The broad principles of how underground coal heatings occur is reasonably known, however the technique for locating the heatings in often inaccessible goaf has been proved to be difficult. Since 2002, CSIRO, with the support of the Australian Coal Association Research Program (ACARP) has been undertaking investigations to apply and develop innovative surface-based radon technique for locating the underground heatings in Australia. This paper presents the progress of the investigation.

Jan 1, 2005

By M Barden, G Lane, B Quilliam

NQ Minerals PLC, through Hellyer Gold Mines Pty Ltd, plans to reprocess the contents of the Hellyer tailings dam to produce lead/silver concentrate, zinc concentrate and pyrite concentrate (containing Au and Ag). This paper discusses the project development, mineralogy, metallurgy and chemistry of processing Hellyer tailings and the associated environmental benefits. The Hellyer and Fossey orebodies were volcanic hosted polymetallic massive sulphide deposits located within the Mount Read volcanic arc of western Tasmania. Mineralisation was hosted in massive sulphide (pyrite) and comprised predominantly of sphalerite, with lesser galena, chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite. The Hellyer orebody was mineralogically complex (fine grained) and was treated through differential flotation with initially modest recoveries. Fossey ore processing characteristics were similar to those of Que River ore and simpler than Hellyer but treatment still resulted in significant grades in flotation tailings. CITATION: Lane, G, Barden, M and Quilliam, B, 2018. Hellyer tailings – complex mineralogy but higher grade than many ore bodies, in Proceedings Complex Orebodies Conference 2018, pp 35–38 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Nov 21, 2018

By P Viljoen, A Holland, C Parken

In the raisebore industry, there are two known methods of removing large diameter reamer heads once the reaming of an underground shaft is complete: 1. Lower the reamer head to the base of the shaft and use a thermal lance to cut the drill string and drag the reamer away from the hole. This method exposes the person doing the job to falling rocks from the unsupported mineshaft, a hazard which is difficult to control and has caused fatalities. 2. Install breast plates in the backs above the reamer head at the top of the hole, and use air hoists to lift the reamer out of the hole. Steel beams are then placed across the hole which the reamer is lowered down onto, dragged forward away from the hole, disassembled, and removed. This method is time consuming, expensive, and complex in the controls required to ensure safe completion of the job At Carrapateena, the air hoist method had been successfully used, however, with the cost involved and the complexity of this process, development of an improved and fit for purpose reamer removal method was pursued. OZ Minerals collaborated with Pybar to develop an industry first application of Enerpac SL100 lift and shift technology; a track mounted system with hydraulic lifting units that can both lift the reamer out of the hole and tram it back along the tracks away from the hole. A key component of turning the idea into a reality was by establishing a truly collaborative relationship between client and contractor. When the SL100 mobile gantry arrived, it was set up in Adelaide and trialled with the whole raise bore crew attending the two-day workshop and risk assessment; a rare opportunity for drillers. There have now been five successful reamer removals with the SL100 mobile gantry at Carrapateena. It has proven to be an efficient process with the entire process from setup to demobilisation taking less than 48 hours. This new way has completely removed hot works and uncontrolled hazards from working at the bottom of a shaft. It has also saved the reamer stabiliser from being cut and thus wasted. Exposure to the open hole has been minimised significantly as assembly of the SL100 is completed well forward of the open hole. This new process is exponentially safer, quicker and cheaper.

Mar 15, 2021

By D Nieuwkerk, V J. Absolon

"Screw press technology is an innovative approach to tackling the growing pressure to conserve water and minimise the environmental impact of mineral tailings disposal. The principles of the technology have been known for a considerable period of time in non-mining applications such as water treatment, wastewater (municipal sludge), as well as in the paper and chemical industries for dewatering solids, particularly those containing clays.The screw press represents a viable niche technology for filtering fine and high-clay tailings, without the prior thickening stage, and is capable of producing a filtered product that is sufficiently consolidated and dry enough to provide a product suitable for conveying and dry stacking.The Ishigaki screw press was introduced in 1990 and key features are: continuous operation and excellent availability low wear to plant acceptable flocculant consumption low carbon footprint and low noise levels fully automatic.These features lead to simpler plant layouts, easier maintenance, smaller spares inventories, reduced wear, smaller footprint and overall lower capital and operating costs.The amenability of a particular tailing stream to treatment by screw press technology may be determined by test work. Two pilot plant studies are described where this technology has been applied in the mineral industry being flotation tailings from a rare earth (RE) mineral concentrator and coal tailings. In addition, preliminary details are given of an ACARP sponsored research program titled ‘The application of screw press filtration in tailings dewatering’.CITATION:Absolon, V J and Nieuwkerk, D, 2014. Innovative use of screw press filtration in tailings dewatering plant design, in Proceedings 12th AusIMM Mill Operators’ Conference 2014, pp 449–456 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne)."

Sep 1, 2014

By A Woodley, G Keir

The mining industry faces concurrent pressures of reducing water use, energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in coming years. However, the interactions between water and energy use, as well as GHG emissions have largely been neglected in modelling studies to date. In addition, investigations tend to focus on the unit operation scale, with little consideration of whole-of-site or regional scale effects.This paper presents an application of a hierarchical systems model (HSM) developed to represent water, energy and GHG emissions fluxes at scales ranging from the unit operation, to the site level, to the regional level. The model allows for the linkages between water use, energy use and GHG emissions to be examined in a flexible and intuitive way, so that mine sites can predict energy and emissions impacts of water use reduction schemes and vice versa. This paper examines whether this approach can also be applied to the regional scale with multiple mine sites.The model is used to conduct a case study of several coal mines in the Bowen Basin, Australia, to compare the utility of centralised and decentralised mine water treatment schemes. The case study takes into account geographical factors (such as water pumping distances and elevations), economic factors (such as capital and operating cost curves for desalination treatment plants) and regional factors (such as regionally varying climates and associated variance in mine water volumes and quality).The case study results indicate that treatment of saline mine water incurs a trade-off between water and energy use in all cases. However, significant cost differences between centralised and decentralised schemes can be observed in a simple economic analysis. Further research will examine the possibility for deriving model up-scaling algorithms to reduce computational requirements.CITATION:Keir, G and Woodley, A, 2013. Regional trade-offs between mine water and energy use - a water treatment case study, in Proceedings Water in Mining 2013 , pp 21-28 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Nov 26, 2013

By I T. Ross

Sampling drawpoints in block cave mines has been a contentious issue for many years. Doubts have been expressed as to the validity of the process used at most mines. This paper outlines the sampling practice commonly in use, discusses the resulting issues associated with reconciliation and drawpoint closure decisions. The paper also looks to the future and highlights issues for some block cave mining operations currently planned to have in the order of one thousand active drawpoints. It is likely that these operations will require a new approach to drawpoint sampling. There are several potential technologies currently available although some appear to be better suited than others to replace the current approaches. CITATION:Ross, I T, 2012. Sampling in block cave mines, in Proceedings Sampling 2012 , pp 81-86 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Aug 21, 2012

The paper describes data from test work programs on a range of magnetite ores in Australia and overseas. The analysis looks at the behaviour of material of different sizes fed to the rolls and the change in product size as a result of that, the conclusion being that there is a logarithmic relationship. The paper develops a form of equation to predict the product size from a given feed size distribution. The behaviour of the various magnetite ores is compared to more standard test methods such as crushing work index and unconfined compressive strength.

Jan 1, 2009

By A Van Kersen, J Hodson

Waihi Gold Mining Co Ltd [WGM], operated by Normandy Mining, has been internationally recognised for its achievements in environmental management at the Martha Mine at Waihi. In a proactive approach to dealing with community concerns regarding blast vibrations on the North Wall cutback, trials were performed using the Cardox System [Cardox], to determine feasibility of achieving economic fragmentation of andesite overburden whilst bettering management levels of 5 mm/s peak particle velocity. Cardox is a non-explosive pressure breaking system which uses high pressure CO2, Results against conventional Ammonium Nitrate/Fuel Oil [ANFO] using a variety of delays showed that conventional blasting techniques could produce marginal fragmentation within the management levels with occasional excursions, whereas Cardox produced the required fragmentation while not registering on the vibration monitoring equipment. Fragmentation to enable normal excavation by a Hitachi EXII00 hydraulic excavator was achieved with a yield of 16m3 per round. The trails indicated that fragmentation with Cardox at the yields required of over 18m3 per round was possible with further product development. The trial demonstrated that non-explosive pressure breaking is feasible and its application warranted where environmental concerns affect the cost-benefit economics of production blasting in sensitive areas.

Jan 1, 2001

By M R. Dehghan, H Mansouri, A Hakami, M A. Ebrahimi Farsangi, F Faramarzi

Today, it is accepted that rock fragmentation by blasting affects loading and hauling operations, and also directly influences on downstream processes such as crushing and grinding. In this research, the influence of rock fragmentation by blasting on the performance of three mills at Gol-e-Gohar iron ore mine No 1 was studied. Firstly, the fragmentation of conventional blast patterns in iron ore (5 × 6 m) was studied using image analysis and the performances of three mills were monitored. Then, a new blast pattern (4 × 5 m) was designed and nine blasts were carried out using this pattern. Increasing the powder factor form 1650 gr/m3 to 2480 gr/m3 by changing the blast pattern design showed that mill throughputs increase five per cent to 30 per cent for the new pattern.CITATION:Hakami, A, Mansouri, H, Ebrahimi Farsangi, M A, Dehghan, M R and Faramarzi, F, 2015. Study of the effect of blast pattern design on autogenous and semi-autogenous mill throughput at Gol-e-Gohar iron ore mine, in Proceedings 11th International Symposium on Rock Fragmentation by Blasting, pp 315–320 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Aug 24, 2015

By P Holtham, K Duffy, W Valery, A Jankovic

In the face of increasing energy costs, limited water resources, more stringent legislation, and lower feed grades, the mining industry is searching for more sustainable technologies and practices. Metso Process Technology and Innovation (PTI) is undertaking a research project, ‘improving the resource and eco-efficiency of mining operations’, to help the industry meet these challenges. The project is investigating alternatives in mining and processing that reduce energy and water consumption, minimise emissions and waste, and maximise the value recovered from the deposit. The targets are to reduce energy usage by more than 30 per cent and greenhouse gas emissions by more than 50 per cent compared to current practice.Key areas of interest were identified across mining and processing operations. These were grouped into the following interrelated work areas for investigation: high intensity selective blasting, in-pit crushing and conveying, preconcentration, energy efficient comminution circuits and technologies, coarse particle flotation, and water recovery optimisation. Investigations have included reviews of industrial data, modelling, simulation, and laboratory and pilot scale trials. In some areas industrial scale trials will commence shortly. This paper discusses the investigations and key findings from the project so far; highlighting the possibilities for reducing energy consumption, water usage and carbon emissions. A particular mining process may incorporate any combination of the alternatives identified and requires tailored solutions based on a detailed understanding of the ore deposit, the process and local conditions. The focus is on improving resource efficiency; creating more value with less impact and consequently a better economic return from the available resource. Technologies exist today that can transform mining into a more efficient industry for tomorrow.CITATION:Duffy, K, Valery, W, Jankovic, A and Holtham, P, 2015. Resource efficient mining processes of tomorrow, in Proceedings Third International Future Mining Conference, pp 227–238 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Nov 4, 2015

By T Goldsmith

The mining industry is cyclical, but those are more than normal business cycles. In the early 2000s the industry saw the start of China as a game changer for the mining industry which lead to catch phrases like ‘stronger for longer’ and even ‘stronger forever’. Enter the global financial crises and the more recent slow-down in the Chinese economy and confidence that the future is bright has dimmed! This paper looks at the long-term forces that are likely to impact the global mining sector and explain why the industry has an excellent future. However, the industry is not without its many challenges and while demand may be in a prolonged step change, the ability to generate profits will depend on the fitness of each asset and company.The author also discusses the hated terms of ‘boom’ and ‘bust’ and considers how the industry can reduce them, but normally exacerbates them. The ability of the junior sector to raise funds being a primary example and one that remains closed to all but the very best exploration assets. There is also consideration of Australia’s position as a mining country in the future world.CITATION:Goldsmith, T, 2014. The future of the global mining sector, in Proceedings Ninth International Mining Geology Conference 2014 , pp 15–20 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Aug 18, 2014

By R N. Humphries

The aim of this paper is to question the need to develop bespoke monitoring and assessment methodologies and criteria, thereby ‘reinventing the wheel’, when designing and assessing the success of important natural habitat and ecosystem restoration schemes at mine sites in the UK and Australia. It draws attention to the existence and applicability of the Phase I Habitat, National Vegetation Classification (NVC) and Condition Monitoring methods in the UK and similar approaches used in Australia. These are long accepted established methodologies and have published accounts for describing, assessing and managing natural vegetation communities, habitats and ecosystems. They are often used at the environmental impact stage, but seemingly rarely, if at all, in restoration design and management at mine closure. Their application to mine restoration and closure is illustrated and discussed by reference to a surface coalmine in South Wales, UK.It is concluded that the application of a combination of the Phase I Habitat, NVC and Condition Monitoring methods is highly relevant to the expectations of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and its implementation in the UK, and probably in Australia too. The methodology and criteria described could be incorporated into the guidance and specified in the mining permits so that there is clarity as to the expectations and requirements for monitoring and assessment for bond release. Their use could be of wider application where there is a requirement to assess the success of restored CBD assets and ecosystems.CITATION:Humphries, R N, 2014. Why reinvent the wheel when there are established methodologies to aid the design and assessment of restored natural ecosystems on mined land?, in Proceedings Life-of-Mine 2014 , pp 675–692 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Jul 16, 2014

By Chappell B

Backfill in the form of mine waste tailings has inherent problems associated with attaining adequate strengths upon placement. Fines are usually removed to ensure adequate drainage, which lowers the cohesive strength of the fill, leaving the fines to he placed in a tailings darn. Electro-drainage and electro-chemical grouting is examined to investigate its effects on densification and shear strength within a silty clay tailing having low permeability and shear strength. Two separate grouting mechanisms are observed for the iron and silica grouts used. Electro- osmosis is associated with iron grout that deposits within the tailing matrix under a converging pH gradient, and increases the permeability of the tailing. This process initiates cation exchange and causes cementing of the granular contact points between the clays. Electro-phoresis causes sodium silicate solution to deposit silica grout in the voids of the tailings. The resultant effect of these mechanisms results in an increase in cohesion, leaving the void ratio of the iron grouted tailings as it was but significantly reducing the void ratio of the silica grouted tailings.

Jan 1, 1998

By M Barkh, F X. Spachtholz

The mining industry faces significant environmental challenges in managing tailing ponds and wastewater treatment, including the risk of contaminated water, breaches of tailing dams, and energy-intensive treatment processes. Traditional methods involve pumping water to secondary treatment facilities for neutralisation, which is costly and poses operational and environmental risks. In response to these challenges, the Professional Mine Water Action Plan (PMAP) introduces a revolutionary approach that combines cutting-edge AI technology and environmentally friendly reagents for in situ neutralisation of acidic wastewater. PMAP leverages magnesium-based slowrelease reagents and AI-driven intelligent dispensing systems to optimise treatment processes within the tailing pond itself. The unmanned smart dispensing vessel (USDV) conducts bathymetry to gather data on water quality and hydrography, allowing the system to determine the appropriate reagent quantity and injection strategy. This approach transforms the tailing pond into virtual reaction columns, enabling individual and simultaneous water treatment while optimising efficiency. PMAP’s novel reagent demonstrates exceptional efficacy in removing critical metals like cobalt, nickel, and copper, as well as reducing harmful metals such as mercury and manganese to undetectable concentrations. Unlike traditional lime-based treatments, PMAP’s reagent prevents gypsum formation and reduces waste volume significantly, improving reagent utilisation and solid waste handling. Furthermore, PMAP technology offers benefits beyond environmental stewardship. By reducing water treatment costs and improving resource management, it enhances operational efficiency and aligns with broader corporate sustainability goals. Additionally, PMAP expedites permitting processes by eliminating the need for traditional water treatment infrastructure and mitigating risks associated with hazardous reagent transportation. Integrating PMAP as a pre-treatment for existing lime facilities provides further benefits, including optimisation of treatment operations, reduced reagent consumption, and the recovery of valuable metals from generated sludges. Overall, PMAP represents a groundbreaking advancement in mining wastewater management, showcasing the transformative potential of AI and environmentally friendly solutions to foster sustainable and responsible mining practices globally. Its inaugural project in the Yukon Territory aims to demonstrate its capability to remove contaminants from mine water, paving the way for widespread adoption in the industry.

Sep 1, 2024

By M Wieloch, D Wimpenny, M Chappell

Fibre-reinforced geopolymer concrete (FRGC) contains no Portland cement or steel reinforcement, but instead uses synthetic fibre reinforcement and a geopolymer binder. The use of geopolymer binder in lieu of Portland cement reduces the concrete’s embedded energy (CO2 emissions) whilst the use of synthetic fibres eliminates the issue of reinforcement corrosion, thus enhancing the overall long-term durability of concrete. This paper presents the development of FRGC during a three-year project funded by the Victorian Science Agenda and a consortium of five organisations. The work involved laboratory and field trials and the production of prototype tunnel segments that have been subject to durability and fire testing.FRGC has exceeded the performance of the Portland cement-based control mix in terms of flexural strength, chloride diffusion, water sorptivity and drying shrinkage. Furthermore, the FRGC segments subjected to a simulated hydrocarbon fire test did not exhibit explosive spalling; however, the creep of FRGC was approximately three times that of the steel fibre-reinforced Portland cement-based control mix. The compressive strength and tensile splitting strength of the FRGC were also lower than the control mix. These differences need to be allowed for in the design using FRGC.Prototype bolted tunnel segments of up to 0.8?t mass have been produced from FRGC using standard production techniques and ambient curing. These were successfully produced within a 24-hour production cycle. Cut sections through the segments showed good compaction and even distribution of fibres. The estimated carbon footprint of tunnel segments produced using FRGC is approximately 70 per cent less than that of Portland cement-based segments containing 25 per cent fly ash and steel reinforcement.The results to date indicate that FRGC has the potential to produce a new generation of tunnel segments and, in general, precast concrete products with increased durability and substantially reduced carbon emissions compared to the Portland cement-based concrete with steel reinforcement.A summary of further research carried out by CH2M HILL into a complete elimination of ferrous inserts from segmental concrete tunnel lining is also summarised in this paper. The use of non-ferrous connectors for radial joints in combination with the FRGC technology in the manufacture of tunnel segments will effectively lead to development of a new generation of segmental tunnel lining systems.CITATION:Wimpenny, D, Chappell, M and Wieloch, M, 2014. Fibre-reinforced geopolymer concrete – an innovative material for tunnel segments, in Proceedings 15th Australasian Tunnelling Conference 2014, pp 345–352 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Sep 17, 2014

By Grossi M, Baiden G

This paper describes a new mine backfill method based on a newly invented binder with several years of test results from laboratory and on- site applications. The new binder has several advantages over traditional Portland and slag cement binders. One tonne of the new binder can replace two to three tonne of Portland cement when used to consolidate backfill and can result in the same compressive strength within seven days. When comparing backfill slurries of the same pulp density, the new binder attains more volume of in-place backfill mass than Portland cement because of the high crystallisation of water, resulting in tightly filled stopes. The crystallisation of the water provides for less or no de- watering in the backfill stope and easier transportation of the backfill slurry. Pastefill performance can be achieved by using pulp densities typical of a hydraulic backfill and the new binder, all the while transporting with the same ease of hydraulic fill.

Jan 1, 1998

By E R. Ramanaidou, M A. Wells

Asian steel mills are demanding iron ore with specific chemical, mineralogical, metallurgical and environmental properties to warrant that the ore is of the greatest quality. As a result, a toolkit of analytical techniques becomes important. Hyperspectral analyses of iron ore cores and chips using a HyLogging™ system are now routinely undertaken by BHP Billiton Iron Ore in Western Australia for banded iron formation-hosted iron ores and channel iron deposits to better characterise their iron ores. Objective information can now be expanded by adding new sensors. The current HyLogging™ system provides point analysis reflectance spectra and a red–green–blue high-resolution image, while recent developments, such as hyperspectral imaging using the Corescan system, now provide full spectral image and surface topography. The addition of Raman spectroscopy provides the ability to detect and quantify quartz and magnetite (or maghemite) and cross validate hyperspectral information on hematite and goethite and aluminium substitution in the iron oxides. Micro-X-ray fluorescence mapping also adds chemical information appropriate for cross validation with the aforementioned methods. This paper demonstrates the value of combining these techniques for an optimum characterisation of iron ore.CITATION:Ramanaidou, E R and Wells, M A, 2015. A new toolkit for iron ore characterisation, in Proceedings Iron Ore 2015, pp 587–590 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Jul 13, 2015

By V Louchnikov

Ever increasing depth of mineral extraction presents a challenging environment for hard rock underground mines. High in situ stresses and associated seismicity with potential rock burst hazards are the major decisive factors contributing to the choice of a ground support regime. Conventional ground support systems, designed primarily for static loads, are not always capable of providing safe working conditions for underground personnel in seismically active mines. Systems specifically developed to resist dynamic loading and allowing for larger deformations are therefore preferred alternatives. High-tensile chain-link mesh has a proven record of successful use in open cut operations in various rockfall barrier installations due to its high energy absorption capacity. It has also been used in underground operations in various parts of the world. Its application in Australian underground mining, however, is limited due to the high labour intensity. This paper describes a method of mechanised installation of a chain-link mesh as trialled at Golden Grove, a base metals underground mine in Western Australia. A purpose-built mechanised roll mesh handler, developed in Australia, was used in this trial. The handler is compatible with all standard multi-boom underground drill rigs and is operated utilising the hydraulic circuit normally used for the feed arrangement.A number of operational benefits have been identified during the trial, the main two being:•improved safety of underground personnel due to the reduced amount of manual handling, and•increased productivity due to the decreased cycle time (the trial suggests a 40 - 50 per cent reduction in time over the weld mesh installation method).Although the energy-absorbing mesh combined with yielding rock bolts is a ground support system of choice for rock burst prone conditions, the operational upsides recognised during the trial imply that this product can also be competitively used in less demanding ground conditions where customarily weld mesh or shotcrete are used as a primary surface support.

Mar 21, 2011

By A L. Randriamanjatosoa, G Small, C Greet

In flotation simulation models, the effects of pulp chemistry other than pH are often ignored and reduced to particles hydrophobicity or contact angle, neither of which can be measured readily in real time in an operating plant. The flotation response of a given sulphide mineral is known to be influenced and can be improved by changing the chemical characteristics of the pulp during grinding and flotation. The on-line measurement of pulp pH, potential, dissolved oxygen, temperature and oxygen demand of a process stream was completed with the PCM® (Pulp Chemistry Monitor) developed by Magotteaux in this study. The data generated together with relevant plant operating parameters were used to construct an empirical model and simulate the metallurgical performance of the ore. The same approach was also applied to laboratory flotation tests data using various grinding media types. The flotation models better fit the actual data when the chemistry of the pulp is taken into account.CITATION:Randriamanjatosoa, A L, Greet, C and Small, G, 2018. Effects of pulp chemistry on plant and laboratory flotation modelling, in Proceedings 14th AusIMM Mill Operators' Conference 2018, pp 423–432 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Aug 29, 2018