Structural Performance of Three-Layer Particleboards with Waste Fiber Reinforcement: A Review

With the increasing demand for wood driven by population growth and urbanization, this study explores the potential of three-layer particleboards reinforced with waste fibers as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative in building material technology. It focuses on various waste fibers such as sisal, bagasse, leather shavings, and waste papers, assessing their impact on the structural properties of particleboards. The research thoroughly evaluates key mechanical properties such as the modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE), as well as essential physical properties like water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS). This investigation delves into the innovative use of organic and natural bio-waste particulates as reinforcing agents in polymer composites, specifically examining their role in enhancing particleboard characteristics. A significant finding of this study is that the enhanced particleboards not only meet, but sometimes exceed, the minimum standards set by various international guidelines for general purposes. This indicates that it is feasible to replace traditional wood fibers with certain organic waste materials while maintaining or even improving the performance of conventional particleboards. This advancement is particularly relevant to the construction industry, as it suggests that these improved particleboards can be effectively used as sustainable structural materials. By utilizing waste fibers, it not only aligns with global sustainability goals but also provides a practical solution for waste management across multiple industries. Consequently, this research represents a significant step forward in the development of building materials that support eco-friendly construction practices and contribute to the circular economy.