Search Documents

By Bruno Gomes Silva

Durante os reparos gerais nos conversores LD da CSN, as atividades de refratamento como demolição a quente, troca das ventaneiras, montagem do canal de vazamento e montagem do revestimento de trabalho e permanente, fazem parte do caminho critico do cronograma e são diretamente responsáveis pela dinâmica do evento. A montagem do canal de vazamento demandava uma série de atividades que exigiam maior tempo para execução e suporte para atividades em espaço confinado. Este trabalho apresenta sinergia entre fornecedores e diversas áreas envolvidas na montagem do canal de vazamento, onde a metodologia empregada resultou em redução no tempo de execução da atividade, disponibilidade da mão de obra e segurança operacional.

Jul 30, 2018

By Raíra Morais Alcântara Nunes

No laboratório de fundição da Universidade Federal do Ceará, foi desenvolvido novas técnicas de fundição de precisão visando reduzir os custos utilizando materiais reciclados, como sucatas e cinzas residuais de termoelétrica. Ademais, ocorreu a preparação das peças modelo, utilização de silicone para a produção de moldes, preparação das peças em cera e canais de vazamento, fabricação da casca cerâmica refratária, vazamento da liga metálica (ZAMAC), obtenção da peça rústica e processo de usinagem. Desse modo, concluímos nosso projeto dando utilidade para um material poluente e reciclando sucata de zinco e, por consequência, baixando os custos desse processo e podendo haver, também, a geração de emprego para comunidades carentes.

Oct 30, 2017

By Luis Henrique Torres Dantas, Maycon Athayde, Rossano Augusto Pilon Nunes

The objective of this work is to evaluate the physical quality achieved in the iron ore pellets and the temperature profile in the pellet bed by applying an inversion in the flow during the cooling. The firing of pellets requires a minimum residence time in the sintering temperatures of the hematite grains [1]. The applied concept aims at raising this time to pellets located at the bottom of the bed which would provide an improvement in the physical quality of the product. The tests were carried out in a pot-grate type oven and the samples of fired pellets were divided into three aliquots according to the loading position of the pot termed top, middle and bottom, the pellets were sieved and subjected to physical tests and the compared to conventional indurating flow with the same ores and inputs. It was possible to show an increase of 7 to 8% in the compressive strength of the medium and bottom layers, maintaining the top layer results. The objectives of the research were achieved and the tests will be extended to assess the impacts on the mass and energy balance of the indurating machine and its components.

Oct 1, 2019

By Maurício Guimarães Bergerman, Eduardo Henrique Marsola Niño de Guzmán

A abrasividade de um mineral ou rocha é um tema de extrema importância na indústria mineral e é medido geralmente pelo índice de abrasividade de Bond (AI). Entretanto o ensaio de Bond restringe as amostras tanto pela granulometria utilizada no ensaio, entre ½” e ¾”, como quanto pela massa, sendo necessários 1600 g, além do tempo de realização de aproximadamente 60 minutos. Visando o estudo de abrasividade de materiais mais finos, foi pensado no desenvolvimento de um ensaio LCPC modificado, utilizando granulometrias extremamente finas, da ordem de 1,0 mm ou menores, para previsão de desgaste em circuitos de beneficiamento mineral, antecipando assim possíveis falhas em função da mudança das características de abrasividade do material que está sendo processado, podendo ser utilizado para caracterizar materiais finos da etapa de prospecção, perfuração, pré-concentração, e fluxos da flotação..

Mar 1, 2019

By Ruy José Feijó Alves

O policarbonato é um polímero quimicamente neutro, 100% reciclável, resistente a altas temperaturas, impermeável, durável que oferece uma combinação fantástica das suas propriedades físicas, químicas, mecânicas, térmicas e eléctricas (isolante eléctrico). O policarbonato é um dos plásticos de maior venda e que mostra a maior taxa de crescimento anual no mundo, devido às suas excepcionais propriedades e versatilidade de aplicação e uso. Devido à grande utilização de polímeros nas mais diversas aplicações ao ar livre, surgiu a necessidade de estudar sua resistência às intempéries, não somente por aspectos estéticos, como descoloração ou perda de brilho, mas também por mudanças nas suas propriedades. Os polímeros quando expostos a luz solar na presença de oxigênio são degradados, no entanto as taxas de degradação foto-oxidativa dependem fortemente da natureza química do polímero. Durante o processo de degradação ocorrem mudanças físicas e químicas no polímero que levam à descoloração, fissuramento, perda de brilho e queda de resistência mecânica. Tais fenômenos estão quase sempre associados a processos de cisão de cadeia e, em alguns casos, ocorrem também reticulações. Para se avaliar a estabilidade, ou mesmo avaliar a eficiência de um polímero, é necessário submetê-los a ensaios que simulem as condições às quais ele estaria exposto durante a sua vida útil. Nesse contexto será apresentada uma avaliação sobre a degradação do polipropileno exposto a radiação ultravioleta.

Aug 8, 2018

By Emerson Sena Balbino, Emylle Alves Leitão, Gabriel Arthur Guieiro, Lucas van Melis

The deployment of autonomous haulage system causes several impacts in mining production chain, being necessary an appropriate change management policy, crucial to observe and gather all the benefits brought by the technology. The change management is also necessary to guarantee the adaptability of the organization in the long term. This paper briefly presents the technology deployed in the autonomous trucks at Vale's iron ore Brucutu mine, the changes that the operation team faces in the adoption of autonomous technology and the required training path to develop new procedures to deal with the sensitivity of the autonomous haulage system, besides the new operational dynamics from a process point of view, with safer, more consistent and more productive operations.

Oct 3, 2019

By Leonardo Semedo de Mattos Siqueira, Renata Ferreira Muller

The Granulometric Ratio (RG) is one of the most important indicators related to the pelletizing product. Through it, it guarantees good permeability of the bed of pellets, optimization of the thermal cycle and, thus, better results of physical quality and consumption of the energy matrix. To guarantee this indicator, it is necessary that the processes of agglomeration of pellets, classification of raw pellets and screening of burned pellets are under control of certain parameters and with a level of stability assured.

Oct 1, 2019

By Felipe Poffo, Flávio Messas

Due to the high level of competition in tooling sector, a necessity to increase the level of processes and assets management has initiated. Based on the World Class Manufacturing methodology, applied mainly in serial production industries, we have challenged ourselves to adapt the main concepts and implement them in a tooling company. After one work year, we could notice 29% productivity improvement in the bottleneck process, 25% cost reduction in outsourcing, standardization of the processes, 8% reduction in direct labor. Consequently, it was possible to implement a financial reserve and a long term planning cash flow.

Nov 22, 2018

By Andreas Volkert

Energy efficiency, equipment reliability and cost reduction are of the key factors in any efficient plant. Badische Stahlwerke (BSW) started using its own burner technology in 2001, this was developed by Badische Stahl-Engineering (BSE). Over the past 15 years, Badische improved all aspects of its Virtual Lance Burner (VLB), to perfectly fit all steelmaking requirements. This tiltable VLB was first tested at BSW’s electric arc furnace no. 2 in 2012. Promising results like reduction of refractory wear, energy efficiency, reliability, etc., were obtained. At the same time the existing VLB system was further improved with regards to the design of the water-cooled copper box. Today in 2016 both EAFs at BSW are equipped with the new patented tiltable system and the new copper box design. The paper will describe the results of the past years at Badische, but will also show the performance at other installations.

Aug 17, 2017

By Fernando de Jesus Guerra

Este trabalho apresenta de forma sucinta um estudo sobre modificações na estratégia de gestão e nos sistemas de informação dos pátios de bobina a quente que trarão redução no custo de manuseio e estocagem nos mesmos. O estudo baseia-se na observação direta e objetiva dos métodos utilizados por várias empresas no Brasil e no exterior. Nossa conclusão é que a abordagem proposta resulta em significante redução de custos.

Aug 16, 2017

By Eric Yoshimitsu Sako

One of the main difficulties in the operation of trough and runners at Arcelor Mittal Tubarão (AMT) Blast-furnace no.02 is the reduced amount of time available for repair procedures. The consequence is that the castable installation must often be performed during hot conditions and the installed castable could easily detach from the base material during the early stage of operation, exposing the previously oxidized base material to molten iron and corrosive slag attack. When events like this happen, emergency repairs must be executed, resulting in increased refractory unit consumption and an unplanned shutdown of unit operation. Considering these targets, Nippon Crucible Co. and Saint-Gobain HPR Brazil have developed a high-performance Al2O3-SiC-C composition based on an entirely novel anti-oxidation technology. Oxidizing reactions could be attenuated by adding an oxidant inhibitor and a water reducing agent. As a result, the open porosity was significantly reduced, resulting in an improvement of campaign life in terms of pig iron throughput when compared with the regular castable. An analysis of this life improvement showed successful results for the material after 250 days of campaign. The main reason for such successful results was that the deterioration caused by the oxidation was significantly less and that this change made on the high cohesive structure of the base material was maintained for a long time. The attained results allowed Arcelor Mittal Tubarão to achieve longer trough campaigns, and avoid any unplanned stoppages with zero breakdown risks.

Oct 30, 2017

By Glaucon Medeiros Silva

Este trabalho técnico tem por finalidade apresentar a evolução dos ensaios de porosidade em pelotas de minério de ferro. Apresentando as diversas formas de realização deste tipo de ensaio a não correlação entre eles, pois cada método possui uma finalidade distinta e como se ocorreu a evolução do método volumétrico (ótico) desde sua realização manual, na década de 1980, início de medições automatizadas na década de noventa e sua total automatização a partir da década de 2010 até o ano de 2019.

Oct 1, 2019

By Julio César de Oliveira Melo, Giuliano Felippe Soares, André Dias Leite

A resolução de problemas na operação industrial é algo complexo e precisa ser baseada em dados, muitas vezes diversos e não estruturados. Este trabalho traz uma abordagem em big data para dar visibilidade dos problemas em sistemas industriais, trazendo insights que permitam sair da intuição para assertividade, contruibuindo, assim, para redução do tempo de detecção e resolução de problemas.

Oct 1, 2019

By Márcio de Fátima Rosa

Os vergalhões CA50 32mm em barras produzidos via Leito de Resfriamento na CSN Aços Longos iniciaram sua produção em 2015 e para a produção em escala industrial necessitou-se elaborar um experimento para a definição do aço a ser empregado e os parâmetros de processo para atingimento das propriedades mecânicas para atendimento a NBR 7480. Estes produtos sofrem tratamento térmico de resfriamento a água ou não em função da composição química do aço. Através da realização de testes de laminação de 4 tipos de aço tornou-se possível reduzir a heterogeneidade das propriedades mecânicas e definir os parâmetros de processo.

Aug 17, 2017

By Lara de Assis Moreira, Vinicius Thiago Lecco Rampinelli

The energy efficiency of reheating furnaces is a continuous challenge, as these equipment consume a representative portion of the total fuel of an integrated steel plant. Therefore, any investigation and implementation which brings improvement in this figure become an important issue for the mill competitiveness. In the case of production delays due to external factors (the condition addressed in this work), whether predicted or unforeseen, the slabs remain inside the furnace with high temperatures in order to avoid production delay during the production restart, elevating the specific consumption and scale formation. This work increased the energy efficiency of the two ArcelorMittal Tubarão’s walking beam reheating furnaces, by reducing the consumption of mixed gas during production delays (either scheduled or not) lasting less than 3 hours. The objectives were achieved through improvements, among them, tuning of Level 2 automation system parameters, automatization of procedures and operational training. The work resulted in a 34.4% fuel gas consumption reduction during the delays.

Oct 1, 2019

By Valdicleide Silva Mello

Nowadays the biodiesel use is obligate in Brazil, in order to reduce the emissions of fuel burn. However, it is important to analyze which percentage of biodiesel is necessary to keep or improve the lubricant action of fuel for diesel engine, as well which kind of biodiesel give better performance. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the parameters that keep the lubricant action of biofuels, by using the Box-Behnken design type to optimize them. In this design was evaluated the input parameters: the type of the biodiesel (soybean, sunflower and palm), the concentration (5%, 20% and 100%) and the temperature of contact (25°C, 40°C and 60°C). The analyzed output parameters were the percentage of film formation, coefficient of friction, wear scar diameter (WSD) of ball, these output parameters were obtained by HFRR tribometer and they were analyzed applying response surface methodology. With this methodology was possible to determine the simultaneous influence and the interactions between two or more independent variables investigated. The response surfaces generated for the coefficients of friction, WSD, film formation showed a higher lubricant action for higher levels of concentration of biodiesel. An increase in lubricant action was found to high and intermediate temperature.

Jul 31, 2018

By Pedro Augusto David Machado

The hot metal produced in small blast furnaces runs with a highly heterogeneous charcoal. The result is a significantly higher hot metal chemical composition variation, especially for the silicon content, which varies from 0.4 to 1.5% in Mini Blast Furnaces - MBFs, designed to feed an EAF and/or a BOF. These MBFs operate with frequent variation in their productivities to feed preferably only one of the steelmaking reactors, that is, EAF or BOF. The hot metal suitable amount, chemical composition and temperature, to be delivered at the steelmaking vessel, become the major concerns in the integrated operation MBF to EAF or BOF. In order to cope with those undesirable frequent variations, a solution has been proposed based on the existing technologies of oxygen jets and ladle refining techniques adapted to a hot metal ladle or to a Torpedo Car. The proposed technique is not only able to adjust hot metal temperature and chemical composition, but it also generates the adequate conditions for refinement from P and S, as well as “cleaning” hot metal ladles and Torpedo Cars by melting pig iron skulls. Therefore, this new technique development results in high hot metal yield, an adequate chemical composition and bigger campaign of hot metal ladle.

Aug 17, 2017

By Leandro Augusto Viana Teixeira, Márcio Francisco Dill Junges, Adauto Caldara

Innovation in the mining industry is critical when facing ever growing challenges, like the need to increase safety, reduce social and environmental impact, deal with commodities price fluctuations among others. However, successful innovation is not only the product of technological innovation, but it is also dependent on Innovation Management, which consists of changing the way a company fosters innovation, creating a new structure able to leverage technology knowledge and the ability to convert this knowledge in value. This paper presents a restructure option for innovation that focus on R&D development linked to business needs and company strategy. This new system was approached based on four fundamental blocks for innovation management (Approach, Organization, Resources and Metrics), showing how the technology master plan and a management tool are able to bring together all aspects necessary for the proper operation of the system. The new system confirmed the importance of having the initiatives organized as innovation roadmaps, connecting techno-scientific development with the company needs through the use of KPIs that are relevant to the business.

Oct 3, 2019

By Fábio Heiji Yamada, Marcelo Koiti Fugihara, Ruano Fonseca Araujo

Conception the simulation and optimization technologies for industrial processes applied in the mining environment: tools and methodologies. Clarifications provided about the differences of these techniques when compared with static analysis (intuition, use of static spreadsheets, etc.). Presentation of practical cases at several big mining companies in Brazil. These projects will be presented and illustrated through dynamic simulation models developed at those companies, each one with its set of objectives, scope and results (for example: sizing the number of equipment, silo, piles related to the mining processing, logistics, ROM transportation, mine operations plan, etc.).

Oct 3, 2019

By Gajraj Rathore

With the advent of modern HRM ( Hot rolling mills) with capacities beyond 5 Million tons with corresponding enriched CRM (Cold Rolling Mill) capacities, the throughput per hour exceeds invariably beyond 50 coils per hour making it possible to manage, track, handle, transport, store and dispatch inevitably with an automation system supplemented by corresponding software and hardware. This is true with respect to the production of Cold rolled Annealed, Galvanized, Continuously Annealed, Galvalume, CRGO, CRNGO and Colour coated coils which need total care in handling, tracking and dispatch. Understanding the above needs precisely JSW, Vijayanagar, India, has rightly gone in for a total automatic Yard management system and ASRS wherein the coils are handled as much as possible automatically in cradles without any damage insuring the receipt of coils to the customer as was produced. This CRM 2 has been commissioned and is operating with maximum automation with least manpower and max productivity with assured quality and safety. Pesmel OY Finland had the opportunity to Design, Supply and Commission this system which is first in the country and this technical paper analyses the above project as a case study enlisting the sound technical aspects as well as emphasis on the techno economics with assured ROI (Return on investment) and enhanced efficiency.

Aug 16, 2017